Showing papers by "Xiang Zhang published in 2010"
TL;DR: In this article, a room temperature semiconductor plasmon laser with both strong cavity feedback and optical confinement to 1/20th of the wavelength was reported, where the strong feedback arises from total internal reflection of surface plasmons, while the confinement enhances the spontaneous emission rate by up to 20 times.
Abstract: Plasmon lasers create and sustain intense and coherent optical fields below light's diffraction limit with the unique ability to drastically enhance light-matter interactions bringing fundamentally new capabilities to bio-sensing, data storage, photolithography and optical communications. However, these important applications require room temperature operation, which remains a major hurdle. Here, we report a room temperature semiconductor plasmon laser with both strong cavity feedback and optical confinement to 1/20th of the wavelength. The strong feedback arises from total internal reflection of surface plasmons, while the confinement enhances the spontaneous emission rate by up to 20 times.
448 citations
TL;DR: The spherical hyperlens is designed with flat hyperbolic dispersion that supports wave propagation with very large spatial frequency and yet same phase speed, which allows it to resolve features down to 160 nm, much smaller than the diffraction limit at visible wavelengths.
Abstract: Hyperlenses have generated much interest recently, not only because of their intriguing physics but also for their ability to achieve sub-diffraction imaging in the far field in real time. All previous efforts have been limited to sub-wavelength confinement in one dimension only and at ultraviolet frequencies, hindering the use of hyperlenses in practical applications. Here, we report the first experimental demonstration of far-field imaging at a visible wavelength, with resolution beyond the diffraction limit in two lateral dimensions. The spherical hyperlens is designed with flat hyperbolic dispersion that supports wave propagation with very large spatial frequency and yet same phase speed. This allows us to resolve features down to 160 nm, much smaller than the diffraction limit at visible wavelengths, that is, 410 nm. The hyperlens can be integrated into conventional microscopes, expanding their capabilities beyond the diffraction limit and opening a new realm in real-time nanoscopic optical imaging.
391 citations
TL;DR: A nanoscale plasmonic structure that can, when illuminated with linearly polarized light, generate a rotational force that is capable of rotating a silica microdisk that is 4,000 times larger in volume is demonstrated.
Abstract: When Sir William Crookes developed a four-vaned radiometer, also known as the light-mill, in 1873, it was believed that this device confirmed the existence of linear momentum carried by photons, as predicted by Maxwell's equations. Although Reynolds later proved that the torque on the radiometer was caused by thermal transpiration, researchers continued to search for ways to take advantage of the momentum of photons and to use it for generating rotational forces. The ability to provide rotational force at the nanoscale could open up a range of applications in physics, biology and chemistry, including DNA unfolding and sequencing and nanoelectromechanical systems. Here, we demonstrate a nanoscale plasmonic structure that can, when illuminated with linearly polarized light, generate a rotational force that is capable of rotating a silica microdisk that is 4,000 times larger in volume. Furthermore, we can control the rotation velocity and direction by varying the wavelength of the incident light to excite different plasmonic modes.
332 citations
TL;DR: These measurements constrain models in which the galactic-to-extragalactic transition is the cause of the energy spectrum ankle at 4x10(18) eV, and are consistent with a predominantly protonic composition of cosmic rays when interpreted via the Q GSJET01 and QGSJET-II high-energy hadronic interaction models.
Abstract: We report studies of ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray composition via analysis of depth of air shower maximum (${X}_{\mathrm{max} }$), for air shower events collected by the High-Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) observatory. The HiRes data are consistent with a constant elongation rate $d⟨{X}_{\mathrm{max} }⟩/d[\mathrm{log} (E)]$ of $47.9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}6.0(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.2(\mathrm{syst})\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{g}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}/\mathrm{\text{decade}}$ for energies between 1.6 and 63 EeV, and are consistent with a predominantly protonic composition of cosmic rays when interpreted via the QGSJET01 and QGSJET-II high-energy hadronic interaction models. These measurements constrain models in which the galactic-to-extragalactic transition is the cause of the energy spectrum ankle at $4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{18}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$.
305 citations
TL;DR: This work shows that the propagation of SPPs can be manipulated in a prescribed manner by careful control of the dielectric material properties adjacent to a metal, providing a practical way for routing light at very small scales.
