Showing papers by "Abdou Moumouni University published in 2013"

Seroprevalence and potential risk factors for Brucella spp. infection in traditional cattle, sheep and goats reared in urban, periurban and rural areas of Niger.

Abstract: Introduction In Niamey, Niger, interactions within the interface between animals, humans and the environment induce a potential risk of brucellosis transmission between animals and from animals to humans. Currently, little is known about the transmission of Brucella in this context. Results 5,192 animals from 681 herds were included in the study. Serum samples and hygroma fluids were collected. A household survey enabled to identify the risk factors for transmission of brucellosis. The true adjusted herd-level prevalence of brucellosis ranged between 11.2% and 17.2% and the true adjusted animal-population level prevalence was 1.3% (95% CI: 0.9–1.8%) based on indirect ELISA test for Brucella antibodies. Animals aged of 1–4 years were found to be more susceptible than animals less than 1 year old (Odds ratio [OR] of 2.7; 95% CI: 1.43–5.28). For cattle, the odds of brucellosis seropositivity were higher in rural compared to the periurban areas (OR of 2.8; 95% CI: 1.48–5.17) whereas for small ruminants the risk of seropositivity appeared to be higher in urban compared to periurban areas (OR of 5.5; 95% CI: 1.48–20.38). At herd level, the risk of transmission was increased by transhumance (OR of 5.4; 95% CI: 2.84–10.41), the occurrence of abortions (OR of 3.0; 95% CI: 1.40–6.41), and for herds having more than 50 animals (OR of 11.0; 95% CI: 3.75–32.46). Brucella abortus biovar 3 was isolated from the hygromas. Conclusion brucellosis in Niger is a serious problem among cattle especially in the rural areas around Niamey and among sheep in the urban areas of Niamey. The seroprevalence varies across strata and animal species with important risk factors including herd size, abortion and transhumance at herd level and age at animal population level. For effective control of brucellosis, an integrated approach seems appropriate involving all stakeholders working in public and animal health.

Elimination and Eradication of Neglected Tropical Diseases with Mass Drug Administrations: A Survey of Experts

Abstract: Background Lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminths, and trachoma are the five most prevalent neglected tropical diseases in the world, and each is frequently treated with mass drug administrations. We performed a survey of neglected tropical diseases experts to elicit their opinions on the role of mass drug administrations for the elimination of these infections.

Intersectoral collaboration between the medical and veterinary professions in low-resource societies: The role of research and training institutions.

Abstract: While veterinarians have been the main driver of the One Health initiative, the medical profession does not seem to be fully aware of how veterinary science can contribute to human public health. It was postulated that transdisciplinarity could help fill knowledge gaps and that encouraging such transdisciplinarity should start with undergraduate students. Furthermore, intersectoral collaboration on zoonoses should not ignore the social sciences (e.g. assessment of indigenous knowledge and perception; participatory surveillance), which can contribute to a better understanding of the transmission of diseases and improve communities' participation in disease control activities.

Toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in urban rodents: a survey in Niamey, Niger

Abstract: A serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii was conducted on 766 domestic and peridomestic rodents from 46 trapping sites throughout the city of Niamey, Niger. A low seroprevalence was found over the whole town with only 1.96% of the rodents found seropositive. However, differences between species were important, ranging from less than 2% in truly commensal Mastomys natalensis, Rattus rattus and Mus musculus, while garden-associated Arvicanthis niloticus displayed 9.1% of seropositive individuals. This is in line with previous studies on tropical rodents - that we reviewed here - which altogether show that Toxoplasma seroprevalence in rodent is highly variable, depending on many factors such as locality and/or species. Moreover, although we were not able to decipher statistically between habitat or species effect, such a contrast between Nile grass rats and the other rodent species points towards a potentially important role of environmental toxoplasmic infection. This would deserve to be further scrutinised since intra-city irrigated cultures are extending in Niamey, thus potentially increasing Toxoplasma circulation in this yet semi-arid region. As far as we are aware of, our study is one of the rare surveys of its kind performed in Sub-Saharan Africa and the first one ever conducted in the Sahel.

