Imperial Chemical Industries

About: Imperial Chemical Industries is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Alkyl & Catalysis. The organization has 8189 authors who have published 7809 publications receiving 190252 citations. The organization is also known as: Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd.

The Acute Toxicity and Bioaccumulation of Some Lead Alkyl Compounds in Marine Animals

Abstract: The acute toxicity of a range of alkyl lead compounds including tetra methyl and tetra ethyl lead and their tri alkyl and di alkyl degradation products has been determined with four marine phyla. An alga ( Phaeodactylum tricornutum ), a mollusc ( Mytilus edulis ), a crustacean ( Crangon crangon ) and a fish ( Pleuronectes platessa ). The accumulation of the relatively stable trialkyl lead compounds has also been determined in a mollusc ( Mytilus edulis ) and a fish ( Limanda limanda ). The evidence suggests that the major environmental impact of a release of tetra methyl or tetra ethyl lead into the marine environment is likely to be due to acutely toxic effects rather than to those of bioaccumulation.

Polymerisation of vinyl monomers by transition metal benzyl compounds. Part I. Initial observations

Abstract: A range of stable transition metal alkyl compounds of given formula M(CH2X)4(M = Zr, Ti, Hf) exhibit polymerisation activity in the absence of light towards certain vinyl monomers, e.g., styrene, p-bromostyrene, methyl methacrylate and ethylene. Rates of polymerisation increase markedly on exposure to light at wavelengths between 450 and 600 nm. It has been established that these polymerisations are probably of the coordinated anionic type. At wavelengths below 450 nm the polymerisation is dominated by a radical process, the radicals being produced by the photolysis of the catalyst (zirconium tetrabenzyl). Eine Reihe von stabilen Ubergangsmetall-Alkyl-Verbindungen von Typ M(CH2X) (M = Zr, Ti, Hf) wirken als Katalysatoren fur die Polymerisation verschiedener Vinylverbindungen, z.B. von Styrol, p-Bromstyrol, Methylmethacrylat und Athylen. Die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeiten werden durch Licht der Wellenlangen 450 bis 600 nm deutlich gesteigert; dabei handelt es sich offenbar um einen Polymerisationsmechanismus vom koordiniert-anionischen Typus. Bei Wellenlangen unterhalb von 450 nm werden durch Photolyse des Katalysators (Zirkontetrabenzyl) Radikale gebildet; dementsprechend verlauft die Polymerisation dann radikalisch.

Composite heat-sealable films

Abstract: A multiple-layer heat-sealable film comprising a polyolefin substrate layer having on at least one surface thereof a heat-sealable layer comprising a random copolymer of propylene with from greater than 4 to 10 wt% of ethylene, the copolymer having a degree of randomness of greater than 2.5.

Color multiplexing passive sensor array

Abstract: Apparatus for gathering data about a plurality of chemical or physical conditions, e.g. on industrial plants, utilizes a plurality of passive optical sensors. Light for the sensors is provided by a common broadband source, and distributed by an optical fiber from which light of a selected color is withdrawn for each sensor in turn, the color selected for each sensor being different from that selected for the other sensors. Each color is modified by its respective sensor as a function of changes in the conditions applied to the sensor, and all the modified colors are conveyed along a common data bus to be demultiplexed and the data displayed. The colors may be supplied by the data bus to detection means simultaneously or sequentially. Passive optical sensors avoid electrical interference and incendiary risks due to electrical sparking, and color multiplexing avoids difficulties associated with other forms of multiplexing in plant environments.