Abstract: We propose and demonstrate efficiently molding surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) based on transformation optics. SPPs are surface modes of electromagnetic waves tightly bound at metal-dielectric interfaces, which allow us to scale optics beyond the diffraction limit. Taking advantage of transformation optics, here we show that the propagation of SPPs can be manipulated in a prescribed manner by careful control of the dielectric material properties adjacent to a metal. Since the metal properties are completely unaltered, this methodology provides a practical way for routing light at very small scales. For instance, our approach enables SPPs to travel at uneven and curved surfaces over a broad wavelength range, where SPPs would normally suffer significant scattering losses. In addition, a plasmonic 180° waveguide bend and a plasmonic Luneburg lens with simple designs are presented. The unique design flexibility of the transformational plasmon optics introduced here may open a new door to nano optics and downscaling of photonic circuits.
244 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the gain-assisted plasmonic analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a metallic metamaterial was investigated for the purpose to enhance the sensing performance of the EIT-like PLASmonic structure.
Abstract: The gain-assisted plasmonic analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a metallic metamaterial is investigated for the purpose to enhance the sensing performance of the EIT-like plasmonic structure. The structure is composed of three bars in one unit, two of which are parallel to each other (dark quadrupolar element) but perpendicular to the third bar (bright dipolar element), The results show that, in addition to the high sensitivity to the refractive-index fluctuation of the surrounding medium, the figure of merit for such active EIT-like metamaterials can be greatly enhanced, which is attributed to the amplified narrow transparency peak.
223 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured charged particle pseudorapidity density at the LHC with the ALICE detector at centre-of-mass energies 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV.
Abstract: Charged-particle production was studied in proton-proton collisions collected at the LHC with the ALICE detector at centre-of-mass energies 0.9 TeV and 2.36 TeV in the pseudorapidity range |eta| < 1.4. In the central region (|eta| < 0.5), at 0.9 TeV, we measure charged-particle pseudorapidity density dNch/deta = 3.02 +- 0.01 (stat.) +0.08 -0.05 (syst.) for inelastic interactions, and dNch/deta = 3.58 +- 0.01 (stat.) +0.12 -0.12 (syst.) for non-single-diffractive interactions. At 2.36 TeV, we find dNch/deta = 3.77 +- 0.01 (stat.) +0.25 -0.12 (syst.) for inelastic, and dNch/deta = 4.43 +- 0.01 (stat.) +0.17 -0.12 (syst.) for non-single-diffractive collisions. The relative increase in charged-particle multiplicity from the lower to higher energy is 24.7% +- 0.5% (stat.) +5.7% -2.8% (syst.) for inelastic and 23.7% +- 0.5% (stat.) +4.6% -1.1% (syst.) for non-single-diffractive interactions. This increase is consistent with that reported by the CMS collaboration for non-single-diffractive events and larger than that found by a number of commonly used models. The multiplicity distribution was measured in different pseudorapidity intervals and studied in terms of KNO variables at both energies. The results are compared to proton-antiproton data and to model predictions.
210 citations
TL;DR: This article proposes an efficient algorithm, TEAM, which significantly speeds up epistasis detection for human GWAS, and has broader applicability and is more efficient than existing methods for large sample study.
Abstract: As a promising tool for identifying genetic markers underlying phenotypic differences, genome-wide association study (GWAS) has been extensively investigated in recent years. In GWAS, detecting epistasis (or gene–gene interaction) is preferable over single locus study since many diseases are known to be complex traits. A brute force search is infeasible for epistasis detection in the genomewide scale because of the intensive computational burden. Existing epistasis detection algorithms are designed for dataset consisting of homozygous markers and small sample size. In human study, however, the genotype may be heterozygous, and number of individuals can be up to thousands. Thus, existing methods are not readily applicable to human datasets. In this article, we propose an efficient algorithm, TEAM, which significantly speeds up epistasis detection for human GWAS. Our algorithm is exhaustive, i.e. it does not ignore any epistatic interaction. Utilizing the minimum spanning tree structure, the algorithm incrementally updates the contingency tables for epistatic tests without scanning all individuals. Our algorithm has broader applicability and is more efficient than existing methods for large sample study. It supports any statistical test that is based on contingency tables, and enables both family-wise error rate and false discovery rate controlling. Extensive experiments show that our algorithm only needs to examine a small portion of the individuals to update the contingency tables, and it achieves at least an order of magnitude speed up over the brute force approach.