The vertebrate fauna of the Upper Permian of Niger—VII. Cranial anatomy and relationships of Bunostegos akokanensis (Pareiasauria)

Abstract: We describe newly recovered cranial material of Bunostegos akokanensis, a pareiasaurian reptile known from the Upper Permian Moradi Formation of northern Niger. Bunostegos is highly autapomorphic, with diagnostic cranial features including two or three hemispherical bosses located above and between the external nares; laterally projecting supraorbital ‘horn’ formed by an enlarged postfrontal; large foramen present on ventral surface of postfrontal; and hemispherical supratemporal boss located at posterolateral corner of skull roof. We addressed the phylogenetic position of Bunostegos by incorporating it into a cladistic analysis of 29 parareptilian taxa (including all 21 currently valid pareiasaurs) and 127 cranial and postcranial characters. The results of this analysis place Bunostegos as more derived than middle Permian forms such as Bradysaurus and as the sister taxon to the clade including Deltavjatia plus Velosauria. Certain characters, such as the pattern of cranial ornamentation and the s...

Highlighting the occurrence of tetraploidy in Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. and genetic variation patterns in its natural range revealed by DNA microsatellite markers

Abstract: Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. is the main species producing the internationally traded gum arabic. Genetic studies of this species are rare and until now the chromosome number was thought to be diploid (2n = 2x = 26). Here, using chromosome number counting, we demonstrate for the first time that tetraploids (2n = 4x = 52) also occur in A. senegal. Nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers were used to estimate and compare genetic variation within this newly described polyploidy complex in the Sudano-Sahelian region in Africa. Genetic diversity was higher in diploids, suggesting that the formation of tetraploids is recent and that mutation–drift equilibrium has not yet been reached. The two cytotypes do not have the same genetic structure and are genetically differentiated. Among tetraploids, populations are greatly differentiated and do not share the same chlorotypes. Based on these results, we discuss recurrent formation of tetraploids from different diploid progenitors across the distribution range of A. senegal in the Sudano-Sahelian zone.

A cluster-randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of mass azithromycin treatment on growth and nutrition in Niger.

Abstract: Antimicrobials are used primarily to treat infectious disease, but they have other effects. Here, we assess anthropometry measurements in children 6-60 months in 24 communities randomized to one or two mass azithromycin distributions over a 1-year period in Niger. We compared the prevalence of wasting, low mid-upper arm circumference, stunting, and underweight in communities in the two treatment arms. We were unable to prove that there was a difference in the prevalence of wasting in the 12 communities that received one mass azithromycin distribution versus the 12 communities that received two mass azithromycin distributions (odds ratio = 0.75, 95% confidence interval = 0.46-1.23). Likewise, we were unable to detect a difference in the two treatment arms for low mid-upper arm circumference, stunting, and underweight. There may not be an association between antibiotic use and improved growth in humans, or this trial was not powerful enough to detect an association if it exists.

Profil épidémiologique et anatomopathologique du cancer du sein au Niger

Abstract: Les cancers du sein au Niger demeurent un reel probleme de sante publique en l’absence de politique de sante adequate et adaptee pour leur diagnostic precoce et leur prise en charge souvent tardive, voire inexistante. Notre etude retrospective (1992–2009) et descriptive a ete menee au laboratoire d’anatomie et cytologie pathologiques de la faculte des sciences de la sante de Niamey. Son objectif principal est de mettre en evidence et de preciser les aspects epidemiologiques du cancer du sein au Niger. Il ressort de ce travail que le cancer du sein represente 16,51 % de tous les cancers colliges sur la periode d’etude et 27,36 % des cancers feminins. Il est diagnostique a un âge moyen de 44,10 ans chez la femme, environ une decennie plus tot que chez les femmes arabes et europeennes. Chez l’homme, le cancer du sein a ete diagnostique a un âge moyen de 49,19 ans. La tranche d’âge 40–49 ans concentre la majorite des femmes affectees par cette pathologie. 68,9 % des patients venaient de la region de Niamey du fait de la concentration des differentes structures sanitaires de niveau tertiaire dans cette region. Les examens anatomopathologiques ont permis de diagnostiquer 47,3 % de ces cancers avec predominance des carcinomes (46,17 %). L’incidence variait entre 0,0023 ‰ en 1992 et 0,0110 ‰ en 2009.

