Showing papers on "Bioaccumulation published in 2019"
TL;DR: The correlations between exposure to cadmium occupationally and environmentally and levels measured in blood and urine are given, indicating that accumulation varies not only by location but also within and between various species.
262 citations
TL;DR: PS-MPs were found to enhance the bioaccumulation of ROX in fish tissues compared to ROX-alone exposure, and oxidative damage in situations of co-exposure to MPs and ROX was mitigated in fish livers after 14 d of exposure, suggesting that the presence of MPs may affect the metabolism ofROX in tilapia.
192 citations
TL;DR: The purpose of this review was to examine the various toxic effects of Pb exposure, including bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and immune responses, and to identify indicators to evaluate the extent of P b toxicity by based on the level of PB exposure.
192 citations
TL;DR: This study examined the desert plant’s tolerance to Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb relative to soil concentration to suggest that T. qataranse is a suitable candidate for toxic metals phytostabilization.
Abstract: Heavy metals constitute some of the most significant environmental contaminants today. The abundance of naturally growing Tetraena qataranse around Ras Laffan oil and gas facilities in the state of Qatar reflects its toxitolerant character. This study examined the desert plant’s tolerance to Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb relative to soil concentration. Analysis by inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) showed that the plant biomass accumulates higher Cd, Cr, Cu and Ni concentration than the soil, particularly in the root. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of all metals in the root and shoot indicates the plant’s capacity to accumulate these metals. Cd had a translocation factor (TF) greater than one; however, it is less than one for all other metals, suggesting that the plant remediate Cd by phytoextraction, where it accumulates in the shoot and Cr, Cu and Ni through phytostabilization, concentrating the metals in the root. Metals phytostabilization restrict transport, shield animals from toxic species ingestion, and consequently prevent transmission across the food chain. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis further corroborates ICP-OES quantitative data. Our results suggest that T. qataranse is tolerant of Cd, Cr, Cu, and Ni. Potentially, these metals can accumulate at higher concentration than shown here; hence, T. qataranse is a suitable candidate for toxic metals phytostabilization.
156 citations
TL;DR: The study results suggest that the occurrence and risks of emerging endocrine-disrupting compounds in coastal waters are deserving of further studies, especially in densely populated regions of the world.
126 citations
TL;DR: Estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) assessed for potential human health risk implications suggest that the values were within the acceptable threshold for both adults and children, however, calculated CR values indicated that both age groups were not far from the risk, and HI values demonstrated that children were nearly 6 times more susceptible to non-carcinogenic and carcinogen health effects than adults.
Abstract: The Karnaphuli River estuary, located in southeast coast of Bangladesh, is largely exposed to heavy metal contamination as it receives a huge amount of untreated industrial effluents from the Chottagram City. This study aimed to assess the concentrations of five heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Cr and Cu) and their bioaccumulation status in six commercially important fishes, and also to evaluate the potential human health risk for local consumers. The hierarchy of the measured concentration level (mg/kg) of the metals was as follows: Pb (13.88) > Cu (12.10) > As (4.89) > Cr (3.36) > Cd (0.39). The Fulton’s condition factor denoted that fishes were in better ‘condition’ and most of the species were in positive allometric growth. The bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of the contaminants observed in the species were in the following orders: Cu (1971.42) > As (1042.93) > Pb (913.66) > Cr (864.99) > Cd (252.03), and among the specimens, demersal fish, Apocryptes bato appeared to be the most bioaccumulative organism. Estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) assessed for potential human health risk implications suggest that the values were within the acceptable threshold for both adults and children. However, calculated CR values indicated that both age groups were not far from the risk, and HI values demonstrated that children were nearly 6 times more susceptible to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health effects than adults.
113 citations
TL;DR: Bioaccumulation characteristics of PFASs in light of crop types and organs were explored, followed by analyzing human exposure and risks to local residents with different age groups and dietary habits, and implications for planting optimization and food safety were provided.
112 citations
TL;DR: The bioavailability and biomagnification of organophosphate esters (OPEs) were investigated in a food web in the Zhushan Bay of Taihu Lake, China, suggesting that the bioaccumulation was mainly controlled by the hydrophobicity.
100 citations
TL;DR: Insight is provided into the biomagnification potential of OPFRs and suggests further investigation on this group of chemicals is suggested.
Abstract: Despite the increase in production, usage, and discharge of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), little information is available about their bioaccumulation and trophic transfer in the marine ...
94 citations
TL;DR: Marine organisms' ability to digest and eliminate heavy metals (bioaccumulation ability), based on bioaccumulating factors, was significantly higher for heavy metals in seawater than in sediment, which may explain the higher heavy metal concentrations in crab.
89 citations
TL;DR: A method based on QuEChERS extraction and subsequent liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis has been developed and validated for the determination of 52 medium to highly polar pesticides in fresh fish muscle, finding metolachlor and quinoxyfen were both the most ubiquitous and abundant pesticides.