182 citations
01 Jan 2010
160 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the trapped magnetic resonance was induced in an asymmetric double-bar structure for electromagnetic waves normally incident onto the double bar plane, which mode otherwise cannot be excited if the double bars are equal in length.
Abstract: We demonstrate that the trapped magnetic resonance mode can be induced in an asymmetric double-bar structure for electromagnetic waves normally incident onto the double-bar plane, which mode otherwise cannot be excited if the double bars are equal in length. By adjusting the structural geometry, the trapped magnetic resonance becomes transparent with little resonance absorption when it happens in the dipolar resonance regime, a phenomenon so-called plasmonic analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). This planar EIT-like metamaterial offers a great geometry simplification by combining the radiant and subradiant resonant modes in a single double-bar resonator.
136 citations
TL;DR: It is shown here that neocartilage-derived chondrocytes are unable to stimulate allogeneic T cells in vitro, and they do not constitutively express cell surface molecules required for induction of T cell immune responses, including major histocompatibility complex (MHC) Class II antigens and costimulatory molecules B7-1 and B 7-2.
TL;DR: The data suggest that curcumin selectively induces apoptosis in association with the downregulation of STAT-3 and NF-kappaB signaling pathways in CTCL cells, providing a mechanistic rationale for the potential use ofCurcumin as a therapeutic agent for patients with C TCL.
TL;DR: In this paper, a uniform carbon layer on commercial CFx powder used as cathode material in lithium battery was applied to improve the performance of fluorinated graphite (graphite) in comparison with the cell using un-coated CFx as the cathode.
TL;DR: It is numerically demonstrated that optical negative refraction in ferrofluids containing isotropic Fe3O4 nanoparticles, each having an isotropics Ag shell, in the presence of an external dc magnetic field H, arises from H-induced chains or columns.
Abstract: We numerically demonstrate optical negative refraction in ferrofluids containing isotropic ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ nanoparticles, each having an isotropic Ag shell, in the presence of an external dc magnetic field $H$. The all-angle broadband optical negative refraction with magnetocontrollability arises from $H$-induced chains or columns. They result in hyperbolic equifrequency contour for transverse magnetic waves propagating in the system. The finite element simulations verify the analyses using the effective medium approximation. Experimental demonstration and potential applications are suggested and discussed.
TL;DR: A transformation optics design approach together with an experimental demonstration that takes advantage of this dimensionality by integrating multiple, independent optical elements into a single optical Janus or metadevice.
Abstract: In Roman mythology, the god Janus was depicted with two faces, looking in opposite directions. This led to the phrase ‘‘Janus faced’’ which is mostly used for a ‘‘two-faced’’ or deceitful character of a person. Within integrated photonics a concept like Janus can provide a new class of multi-functional optical meta-elements which could be a key ingredient in achieving compact and high speed photonic systems. While therehave been great strides in the miniaturization of optical elements, such photonic integration largely consists of combining discrete components at the chip level. Here, we present a new approach of designing a single optical element that possesses simultaneously multiple distinct functions. We employ transformation optics to design the optical space and manipulate the light propagation using a metamaterial with spatially varying permittivity. Our experiment demonstrates a single optical ‘‘Janus’’ device that acts as a lens as well as a beam-shifter at the same time. The emerging field of transformation optics has provided a new design methodology allowing an unprecedented manipulation of light propagation, with the optical cloak as the most prominent example. [1,2] However, transformation optics can also be used to enhance the functionality of conventional optical elements. Traditionally, these conventional elements only involve stretching or compressing the optical space in one direction whereas the remaining dimensions in space are unaltered. For example, an optical lens can be interpreted as a result of a simple wavefront transformation that molds the flow of light in a particular direction. A lens works well in one direction whereas light propagating perpendicular to this direction is strongly perturbed. Since space can be modified in two or three dimensions simultaneously, the additional degrees of freedom provided by transformation optics can be used to spatially imprint elements into a single optical Janus or metadevice. Here, we present a transformation optics design approach together with an experimental demonstration that takes advantage of this dimensionality by integrating multiple, independent optical
TL;DR: In this article, a study on the application of the weight function and finite element methods to evaluate residual stress intensity factors in welded test samples was presented, where three specimen geometries and various residual stress profiles were studied.
