Journal ArticleDOI
Uncertainty of Precipitation Estimates Caused by Sparse Gauging Networks in a Small, Mountainous Watershed
Markus Hrachowitz,Markus Weiler +1 more
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In this article, the authors characterize the variability of precipitation in a small, mountainous watershed and quantifies the uncertainty of precipitation estimates caused by sparse precipitation gauging stations, finding that the use of 4 or more gauges implicitly allowed a close approximation of the best available daily mean catchment precipitation estimates.Abstract:
Watershed modeling requires reliable climate input data that provide a reasonable representation of spatial variability. In many cases, limited access, complex terrain, and remoteness make it difficult to acquire good data. This work characterizes the variability of precipitation in a small, mountainous watershed and quantifies the uncertainty of precipitation estimates caused by sparse precipitation gauging stations. Spatial precipitation variability was found to be of particular concern during the summer months. When one gauge within the watershed is recording precipitation, integration times of more than 8 days are necessary for all gauges to record. In the study catchment, the absolute error in daily mean catchment precipitation exponentially decreased with the increased number of precipitation gauges compared with the best available estimate. The use of 4 or more gauges implicitly allowed a close approximation of the best available daily mean catchment precipitation estimates. Fuzzy multiple linear r...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A decade of Predictions in Ungauged Basins (PUB)—a review
Markus Hrachowitz,Hubert H. G. Savenije,Günter Blöschl,Jeffrey J. McDonnell,Murugesu Sivapalan,John W. Pomeroy,Berit Arheimer,Theresa Blume,Martyn P. Clark,Uwe Ehret,Fabrizio Fenicia,Jim Freer,Alexander Gelfan,Hoshin V. Gupta,Denis A. Hughes,Rolf Hut,Alberto Montanari,Saket Pande,Doerthe Tetzlaff,Peter Troch,Stefan Uhlenbrook,Thibaut Wagener,Hessel Winsemius,Ross Woods,Erwin Zehe,Christophe Cudennec +25 more
TL;DR: The Prediction in Ungauged Basins (PUB) initiative of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) launched in 2003 and concluded by the PUB Symposium 2012 held in Delft (23-25 October 2012), set out to shift the scientific culture of hydrology towards improved scientific understanding of hydrological processes, as well as associated uncertainties and the development of models with increasing realism and predictive power as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrological landscape classification: Investigating the performance of HAND based landscape classifications in a central European meso-scale catchment
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed performance and sensitivity analysis of a recently developed hydrological landscape classification method based on dominant runoff mechanisms is presented, where three landscape classes are distinguished: wetland, hillslope and plateau.
Journal ArticleDOI
The importance of topography-controlled sub-grid process heterogeneity and semi-quantitative prior constraints in distributed hydrological models
Remko C. Nijzink,Luis Samaniego,Juliane Mai,Rohini Kumar,Stephan Thober,Matthias Zink,David Schäfer,Hubert H. G. Savenije,Markus Hrachowitz +8 more
TL;DR: It was shown that suitable semi-quantitative prior constraints in combination with the transfer-function-based regularization approach of mHM can be beneficial for spatial model transferability as the Euclidian distances for the signatures improved on average by 2 %.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rainfall estimation in SWAT: An alternative method to simulate orographic precipitation
TL;DR: In this article, an alternative methodology to represent the temporal distribution of orographic precipitation is proposed, which does not reflect reallisticaly the spatial distribution of rainfall in the basin, spatially and temporally.
Journal ArticleDOI
The importance of aspect for modelling the hydrological response in a glacier catchment in Central Asia
Hongkai Gao,Hongkai Gao,Hongkai Gao,Yongjian Ding,Qiudong Zhao,Markus Hrachowitz,Hubert H. G. Savenije +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual hydrological model was developed and tested to systematically, simultaneously, and robustly reproduce the hydrograph, separate the discharge into contributions from glacier and nonglacier parts of the catchment, and establish estimates of the annual glacier mass balance, the annual equilibrium line altitude, and the daily catchment snow water equivalent.
References
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A Statistical-Topographic Model for Mapping Climatological Precipitation over Mountainous Terrain
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an analytical model that distributes point measurements of monthly and annual precipitation to regularly spaced grid cells in midlatitude regions, using a combination of climatological and statistical concepts to analyze orographic precipitation.