TL;DR: Interestingly, high pharmaceutical levels were observed in fish from the Acaraguá river suggesting their transport into the protected area, from the surrounding lands, suggesting the importance of developing an advanced understanding of urban influences on inland protected watersheds.
TL;DR: Overall, BP-1 and BP-8 were more toxic to the two tested species than BP-3 andBP-4, which matches the relative bioaccumulation potential of the four BPs, and suggests that future ecotoxicological studies of corals should take their sensitivities, life stages and metabolic capacities into consideration.
TL;DR: This work characterized the heavy metal bioaccumulation in honey bees, Apis mellifera ligustica, collected at 35 sites from Umbria (Central Italy), and developed a Honeybee Contamination Index (HCI), a reliable tool that provided a piece of concise information on metal contamination in terrestrial environments.
TL;DR: There appears to be no overall trend in the global measured concentrations reported in cetaceans between 1975 and 2010, although differences between areas show that the highest concentrations in recent decades have been measured in the tissues of Mediterranean odontocetes.
TL;DR: The cancer and non-cancer risk assessments concluded that the probable risk associated with the intake of PAHs via fish consumption is minimal, and long-term monitoring is necessary to determine the ecological impacts ofPAHs associated with oil and gas activities.
TL;DR: Greater levels of glucuronide/sulfate conjugated EDCs were found in fish bile and liver than in the plasma and muscle, suggesting that the liver and bile played an important role in the metabolism and excretion of phenolic EDCs in fish.
TL;DR: This study is one of the first to report considerable concentrations of 6:2 FTS in marine invertebrates, suggesting bioaccumulation, and biota monitoring and risk assessments of sites contaminated with fluorotelomer sulfonates (FTS) and related compounds, should not be limited to fish, but also include inverte fishes.
Abstract: The use of aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) has resulted in hot spots polluted with poly- and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs). The phase out of long-chained perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) from AFFFs resulted in the necessity for alternatives, and short-chained PFAAs and fluorotelomer-based surfactants have been used. Here, the distribution of PFAS contamination in the marine environment surrounding a military site in Norway was investigated. Up to 30 PFASs were analyzed in storm, leachate, and fjord water; marine sediments; marine invertebrates (snails, green shore crab, great spider crab, and edible crab); and teleost fish (Atlantic cod, European place, and Lemon sole). Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) was the most abundantly detected PFAS. Differences in PFAS accumulation levels were observed among species, likely reflecting different exposure routes among trophic levels and different capabilities for depuration and/or enzymatic degradation. In agreement with previous literature, almost no 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) was detected in teleost fish. However, this study is one of the first to report considerable concentrations of 6:2 FTS in marine invertebrates, suggesting bioaccumulation. Biota monitoring and risk assessments of sites contaminated with fluorotelomer sulfonates (FTSs) and related compounds should not be limited to fish, but should also include invertebrates.
TL;DR: Concentrations of trace metals in water were rather low except Hg, some of which surpassed the scope of quality standard, and total target hazard quotient values and target cancer risk were lower than unit and within acceptable range, indicating there was no health risk for inhabitants from trace metals through fish consumption.
TL;DR: Cadmium concentrations were found to be highest in intermediate plankton size classes, with very low levels in fish, and the need to efficiently characterize the biological composition of plankton in order to fully identify its role in the mobilization and transfer of metals was highlighted.
TL;DR: Assessment of the bioaccumulation behaviour and phytoremediation efficacy of several PPCPs in Lorong Halus Wetland, a large-scale constructed wetland system in Singapore, constructed for the treatment of landfill leachate indicates that Cattail Typha angustifolia was capable of remediating P PCPs to various extends, with bioconcentration factors ranging up to 2000.
National Institute of Standards and Technology1, University of California, Santa Barbara2, United States Environmental Protection Agency3, University of Plymouth4, University of Aveiro5, Roskilde University6, Aarhus University7, University of Kentucky8, Wageningen University and Research Centre9, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station10
TL;DR: This perspective provides expert guidance for performing ENM bioaccumulation measurements across a broad range of test organisms and species and one key finding was the critical need for further analytical method development to identify and quantify ENMs in complex matrices.
Abstract: One of the key components for environmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is data on bioaccumulation potential. Accurately measuring bioaccumulation can be critical for regulatory decision-making regarding material hazard and risk, and for understanding the mechanism of toxicity. This perspective provides expert guidance for performing ENM bioaccumulation measurements across a broad range of test organisms and species. To accomplish this aim, we critically evaluated ENM bioaccumulation within three categories of organisms: single-celled species, multicellular species excluding plants, and multicellular plants. For aqueous exposures of suspended single-celled and small multicellular species, it is critical to perform a robust procedure to separate suspended ENMs and small organisms to avoid overestimating bioaccumulation. For many multicellular organisms, it is essential to differentiate between the ENMs adsorbed to external surfaces or in the digestive tract and the amount absorbed across epithelial tissues. For multicellular plants, key considerations include how exposure route and the role of the rhizosphere may affect the quantitative measurement of uptake, and that the efficiency of washing procedures to remove loosely attached ENMs to the roots is not well understood. Within each organism category, case studies are provided to illustrate key methodological considerations for conducting robust bioaccumulation experiments for different species within each major group. The full scope of ENM bioaccumulation measurements and interpretations are discussed including conducting the organism exposure, separating organisms from the ENMs in the test media after exposure, analytical methods to quantify ENMs in the tissues or cells, and modeling the ENM bioaccumulation results. One key finding to improve bioaccumulation measurements was the critical need for further analytical method development to identify and quantify ENMs in complex matrices. Overall, the discussion, suggestions, and case studies described herein will help improve the robustness of ENM bioaccumulation studies.
