Abdou Moumouni University

About: Abdou Moumouni University is a education organization based out in Niamey, Niamey, Niger. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Agriculture. The organization has 796 authors who have published 808 publications receiving 17478 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Niamey & Abdou Moumouni Dioffo University.

The CFAF Devaluation, Naira Parallel Exchange Rate and Niger's Competitiveness

Abstract: Niger's competitiveness with Nigeria decreased significantly during the last decade, and the recent CFAF devaluation did not actually result in a sustained real and nominal depreciation of this currency versus the naira in the parallel market. To understand this behavior of the naira/CFA exchange rate, this article builds upon a simple model of arbitrage taking into account two main motives for foreign currency demand by Nigerians (dollar and CFAF): the international trade-via-transit motive and the capital transfer motive. Econometric results from vector error correction model estimates show that the CFAF and the dollar are viewed by Nigerians as very close substitutes, and that this continued even in the aftermath of the August 1993 decision to limit CFAF convertibility and the January 1994 devaluation. Such results, which seem to reflect the substantial role played by the demand for transit import by Nigerians via such CFA countries as Niger, are also used to explain the continuous decline in Niger's competitiveness with regards to Nigeria in terms of locally produced goods. Copyright 1997 by Oxford University Press.

Le maraichage en milieu urbain et periurbain : cas de la ville de n’djamena au tchad

Abstract: This study conducted as part of the Master Food Security and Environmental Sustainability, is on the Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture in the city of N'Djamena through the market gardening sector. It aims to provide elements characterizing this activity. To collect and analyze data, a focus group was conducted with 92 market gardeners about constraints to the development of market gardening followed by individual survey of 61 producers on production techniques. The analysis of the results, with the Excel XLSTAT software, allowed us to characterize the agriculture through the actors, types of spaces, types of crops and the products obtained. It appears from this study that the producers are mostly men (67.21%) with an average age of 35 years. In N'Djamena, market gardening is an activity located in the administrative reserves (34.43%) and private property (65.57%). These holdings, with more or less uniform technical itineraries in all production sites, are highly diversified in terms of price speculation although leafy greens dominate with 47% share of the products obtained. However many problems are an obstacle to development of this sector. The results may enable researchers, NGOs, decision makers and town administrator to have useful information about the importance of this sector.

Production and Diagnostics of Dense Matter

Abstract: High energy lasers are a unique tool to create high pressure states above 10 Mbar at ns time scales, which allow to study material properties under these extreme conditions. These conditions are, for example, comparable with planetary cores, where material properties play an important role for the properties and evolution of a planet. The rapid compression allows also to study dynamic effects of phase transitions as compression times are comparable to relaxation times. We will present recent results of laser compression of iron reaching conditions of so called “super-Earth” cores. A description of the compression schemes as well as present and future diagnostics is presented. (© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

The value of intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay in the surgery of mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenoma (A case series).

Abstract: Background and aims Ectopic parathyroid adenoma is a rare entity. Its clinical management is challenging due to varying locations in the mediastinum. The aim of our study is to report our experience about the preoperative localization of the ectopic parathyroid adenoma and to emphasize the major role of the intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay in such circumstances. Methods It is a monocentric, retrospective study about patients diagnosed with EPA (ectopic parathyroid adenoma) from January 2015 to December 2016. Clinical aspects, preoperative management as well as the surgical procedures have been analyzed. Results There were 7 women, with an average age of 59.14 years. Six patients presented with biological disorders of the phosphocalcic metabolism such as spontaneous bone fracture and recurrent renal lithiasis. In one case, EPA was discovered in the setting of malignant hypercalcemia. The topographic preoperative assessment with a cervicothoracic CT (computed tomography) showed spontaneously hyperdense tissular masses of variable localizations in the mediastinum. A Tc-99 m (99mTc - MIBI) scintigraphy was performed in 5 patients and showed uptake in all cases. We performed cervicotomy in 1 case, manubriotomy in 2 patients, neck manubriotomy in 2 cases, total vertical sternotomy in 1 case, and posterolateral thoracotomy in 1 patient. The lesion was localized in the mediastinum in 1 patient in the perithymic fat in 1 case; EPA was laterotracheal in 1 case, retro tracheal in 1 case, intra-thymic in 2 cases, inter-jugulo-carotidian with contact with the left subclavial artery in 1 case, and anterior mediastinal in 1 patient. The 1-h after-parathormonemia following removal of the surgical specimens showed a decrease value of 45 and 80% of the baseline value. No surgical morbidity was noted after an average follow-up of 7.9 months (range of 5–18 months). Conclusion The preoperative topographic diagnosis of ectopic parathyroid adenoma is challenging for the surgeon despite progress in the morphological assessment. The intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay is a valuable tool for an appropriate surgical management.