There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

In this critical review, metal oxides-based materials for electrochemical supercapacitor (ES) electrodes are reviewed in detail together with a brief review of carbon materials and conducting polymers. Their advantages, disadvantages, and performance in ES electrodes are discussed through extensive analysis of the literature, and new trends in material development are also reviewed. Two important future research directions are indicated and summarized, based on results published in the literature: the development of composite and nanostructured ES materials to overcome the major challenge posed by the low energy density of ES (476 references).

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A review of electrode materials for electrochemical supercapacitors

1. Introduction 20642. Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles 20662.1. Classical Synthesis by Coprecipitation 20662.2. Reactions in Constrained Environments 20682.3. Hydrothermal and High-TemperatureReactions20692.4. Sol-Gel Reactions 20702.5. Polyol Methods 20712.6. Flow Injection Syntheses 20712.7. Electrochemical Methods 20712.8. Aerosol/Vapor Methods 20712.9. Sonolysis 20723. Stabilization of Magnetic Particles 20723.1. Monomeric Stabilizers 20723.1.1. Carboxylates 20733.1.2. Phosphates 20733.2. Inorganic Materials 20733.2.1. Silica 20733.2.2. Gold 20743.3. Polymer Stabilizers 20743.3.1. Dextran 20743.3.2. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 20753.3.3. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) 20753.3.4. Alginate 20753.3.5. Chitosan 20753.3.6. Other Polymers 20753.4. Other Strategies for Stabilization 20764. Methods of Vectorization of the Particles 20765. Structural and Physicochemical Characterization 20785.1. Size, Polydispersity, Shape, and SurfaceCharacterization20795.2. Structure of Ferro- or FerrimagneticNanoparticles20805.2.1. Ferro- and Ferrimagnetic Nanoparticles 20805.3. Use of Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents forMRI20825.3.1. High Anisotropy Model 20845.3.2. Small Crystal and Low Anisotropy EnergyLimit20855.3.3. Practical Interests of Magnetic NuclearRelaxation for the Characterization ofSuperparamagnetic Colloid20855.3.4. Relaxation of Agglomerated Systems 20856. Applications 20866.1. MRI: Cellular Labeling, Molecular Imaging(Inﬂammation, Apoptose, etc.)20866.2.

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Stabilization, Vectorization, Physicochemical Characterizations, and Biological Applications

[Liu, Chang; Li, Feng; Ma, Lai-Peng; Cheng, Hui-Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.;Cheng, HM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Met Res, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci, 72 Wenhua Rd, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China;cheng@imr.ac.cn

Advanced Materials for Energy Storage

CoSn3 nanoparticles have been successfully assembled on noncovalently poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via a chemical reduction method in a polyol system. The influences of the surface functionality and the reaction temperature on the synthesis of uniform CoSn3-MWCNTs nanohybrids have been investigated. The as-synthesized CoSn3-MWCNTs nanohybrids have been applied as anodes for lithium-ion batteries, and show better lithium storage performance compared to the bare CoSn3 nanoparticles and MWCNTs. The combining of MWCNTs that can hinder the agglomeration and enhance the electronic conductivity of the active materials is responsible for the enhanced cyclic performance.

Assembling CoSn3 nanoparticles on multiwalled carbon nanotubes with enhanced lithium storage properties.

Fabrication of Ni-NiO-Cu Metal-Insulator-Metal Tunnel Diodes via Anodic Aluminum Oxide Templates

Array-orderly single crystalline silicon nano-wires

MoS2 is widely used in many fields including spin-valleytronics, logic transistors, light emitting devices, clean energy and biology. However, controllable synthesis of two-dimensional MoS2 sheets remains a great challenge. We report the formation of round-shaped monolayer MoS2 domains with a tunable size and the shape transformation from triangle to round. A qualitative interpretation of the formation mechanism is presented and the process can be controlled by either a thermodynamic or a kinetic growth regime depending on the growth rate. The round-shaped MoS2 domains show a high electron mobility of 1.39 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1), comparable to the mechanically exfoliated counterparts. Our study reveals the dominant factors that influence the synthesis of MoS2 and improves our understanding of the nucleation and growth mechanisms of MoS2, towards fine control over the synthesis of MoS2 and other TMDs.

A high-quality round-shaped monolayer MoS2 domain and its transformation

In the framework of density functional theory we show that a chlorine (Cl) atom prefers residing at the surface of silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) in single coordination, passivating a Si atom. The surface of Si NCs is covered by H in a very Cl-poor environment, while it may be covered by both H and Cl in a less Cl-poor environment. The Cl coverage increases with the increase of the chemical potential of Cl. At rather high Cl coverage the NC structure is distorted. The band-edge recombination rates of Cl-passivated Si NCs may be significantly larger than that of completely H-passivated ones.

Deren Yang

Papers

Assembling CoSn3 nanoparticles on multiwalled carbon nanotubes with enhanced lithium storage properties.

Fabrication of Ni-NiO-Cu Metal-Insulator-Metal Tunnel Diodes via Anodic Aluminum Oxide Templates

Array-orderly single crystalline silicon nano-wires

A high-quality round-shaped monolayer MoS2 domain and its transformation

Theoretical Study of Chlorine for Silicon Nanocrystals