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Ultra-small fluorescent metal nanoclusters: Synthesis and biological applications

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TLDR
In this article, the authors summarize synthesis strategies of water-soluble fluorescent metal nanoclusters and their optical properties, highlight recent advances in their application for ultrasensitive biological detection and fluorescent biological imaging, and finally discuss current challenges for their potential biomedical applications.
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This article is published in Nano Today.The article was published on 2011-08-01. It has received 1306 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Nanoclusters.

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Atomically Precise Colloidal Metal Nanoclusters and Nanoparticles: Fundamentals and Opportunities

TL;DR: This review summarizes the major progress in the field, including the principles that permit atomically precise synthesis, new types of atomic structures, and unique physical and chemical properties ofatomically precise nanoparticles, as well as exciting opportunities for nanochemists to understand very fundamental science of colloidal nanoparticles.
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Silver as Antibacterial Agent: Ion, Nanoparticle, and Metal

TL;DR: It can be concluded that the therapeutic window for silver is narrower than often assumed, however, the risks for humans and the environment are probably limited.
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Atomically Precise Clusters of Noble Metals: Emerging Link between Atoms and Nanoparticles

TL;DR: Luminescence in the visible region, especially by clusters protected with proteins, with a large Stokes shift, has been used for various sensing applications, down to a few tens of molecules/ions, in air and water.
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An overview of nanoparticles commonly used in fluorescent bioimaging

TL;DR: An overview of the various kinds of nanoparticles (NPs) that are widely used for purposes of fluorescent imaging, mainly of cells and tissues is given.
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From Aggregation-Induced Emission of Au(I)–Thiolate Complexes to Ultrabright Au(0)@Au(I)–Thiolate Core–Shell Nanoclusters

TL;DR: Strong luminescence emission by the mechanism of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is reported of Au(I)-thiolate complexes, and the synthetic strategy was extended to other thiolate ligands with added functionalities (in the form of custom-designed peptides).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Highly fluorescent, water-soluble, size-tunable gold quantum dots.

TL;DR: Highly fluorescent, water-soluble, few-atom Au quantum dots have been created that behave as multielectron artificial atoms with discrete, size-tunable electronic transitions throughout the visible and near IR.
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DNA-templated Ag nanocluster formation.

TL;DR: Fluorescence, absorption, mass, and NMR spectra all indicate that multiple species are present, but that their creation is both nucleotide- and time-dependent, and that the nanoclusters are associated with the chiral ss-DNA template.
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Oligonucleotide-stabilized Ag nanocluster fluorophores.

TL;DR: Ensemble and single molecule fluorescence studies show that oligonucleotide encapsulated Ag nanoclusters exhibit significantly greater photostability and higher emission rates than commonly used cyanine dyes.
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Photoluminescence of Metals

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that anomalous recombinations in gold, copper, and gold-copper alloys arise from transitions between electrons in conduction-band states below the Fermi level and holes in the $d$ bands generated by optical excitation.
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Fluorescent silver nanoclusters

TL;DR: The different scaffolds that are used as stabilizer for silver nanoclusters (e.g. polymers, dendrimers, DNA oligomers, cryogenic noble gas matrixes, inorganic glasses, zeolites and nanoparticles) are overviewed.
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