Oro-Gustatory Perception of Dietary Lipids and Calcium Signaling in Taste Bud Cells Are Altered in Nutritionally Obesity-Prone Psammomys obesus

Abstract: Since the increasing prevalence of obesity is one of the major health problems of the modern era, understanding the mechanisms of oro-gustatory detection of dietary fat is critical for the prevention and treatment of obesity. We have conducted the present study on Psammomys obesus, the rodent desert gerbil which is a unique polygenic natural animal model of obesity. Our results show that obese animals exhibit a strong preference for lipid solutions in a two-bottle test. Interestingly, the expression of CD36, a lipido-receptor, in taste buds cells (TBC), isolated from circumvallate papillae, was decreased at mRNA level, but remained unaltered at protein level, in obese animals. We further studied the effects of linoleic acid (LA), a long-chain fatty acid, on the increases in free intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentrations, [Ca2+]i, in the TBC of P. obesus. LA induced increases in [Ca2+]i, largely via CD36, from intracellular pool, followed by the opening of store-operated Ca2+ (SOC) channels in the TBC of these animals. The action of this fatty acid on the increases in [Ca2+]i was higher in obese animals than that in controls. However, the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, studied also by employing thapsigargin, was lower in TBC of obese animals than control rodents. In this study, we show, for the first time, that increased lipid intake and altered Ca2+ signaling in TBC are associated with obesity in Psammomys obesus.

Épidémiologie des cancers au Niger, 1992 à 2009

Abstract: The present study aims to determine the various epidemiological characteristics of cancers in Niger from 1992 to 2009. It is a retrospective and descriptive study led from the data of the National cancers Register of Niger country between 1992 and 2009. During that period, 7,031 cases of cancers were collected. The number of registered patients suffering from cancers significantly increased, from 186 cases in 1992 to 646 cases in 2009. The ascendancy was feminine with a sex-ratio of 1.40. The average age was of 43 ± 17.53 years. The majority of the patients (70.2%) lived from the Niamey area. The breast cancer (27.36%) was the most frequent feminine cancer, followed by the cervical cancer (13.41%) and ovary cancer (8.83%). The main localizations in the man were the liver (19%), the skin (8.04%) and the bladder (4.92%). Approximately 7% of the registered cases are due to the child's cancers. The cancer's diagnosis of confirmation represented 42%; the carcinomas constituted (27.03%) the most frequent histological type. The Burkitt lymphoma (15.1%) was the most histological entity met in the child.

Land‐Use Change and Infectious Disease in West Africa

Abstract: Land-use change has been associated with changes in the dynamics of infectious disease in West Africa. Here we describe the complex interactions of land-use change with three diseases (both vector- and non-vector-borne) of considerable public health significance in this region, namely, malaria and irrigation; epidemic meningitis and land degradation; onchocerciasis and deforestation. We highlight the confounding effect of climate variability, which acts as a driver of both land-use change and human health. We conclude, as have others, that the scale of observation always matters, and complex and dynamic feedbacks among social-ecological systems are not easily teased apart. We suggest that in order to establish the causal chain of interactions between land-use change and human health outcomes two approaches are necessary. The first is to have a thorough understanding of the aetiology of disease and the specific mechanisms by which land-use and climate variability affect the transmission of pathogens. This is achieved by focused, detailed studies encompassing a wide range of potential drivers, which are inevitably small scale and often cover short time periods. The second consists of large-scale studies of statistical associations between transmission indices or health outcomes and environmental variables stratified by known ecological or socio-economic confounders, and sufficient in size to overcome local biases in results. Such research activities need to be designed to inform each other if we are to develop predictive models for monitoring these diseases and to develop integrated programs for human health and sustainable land use.

Evaluation de la Contamination des Sols par les Elements Traces Metalliques dans les Zones Urbaines et Periurbaines de la Ville de Niamey ( Niger )