TL;DR: Principal component analysis (PCA) concluded that environmental factors like seawater temperature, salinity, sediment grain size and organic matter had a significant association with different metal accumulation in crabs, revealing the ecological significance of sentinel crab, M. depressus, as they endure with wide range of metal contaminated environment.
TL;DR: The relationships between the fish sizes and the EDC concentrations analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis implied that the bioaccumulation of diethylstilbestrol and BPA increased with the growth of Parabramis Pekinensis, and there was a balance between the uptake rate and elimination rate of EDCs in Siniperca Chuatsi and Cyprinus Carpio.
TL;DR: EDCs in sediment and SPM and those in water were most positively correlated with those in detritivores and planktivores, respectively, suggesting the potential of fish with these two feeding habits to act as bioindicators of EDC pollutants.
TL;DR: Investigation of the bioaccumulation of organochlorine (OCPs) and pyrethroids pesticides in surface water, sediments, fish, and aquatic weeds of the Thamirabarani river system, southern India found presence of relatively high levels of OCPs in upstream waters is a serious concern and hence suitable measures need to be taken up by regulatory authorities.
Abstract: This study was undertaken to investigate the bioaccumulation of organochlorine (OCPs) and pyrethroids pesticides in surface water, sediments, fish, and aquatic weeds of the Thamirabarani river system, southern India. Samples were collected from five sampling sites, viz, Manimuthar, Tirunelveli, Srivaikuntam, Authoor, and Punnakayal, and tested for OCPs by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) following QuEChERS extraction procedure. OCPs detected in surface waters ranged from 0.001 to 34.44 μgl−1; sediments from 0.01 to 16.72 μg kg−1; fish muscle from 0.01 to 26.05 μg kg−1; gills from 0.01 to 40.56 μg kg−1; liver from 0.01 to 65.14 μg kg−1 and aquatic weeds from 0.01 to 5.53 μg kg−1. Endosulfan, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin and heptachlor were the dominant OCPs found above the maximum residue limits set by World Health Organisation for surface waters. Sediments also contained relatively high amounts of endosulfan, aldrin, dieldrin, and endrin. Species - specific bioaccumulation of OCPs in fish muscle tissue was noticed. Rohu contained more endosulfan than catla and tilapia. Concentration of OCPs in the liver was much higher than that in the gills and muscles. Methoxychlor was one of the predominant OCPs in the fish liver. A positive correlation existed between fat content and bioaccumulation of OCPs in fish muscle. Aquatic weeds in the river did not have significant levels of OCPs. Presence of relatively high levels of OCPs in upstream waters is therefore a serious concern and hence suitable measures need to be taken up by regulatory authorities.
TL;DR: Toxicity was either independent of the level of MP or even in some instances significantly decreased in the presence of MPs, challenging the assumption that MP act as vectors of hydrophobic chemicals to planktonic marine organisms.
TL;DR: Calculated rates revealed that benzophenone 1 (BP1), 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4HB) and ethyl-4-(dimethyl-amino)benzoate (EtPABA) have a strong tendency to adsorb onto the sediments, showing high DCs-w, i.e. high ecological risk and strong bioaccumulation factors.
TL;DR: Results showed that the bioaccumulation of mercury in marine fish was highly variable, and its concentration was affected by the specific physiological and ecological characteristics of different fish species.
Abstract: Since the Minamata incident in Japan, the public have become increasingly aware of the negative health effects caused by mercury pollution in the ocean. Consequently, there has been significant interest in the health of humans eating fish exposed to mercury (Hg). However, the toxicity of mercury to the marine fish themselves has received far less attention. In this review, we summarize mercury accumulation in marine fish and the toxicological effects of mercury exposure. Results showed that the bioaccumulation of mercury in marine fish was highly variable, and its concentration was affected by the specific physiological and ecological characteristics of different fish species. Mercury exposure can produce teratogenic, neurotoxic effects, and reproductive toxicity. These effects can then cause harm to cells, tissues, proteins and genes, and ultimately, the survival, growth, and behavior of marine fish. Future studies should afford more attention to the toxicological effect of mercury exposure upon marine fish.
TL;DR: Observations proved strong compound dependent influences of soil conditions on various compounds bioaccumulations in plants and necessity of studying these processes always in diverse soils.