TL;DR: The authors have found that both the number of spots that have rounding errors and the magnitude of the distortion of the dose distribution from the ideally optimized distribution increases as the field dose, spot spacing, and range decrease and as the SOBP width increases.
Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the effect of monitor unit (MU) constraints on the dose distribution created by intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) treatment planning using single-field optimization (SFO). Methods: Ninety-four energies between 72.5 and 221.8 MeV are available for scanning beam IMPT delivery at our institution. The minimum and maximum MUs for delivering each pencil beam (spot) are 0.005 and 0.04, respectively. These MU constraints are not considered during optimization by the treatment planning system; spots are converted to deliverable MUs during postprocessing. Treatment plans for delivering uniform doses to rectangular volumes with and without MU constraints were generated for different target doses, spot spacings, spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) widths, and ranges in a homogeneous phantom. Four prostate cancer patients were planned with and without MU constraints using different spot spacings. Rounding errors were analyzed using an in-house software tool. Results: From the phantom study, the authors have found that both the number of spots that have rounding errors and the magnitude of the distortion of the dose distribution from the ideally optimized distribution increases as the field dose, spot spacing, and range decrease and as the SOBP width increases. From our study of patient plans, it is clear that asmore » the spot spacing decreases the rounding error increases, and the dose coverage of the target volume becomes unacceptable for very small spot spacings. Conclusions: Constraints on deliverable MU for each spot could create a significant distortion from the ideally optimized dose distributions for IMPT fields using SFO. To eliminate this problem, the treatment planning system should incorporate the MU constraints in the optimization process and the delivery system should reliably delivery smaller minimum MUs.« less
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the generic case of small cosmic-ray deflections and a large number of sources tracing the matter distribution and find that the HiRes data with threshold energies of 40 and 57 EeV are incompatible with the tracer model at a 95% confidence level unless theta is larger than 10 degrees and are compatible with an isotropic flux.
Abstract: Stereo data collected by the HiRes experiment over a six year period are examined for large-scale anisotropy related to the inhomogeneous distribution of matter in the nearby Universe. We consider the generic case of small cosmic-ray deflections and a large number of sources tracing the matter distribution. In this matter tracer model the expected cosmic ray flux depends essentially on a single free parameter, the typical deflection angle theta. We find that the HiRes data with threshold energies of 40 EeV and 57 EeV are incompatible with the matter tracer model at a 95% confidence level unless theta is larger than 10 degrees and are compatible with an isotropic flux. The data set above 10 EeV is compatible with both the matter tracer model and an isotropic flux.
TL;DR: In this article, the HiRes data with threshold energies of 40 and 57 EeV were shown to be incompatible with the tracer model at a 95% confidence level unless the typical deflection angle was > 10 deg and with an isotropic flux.
Abstract: Stereo data collected by the HiRes experiment over a six-year period are examined for large-scale anisotropy related to the inhomogeneous distribution of matter in the nearby universe We consider the generic case of small cosmic-ray deflections and a large number of sources tracing the matter distribution In this matter tracer model the expected cosmic-ray flux depends essentially on a single free parameter, the typical deflection angle {theta} {sub s} We find that the HiRes data with threshold energies of 40 EeV and 57 EeV are incompatible with the matter tracer model at a 95% confidence level unless {theta} {sub s} > 10 deg and are compatible with an isotropic flux The data set above 10 EeV is compatible with both the matter tracer model and an isotropic flux
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that this environmental-asymmetry condition can be introduced dielectrically as well as plasmonically, either resonantly or nonresonantly, which indicates the plas mon coupling between different resonant modes is not responsible for the dark mode excitation.