Abstract: La presente etude s’inscrit dans un programme de recherche sur les contaminants chi miques en zones urbaines, et porte sur la determination des elements traces metalliques (ETM) dans les sols de la vi lle de Niamey. Pour cela, des echantillons des sols ont ete preleves sur 10 sites urbains dont 1 site temoin isole de toute source de pollut ion, et leurs teneurs en ETM (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb et Zn) ont ete determinees par spectrometrie de masse avec plasma a couplage inductif (ICP - MS). Les resultats obtenus montrent que les concentrations totales en ETM dans les sols different en fonction du site et du metal considere. Elles varient de 1,36 a 13,70 mg/kg pour l’As ; 0,23 a 1,79 mg/kg pour le Cd ; 2,36 a 19,13 mg/kg pour le Co ; 26,26 a 71,11 mg/kg pour le Cr ; 8,24 a 228,30 mg/kg pour le Cu ; 8,67 a 50, 71 mg/kg pour le Ni ; 8,91 a 779,91 mg/ kg pour le Pb et de 61,51 a 12220 mg/kg pour le Zn. Dans les sols urbains de Niamey, la detection des metaux comme le Pb, le Cu, et le Zn, qui ont des effets nefastes sur la sante humaine, a des concentrations au dessus des limites autorisees, est une sour ce d’inquietude concernant leur transfert dans la chaine alimentaire. Les resultats de la presente etud e devraient permettre aux autorites de la ville de Niamey de prendre des mesures visant la prevention des risque s, notamment en reglementant les types de cultures en fonction du niveau de contamination des sols ou en interdisant l’usage a des fins agricoles des sols, dont les teneurs en ETM depassent les seuils regl ementaires.

Common challenges in gum arabic production and commercialization in West Africa: a comparative study of Cameroon, Niger and Senegal

Abstract: As gum arabic is widely used in food and non-food industries, demand is high all over the world. Still, smaller production countries in West Africa such as Cameroon, Niger and Senegal seem to have so many difficulties producing and commercializing gum arabic that their market shares have declined significantly over the years despite their production potential. This paper reviews the development of the gum arabic market chains in Cameroon, Niger and Senegal, in order to evaluate the limiting factors and identify appropriate strategies to the sector progress. The main challenges in production and commercialization are limited knowledge and management of resources, pricing and quality. Some of the general strategies that could improve performance are the professionalization of the sector, the integration of Acacia senegal development into rural economic activities, capacity building for producers and other actors, and the organization of the marketing system.

Change in water loss regulation after canopy clearcut of a dominant shrub in Sahelian agrosystems, Guiera senegalensis J. F. Gmel

Abstract: This paper analyzes the effect of the canopy age of Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel on water regulation processes and adaptative strategy to drought over a period of 2 years. The species is widespread in the agricultural Sahel. Before sowing, farmers cut back the shrubs to limit competition with crops. The stumps resprout after the millet harvest. Leaf water potential and stomatal conductance were measured in two fallows and in the two adjacent cultivated fields. Leaf transpiration rate and soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance were deduced. The decrease in both stomatal and plant hydraulic conductance caused by seasonal drought was greater in mature shrubs than in current year resprouts. The decrease in predawn and midday leaf water potentials in response to seasonal drought was isohydrodynamic, and it was greater in mature shrubs, suggesting that current year resprouts are under less stress. In resprouts, the leaf transpiration rate stopped increasing beyond a hydraulic conductance threshold of 0.05 mol. m−2 s−1 MPa−1. Vulnerability to cavitation was determined on segments of stems in the laboratory. The leaf water potential value at which stomatal closure occurred was −2.99 ± 0.68 MPa, which corresponded to a 30 % loss in xylem conductivity. Thanks to its positive safety margin of 0.6 MPa, G. senegalensis can survive above this value. The observed strategy places G. senegalensis among the non-extreme xeric plants, leading us to suppose that this species will be vulnerable to the expected increase in regional drought.

Structure and genetic diversity of Ixora margaretae an endangered species A baseline study for conservation and restoration of natural dry forest of New Caledonia

Abstract: The dry forests of New Caledonia are an excep- tional ecosystem because of their numerous endemic botan- ical species and their highly diversified fauna of insects, mollusks, reptiles and birds. Unfortunately, the area of the dry forests has been significantly reduced, mainly by human activities. Ecological, phenological and genetic analysis of Ixora margaretae, a symbolic species of the sclerophyll forest, has revealed contrasting traits among natural stands. The division of the natural range and then the separation of forest islands has greatly reduced the existing genetic vari- ability of this species. The genetic diversity is strongly structured in genetic clusters which correspond well to spe- cific ecotypes according to the environmental conditions and the forest types. Furthermore, genetic analysis of the reproductive and non-reproductive trees as well the half- sib families obtained by complete protection of mother trees has revealed substantial genetic drift which has resulted in increased loss of allelic variability. The total consumption of seeds by mainly rats confirms the ob- served absence of natural regeneration. All these results show that measures taken to protect the stands of dry forests will not be enough to maintain sufficient genetic variability of I. margaretae populations in the long term. Assisted regeneration with control of the increase in var- iability will be necessary to maintain the biodiversity of the species. The results obtained for I. margaretae must be confirmed with other symbolic species in order to take the necessary measures for the effective preservation of the dry forests in New Caledonia.

