Abdou Moumouni University

About: Abdou Moumouni University is a education organization based out in Niamey, Niamey, Niger. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Agriculture. The organization has 796 authors who have published 808 publications receiving 17478 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Niamey & Abdou Moumouni Dioffo University.

Impact of perceptions about children and procreation on family-planning practices

Abstract: Objective: The present study looks at how family-planning (FP) practices might be influenced by perceptions about children and procreation. We hypothesised that adding the perceived value of children and procreation to Ajzen’s 1985 model would improve its predictive power. Method: Two hundred and seventy Nigerian women, 120 living in an urban area and 150 living in a rural area, answered a questionnaire about their use of FP. The questionnaire contained items assessing the variables found in Ajzen’s model (attitude, perceived control, subjective norms, intention) as well as items assessing perceptions about children and procreation. Results: The results confirmed that child-related perceptions improved predictions for both rural and urban women (improvements of 2.4% and 2.8%, respectively). They also had an effect on FP practices. More specifically, the more positive a woman’s perceptions of children, the less inclined she was to engage in FP. Conclusions: Recommendations are made in view of taking this v...

Strain composition and genetic diversity of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae): new insights from seven countries in West Africa

Abstract: The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, a major agricultural insect pest in the Western Hemisphere, currently also poses a significant threat to many cereal crops in Africa. FAW consists of two morphocryptic strains, the corn- and the rice strains, which were thought to display typical genetic, physiological and behavioural features. However, this is not absolutely true, rendering direct identification and distribution of the strains impossible in field. Thus, to investigate 1) the composition and diversity of FAW strains, 2) their distribution at various spatial scales, and 3) the host plants they use, in invaded countries we used the COI barcode fragment, a marker capable of accurately distinguishing the two strains. A total of 125 specimens mainly sampled on maize in Niger and Senegal and to a lesser extent in Guinea, Mali, Togo, Burkina Faso and Cape Verde were analyzed. Sixteen haplotypes were identified among which two occurred very frequently. Phylogenetic analysis delineated two lineages, the rice and corn strains, but no typical geographical and host-plant patterns were found. The FAW-strain haplotypes derived from West African specimens were genetically comparable with those sampled elsewhere in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Considering all sites and plants sampled, the corn strain slightly predominated but on maize, the two strains were statistically comparable. Their distribution is largely sympatric at region, field and even maize plant scales. These findings are compared to populations recorded elsewhere and are discussed in the framework of biological invasions, and the management and ecology of the species.

Reversible Fragile Watermarking Scheme for Relational Database Based on Prediction-Error Expansion

Abstract: The protection of database systems content using digital watermarking is nowadays an emerging research direction in information security. In the literature, many solutions have been proposed either for copyright protection and ownership proofing or integrity checking and tamper localization. Nevertheless, most of them are distortion embedding based as they introduce permanent errors into the cover data during the encoding process, which inevitably affect data quality and usability. Since such distortions are not tolerated in many applications, including banking, medical, and military data, reversible watermarking, primarily designed for multimedia content, has been extended to relational databases. In this article, we propose a novel prediction-error expansion based on reversible watermarking strategy, which not only detects and localizes malicious modifications but also recovers back the original data at watermark detection. The effectiveness of the proposed method is proved through rigorous theoretical analysis and detailed experiments.

Caractérisation Physico-Chimique Des Eaux Souterraines Du Socle De La Région De Zinder (Niger) Pendant La Saison Des Pluies Et La Saison Sèche

Abstract: Agriculture and livestock are the main socio-economic activities of the population of the Zinder region (Niger). However, these activities have negative impacts on groundwater quality, which is the main source of water supply for this population. In this work, the physicochemical quality of the waters of the Socle of the Zinder region was studied during the rainy and dry seasons. Twenty-four samples were the subject of a physico-chemical analysis. The data obtained were processed by the hydrochemical method by the Diagram software and the principal component analysis by the XLSTAT software. Of the waters analyzed, 83% have normal pH values (6.5 - 8.5) and 17% acid pH <6.5 during both seasons. The nitrate levels of Yekoua (62.04 and 63.36 mg.L-1), Dan Ladi (123.64 and 146.96 mg.L-1), Bourbourwa (64.65 and 80.08 mg.L -1) and Kazoe (130.68 and 124.52 mg.L-1) and fluoride of Kazoe (1.5 mg.L-1), Midik (1.6 mg.L-1) and Bourbourwa (2.98 mg.L-1) during both seasons are abnormal. Four facies characterize the analyzed waters, with a predominance of bicarbonated calci-magnesian(42%) during the rainy season, calci-magnesian bicarbonate (41.7%) and calci-magnesium chloride (41.7%) during the dry season. The residence time by hydrolysis and alteration of silicate rocks and the pluviolessivage of soils are the main mechanisms that govern the mineralization of these waters. These grades, call for remediation treatments. Clays could be promoters for this treatment because they are very available and less expensive.

Caractérisation de la chèvre du sahel au Niger par analyse des indices biométriques et des paramètres phénotypiques quantitatifs

Abstract: Tres repandue en Afrique seche, la chevre du sahel represente environ 80% du troupeau caprin Nigerien. Conformement aux orientations nationales au Niger et dans la perspective d’une meilleure gestion de cette ressource genetique aux niveaux local et national des travaux de caracterisation phenotypique de la race ont ete conduits au Nord-Ouest du pays de juillet 2011 a mai 2012. Sur la base de l’adhesion volontaire des eleveurs, des investigations de caracterisation des parametres quantitatifs (hauteur au garrot et a la croupe, tour de poitrine, profondeur du thorax, largeur du bassin et longueurs du corps, des cornes et des oreilles) ont concerne 443 caprins (77% de femelle, 39% ayant 4 paires d’incisives permanentes) repartis dans 145 exploitations, 60 sites (7,38 ± 6,87 tetes/site), dans les regions de Tillaberi, Tahoua et Niamey. L’analyse des indices biometriques couplee a l’analyse des variances (ANOVA) et des analyses multivariees (ACP, AFD) ont fait ressortir que le cheptel caprin dans cette zone comporte quatre sous types morphologiques (Tillaberi,Tahoua, Niamey et un sous type intermediaire Niamey-Tillaberi). Du fait de la coexistence a Niamey de plusieurs races (locales et exotiques) et son corolaire le brassage genetique, la chevre du sahel correspondrait a deux sous types: celui de Tillaberi de grande taille (64,98 ± 6,77 cm au garrot et 68,27 ± 5,91 cm a la croupe) a oreilles et cornes longues (20,3 ± 3,08 et 14,75 ± 4,43 cm respectivement) et de Tahoua egalement de grande taille (60,71 ± 10,81 cm au garrot et 62,46 ± 10,65 cm a la croupe) a oreilles et cornes courtes (12,32 ± 3,62 cm et 9,95 ± 4,01 cm respectivement)