Abstract: An otherwise dark magnetic dipole resonance in a split-ring resonator can be excited electrically with a Fano-type profile once the symmetric environment for this resonator is broken with respect to the polarized electric-field direction of incident waves. When this asymmetrically induced narrow resonance coincides with a broad dipolar resonance at an identical frequency regime, the metamaterial analogue of electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) window can be formed. We demonstrate that this environmental-asymmetry condition can be introduced dielectrically as well as plasmonically, either resonantly or nonresonantly, which indicates the plasmon coupling between different resonant modes is not responsible for the dark mode excitation. Thus, this result should contribute to the physical understanding on dark-mode excitation pathway for EIT-like phenomenon in plasmonic metamaterials.
TL;DR: In this article, the optical loss compensation via surface plasmon amplification with the assistance of the gain medium of PbS quantum dots was investigated for a bulk left-handed metamaterial with fishnet structure.
Abstract: A bulk left-handed metamaterial with fishnet structure is investigated to show the optical loss compensation via surface plasmon amplification with the assistance of the gain medium of PbS quantum dots. Simultaneously negative permittivity and permeability are confirmed at the telecommunication wavelength (1.5 μm) by the retrieval of the effective electromagnetic property. The dependence of enhanced transmission on the gain coefficient, as well as on the propagation layers, demonstrates that ultralow loss is feasible in bulk left-handed metamaterials.
TL;DR: In this paper, a nanoplasmonic resonator is used to enhance Raman signals in a reproducible manner, enabling fast detection of protease and enzyme activity, such as Prostate Specific Antigen (paPSA), in real-time, at picomolar sensitivity levels.
Abstract: A nanoplasmonic resonator (NPR) comprising a metallic nanodisk with alternating shielding layer(s), having a tagged biomolecule conjugated or tethered to the surface of the nanoplasmonic resonator for highly sensitive measurement of enzymatic activity. NPRs enhance Raman signals in a highly reproducible manner, enabling fast detection of protease and enzyme activity, such as Prostate Specific Antigen (paPSA), in real-time, at picomolar sensitivity levels. Experiments on extracellular fluid (ECF) from paPSA-positive cells demonstrate specific detection in a complex bio-fluid background in real-time single-step detection in very small sample volumes.
TL;DR: This article proposes a general approach, COE, for efficient large scale gene-gene interaction analysis, which supports a wide range of tests and shows that many commonly used statistics are convex functions.
Abstract: The availability of high-density single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) data has made genome-wide association study computationally challenging. Two-locus epistasis (gene-gene interaction) detection has attracted great research interest as a promising method for genetic analysis of complex diseases. In this article, we propose a general approach, COE, for efficient large scale gene-gene interaction analysis, which supports a wide range of tests. In particular, we show that many commonly used statistics are convex functions. From the observed values of the events in two-locus association test, we can develop an upper bound of the test value. Such an upper bound only depends on single-locus test and the genotype of the SNP-pair. We thus group and index SNP-pairs by their genotypes. This indexing structure can benefit the computation of all convex statistics. Utilizing the upper bound and the indexing structure, we can prune most of the SNP-pairs without compromising the optimality of the result. Our approach is especially efficient for large permutation test. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach provides orders of magnitude performance improvement over the brute force approach.
TL;DR: The prevalence of hypertension and metabolic syndrome in southern China is very high, and early identification and treatment of at-risk individuals may help target intervention to improve future cardiovascular health.
Abstract: This was a cross-sectional study to investigate the epidemiology of metabolic syndrome and the distribution of interrelated metabolic abnormalities in different population groups in Guangdong, southern China. Individuals wererecruitedaccordingtothepercentage of different occupational populations in southernChina.Thestudycohortincluded 1206 subjects, and the prevalence and distribution of the components of metabolic syndrome were assessed using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III 2005 criteria. The unadjusted rate of metabolic syndrome was 26.7%, and the prevalences of hypertension and diabetes were 38.0% and 4.3% respectively. Hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity, elevated blood glucose and elevated blood pressure decreased significantly with increasing levels of life stress and anxiety. The prevalence of hypertension and metabolic syndrome in southern China is very high, and early identification and treatment of at-risk individuals may help target intervention toimprovefuturecardiovascularhealth.