Embedded Discourses: Nigerien Academic Contributions to Land Use Change Research Since the 1960s

Abstract: On the basis of a systematic screening of research papers, this study explores the land use and land cover change research priorities of scholars from Niger since independence. It investigates how key interests have evolved over time with regard to what issues are considered important as well as the researchers’ assessments of changes in the Sahel and their driving forces. In doing so a) it identifies the dominant characterization of land changes and their implication, and b) it explores the possible change over time with regard to focus of interest in the national science community. The available pool of scientific publications is screened by use of a meta-study approach, followed by a hierarchical cluster analysis of identified key variables, to synthesize existing knowledge. The meta-study reveals that no land research was communicated through scholarly papers before the early 1990s. Since 1994, the Nigerien academic research on land change has documented a diverse range of changes (e.g. expansion, intensification, conservation, tenure); yet the material cannot support general conclusions about dominant trajectories of change. Different human-environmental discourses have influenced the research questions in different regions and time periods, with implications for the problems addressed in specific case studies. It is concluded that the collective insight into land change processes reveals land system complexities rather than generic trends.

Effect of agro-ecological zones and contiguous basin crops of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) on the structuring and genetic diversity of Caryedon serratus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) in the sub-region of West Africa

Abstract: Caryedon serratus is found in different agro-ecological and agro-climatic zones, and its damage to groundnuts can vary up to an 80% quantitative loss of yield. This study seeks to demonstrate the effects of different agro-ecological refer to so as to very quickly process the content zones and the presence or absence of groundnut cultivation on the structure and genetic distribution of C. serratus in West Africa. Portions of the cytochrome b and 28S ribosomal genes of C. serratus were sequenced, using samples from four countries that represent different agro-ecological and agro-climatic sub-regions of West Africa. The results showed 37 haplotypes for the cytochrome b and 7 haplotypes for the 28S ribosomal gene. Although genetic diversity was different between agro-ecological zones tests show no significant differences in structuring according to agro-ecological zone. These tests, as well as the phylogenetic relationships that our results imply, indicate that there is a genetic differentiation between individuals from groundnut culturing areas compared to those from areas where the cultivation of groundnuts is absent or low.

Effects of temperature and pH on mycelium growth of Phoma sorghina (Sacc.) Boerema Dorenbosch and Van Kesteren in vitro.

Abstract: The effects of temperatures 22, 28, 32, 36 and 40 degrees C and those of pH 5, 6.5 and 6 were evaluated on 11 isolates of P. sorghina on malt agar medium. The optimal mycelium growth of the most isolates is noted at 28 degrees C. At 32 degrees C, we have recorded a significant reduction of mycelium growth of all the isolates tested when compared with the control at 22 degrees C. At this same temperature, P. sorghina isolates can be group on sensitive isolates, on moderately isolates and on resistant isolates to temperature. The mycelium growth of all the isolates is inhibited at 36 degrees C. On the other hand, the temperature of 40 degrees C kills the mycelium of all the isolates of P. sorghina. The results of our work also show that, least variation of pH (6.5-6) significantly reduced the mycelium growth of P. sorghina isolates at 22 and 28 degrees C. At pH 5 most of the isolates tested are well adapted and the mycelium growth is more important when compare with that at pH 6.

Étude du sentiment d’auto-efficacité des enseignants du secondaire au Niger à l’égard de l’ordinateur

Abstract: L’article traite du sentiment d’auto-efficacite des enseignants du lycee relativement a l’ordinateur Cette etude apparait capitale, car les TIC peuvent ameliorer la qualite de l’education Cependant, la non-qualification des enseignants retarde l’integration pedagogique de celles-ci Un questionnaire soumis a 69 enseignants a permis de comparer leur sentiment d’auto-efficacite envers l’utilisation du traitement de texte et l’usage de diverses autres applications technologiques Une recherche quantitative a partir de l’adaptation du Computer Self-Efficacy Scale revele une difference de perceptions de niveaux d’habiletes techniques entre enseignants formes aux TIC et non formes

