Florida Atlantic University

About: Florida Atlantic University is a education organization based out in Boca Raton, Florida, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 7788 authors who have published 19830 publications receiving 535694 citations. The organization is also known as: FAU & Florida Atlantic.

Knowledge discovery from imbalanced and noisy data

Abstract: Class imbalance and labeling errors present significant challenges to data mining and knowledge discovery applications. Some previous work has discussed these important topics, however the relationship between these two issues has not received enough attention. Further, much of the previous work in this domain is fragmented and contradictory, leading to serious questions regarding the reliability and validity of the empirical conclusions. In response to these issues, we present a comprehensive suite of experiments carefully designed to provide conclusive, reliable, and significant results on the problem of learning from noisy and imbalanced data. Noise is shown to significantly impact all of the learners considered in this work, and a particularly important factor is the class in which the noise is located (which, as discussed throughout this work, has very important implications to noise handling). The impacts of noise, however, vary dramatically depending on the learning algorithm and simple algorithms such as naive Bayes and nearest neighbor learners are often more robust than more complex learners such as support vector machines or random forests. Sampling techniques, which are often used to alleviate the adverse impacts of imbalanced data, are shown to improve the performance of learners built from noisy and imbalanced data. In particular, simple sampling techniques such as random undersampling are generally the most effective.

Contrasting strategies for anoxic brain survival - glycolysis up or down

Abstract: Anoxia-tolerant turtles and carp (Carassius) exhibit contrasting strategies for anoxic brain survival In the turtle brain, the energy consumption is deeply depressed to the extent of producing a comatose-like state Brain metabolic depression is brought about by activating channel arrest to reduce ion flux and through the release of inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the upregulation of GABAA receptors Key glycolytic enzymes are down-regulated during prolonged anoxia The result is a suppression of neurotransmission and a substantial depression in brain electrical activity By contrast, Carassius remain active during anoxia, though at a reduced level As in the turtle, there is an adenosine-mediated increase in brain blood flow but, in contrast to the turtle, this increase is sustained throughout the anoxic period Key glycolytic enzymes are up-regulated and anaerobic glycolysis is enhanced There is no evidence of channel arrest in Carassius brain The probable result is that electrical activity in the brain is not suppressed but instead maintained at a level sufficient to regulate and control the locomotory and sensory activities of the anoxic carp The key adaptations permitting the continued high level of glycolysis in Carassius are the production and excretion of ethanol as the glycolytic end-product, which avoids self-pollution by lactate produced during glycolysis that occurs in other vertebrates