TL;DR: The ability to reliably position nanoscale functional objects, specifically quantum dots, with sub-100-nm accuracy, which is several times smaller than the diffraction limit of a quantum dot's emission light is reported.
Abstract: The capability to position individual emitters, such as quantum dots, near metallic nanostructures is highly desirable for constructing active optical devices that can manipulate light at the single photon level. The emergence of the field of plasmonics as a means to confine light now introduces a need for high precision and reliability in positioning any source of emission, which has thus far been elusive. Placing an emission source within the influence of plasmonic structures now requires accuracy approaching molecular length scales. In this paper we report the ability to reliably position nanoscale functional objects, specifically quantum dots, with sub-100-nm accuracy, which is several times smaller than the diffraction limit of a quantum dot's emission light. Electron beam lithography-defined masks on metallic surfaces and a series of surface chemical functionalization processes allow the programmed assembly of DNA-linked colloidal quantum dots. The quantum dots are successfully functionalized to areas as small as (100 nm)(2) using the specific binding of thiolated DNA to Au/Ag, and exploiting the streptavidin-biotin interaction. An analysis of the reproducibility of the process for various pattern sizes shows that this technique is potentially scalable to the single quantum dot level with 50 nm accuracy accompanied by a moderate reduction in yield.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a study of crack growth behavior in aluminium alloys 2324-T39 and 7050-T7451 subjected to flight-by-flight load spectra at different low-stress truncation levels.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that metamaterials with different coupling signs exhibit resonance frequencies that depend only on the number but not the locations of the "twists," thus confirming its topological nature.
Abstract: We experimentally observed a new topological symmetry in optical composites, namely, metamaterials. While it is not found yet in nature materials, the electromagnetic Mobius symmetry discovered in metamaterials is equivalent to the structural symmetry of a Mobius strip, with the number of twists controlled by the sign change of the electromagnetic coupling between the meta-atoms. We further demonstrate that metamaterials with different coupling signs exhibit resonance frequencies that depend only on the number but not the locations of the ''twists,'' thus confirming its topological nature. The new topological symmetry found in metamaterials may enable unique functionalities in optical materials.
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: This paper studies existing topographic maps at large to medium scales, and proposes and discusses a comprehensive typology of building patterns, their distinctions and characteristics, which includes linear alignments, curvilinear, align-along-road alignments and nonlinear clusters.
Abstract: Building patterns are important settlement structures in applications like automated generalization and spatial data mining. Previous investigations have focused on a few types of building patterns (e.g. collinear building alignments); while many other types are less discussed. In order to get better known of the building patterns available in geography, this paper studies existing topographic maps at large to medium scales, and proposes and discusses a comprehensive typology of building patterns, their distinctions and characteristics. The proposed typology includes linear alignments (i.e. collinear, curvilinear, align-along-road alignments) and nonlinear clusters (grid-like and unstructured patterns). We concentrate in this paper on two specific building structures: align-along-road alignment and unstructured clusters. Two graph-theoretic algorithms are presented to detect these two types of building patterns. The approach bases itself on auxiliary data structures such as Delaunay triangulation and minimum spanning trees for clustering; several rules are used to refine the clusters into specific building patterns. Finally, the proposed algorithms are tested against a real topographic dataset of the Netherlands, which shows the potential of the two algorithms.
TL;DR: The high similarity of microbial community structure between co-existed flocculated sludge and granular sludge in GSBR at different operation phases indicated that similar microbial consortium could exist in compact aggregated form or in amorphousFlocculated form.
TL;DR: This work presents what it believes to be the first study of deep subwavelength surface modes in binary metal-dielectric metamaterials by employing anomalous coupling in binary periodicity and shows that strongly confined plasmonic Tamm-like and Shockley-like surface modes can be formed at the termination of the array.
Abstract: We present what we believe to be the first study of deep subwavelength surface modes in binary metal–dielectric metamaterials. By employing anomalous coupling in binary periodicity, peculiar properties of band structure and eigenmode symmetry are obtained. We show that strongly confined plasmonic Tamm-like and Shockley-like surface modes can be formed at the termination of the array. We clarify the character of each surface mode and analyze its unique symmetry with the corresponding band structure.