An agro-economic characterization of the Niger household : case of Tahoua

Abstract: Since the big drought of 1984, the department of Tahoua in the Republic of Niger is very vulnerable to structural and temporal disruptions. The food vulnerability is defined as “the analysis of coping strategies and reactions faced with the structural or/and temporary shocks, if the coping strategies are not effectives, the people are in a temporary or structural situation of food vulnerability” (Andres and Lebailly, 2011a; Andres, 2012). The environment is much degraded by the wind and water erosion. Despite many opportunities to develop the rural sector, the region of Tahoua has a structural problem because the income is not very high and the major part of the population is poor. This paper analyzes the characteristics of households in function of the food system. The target is to classify the population in relation to the food agricultural systems. A global description is defined and characterized for the agricultural system. The paper is based on a survey realized during 2010 and 2011. The investigators have interviewed 420 heads of household. The results are analyzed by Excel and SPSS software. The statistical analysis is a comparison of averages and the descriptive statistics. The results show a difference between the north (pastoral) and the south (agricultural) of the region of Tahoua, especially, for the production of cowpea, the number of tropical livestock units, the number of fields. Furthermore, the systemic view is very important to identify the specific constraints and opportunities of each food system.

Le dromadaire profite-t-il du changement climatique ?

Abstract: Le dromadaire est un animal emblematique des ecosystemes desertiques auxquels sa physiologie remarquable lui permet de s’adapter (Yagil, 1985 ; Wilson, 1989) : il resiste aussi bien a la chaleur et a la deshydratation (Bengoumi et Faye, 2002) qu’a la sous-nutrition proteo-energetique (Bengoumi et al., 2005) et minerale (Faye et Bengoumi, 2000) en pratiquant un pâturage ambulatoire (Richard et al., 1985a) et se satisfaisant de ressources de maigre qualite (Chehma et al., 2010).

La dépression et de l'anxiété chez les patients en hémodialyse chronique à l'Hôpital national de Lamordé (Niger) : Prévalence et moment de survenue au cours de la vie en hémodialyse

Abstract: Resume Objectif : le but de l’etude etait de contribuer a l’identification des besoins psychologiques des patients traites par hemodialyse chronique. Il a vise principalement l’evaluation des troubles anxieux et depressifs et, secondairement, la determination de leur moment de survenue au cours de la vie en hemodialyse chronique. Patients et methode : l’etude a ete realisee dans le service de nephrologie de l’HNL en mai 2011. L’echantillon a ete constitue de patients traites par hemodialyse chronique consentant pour participer a l’etude. Les variables de l’etude etaient sociodemographiques et temporelles (duree de l’evolution de la maladie renale et duree de vie en hemodialyse chronique). Pour evaluer l’anxiete et la depression, le Hospital Anxiety and Depressive Scale (HADS) de Zigmond et Snaith a ete utilise. Pour l’analyse, les variables explicatives etaient l’âge, le sexe, le statut matrimonial, le niveau d’education et la duree moyenne de vie en hemodialyse chronique. La depression et l’anxiete etaient les variables expliquees. L’analyse statistique etait basee sur le calcul des moyennes, minimum, maximum, ecart-type, tests de Fischer, de Pearson et d’Anova. Le seuil de significativite a ete fixe a 5 %. Resultats : l’echantillon representait 92,68 % de la population de l’etude. 77,6 % des patients ne presentaient pas d’etat anxieux (groupe A1), 7,9 % presentaient un etat anxieux douteux (groupe A2) et 14,5 % un etat anxieux certain (groupe A3) ; en ce qui concerne la depression, 57,9 % ne presentaient pas d’etat depressif (groupe D1), 18,4 % presentaient un etat depressif douteux (groupe D2) et 23,7 % un etat depressif certain (groupe D3). L’âge moyen des patients etait de 45,49±16,32 ans. La duree de vie moyenne en hemodialyse des patients etait de 25,91±25,15 mois. Il y avait une correlation negative entre la duree de vie en hemodialyse chronique et les scores d’anxiete (r = -0,318, p = 0,005) et de depression (r = -0,355, 1 p = 0,002). La difference significative se situait entre la duree moyenne de vie en hemodialyse chronique du groupe A1 et du groupe A3 (p = 0,009) et entre le groupe D1 et le groupe D3 (p = 0,001). Conclusion : les troubles anxieux et depressifs sont notes au debut de la vie en hemodialyse chronique ; indiquant par consequent, le moment de soutien psychologique.