Leicester Royal Infirmary

About: Leicester Royal Infirmary is a healthcare organization based out in Leicester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Carotid endarterectomy. The organization has 5300 authors who have published 6204 publications receiving 208464 citations.

Mortality rates in patients with Barrett's oesophagus.

Abstract: Summary Background Patients with Barrett’s oesophagus are at increased risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Observational studies have suggested increase in overall mortality also but data are conflicting. Aim To assess the cause of death in patients with Barrett’s oesophagus compared with the general population. Methods Patients with Barrett’s oesophagus were identified retrospectively in four hospitals in Leicestershire, UK using electronic endoscopy and histopathology records from 1997 to 2003. Data on deaths from this cohort of patients were identified through the Office of National Statistics and compared with age– and gender-adjusted mortality in the Leicestershire region. Results In all, 1272 Barrett’s patients were identified with 245 deaths in this cohort. Overall mortality was found to be increased [male standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 552, 95% CI = 466–638; female SMR 455, 95% CI = 357–552]. The main disease areas that were responsible for this increase were oesophageal adenocarcinoma (n = 25, male SMR = 2171, 95% CI = 991–3351; female SMR = 1300, 95% CI = 26–2574), bronchopneumonia (n = 70, male SMR = 146, 95% CI = 55–236; female SMR = 436, 95% CI = 272–601) and ischaemic heart disease (n = 51, male SMR = 186, 95% CI = 97–2748; female SMR = 205, 95% CI = 105–306). Conclusions Patients with Barrett’s oesophagus die more commonly of bronchopneumonia and ischaemic heart disease compared with oesophageal adenocarcinoma, and overall mortality in this group may be increased.

The analysis of event history data: a review of progress and outstanding problems.

Abstract: This paper reviews methods for the analysis of event history data by both parametric (exponential/Poisson) and semi-parametric methods. It identifies a need for software for handling the data structures of complex event histories and shows that, with such software, most Markov and semi-Markov models of event history data may be dealt with in the framework of generalized linear models. Finally, the emergent ‘frailty’ models for associated risks are discussed together with their implications for statistical software.

Nonproliferative and Proliferative Lesions of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Pancreas and Salivary Glands of the Rat and Mouse

Abstract: The INHAND (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions in Rats and Mice) project is a joint initiative of the Societies of Toxicologic Pathology from Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP), Japan (JSTP), and North America (STP) to develop an internationally accepted nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for nonproliferative and proliferative lesions in laboratory animals. The purpose of this publication is to provide a standardized nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for classifying lesions in the digestive system including the salivary glands and the exocrine pancreas of laboratory rats and mice. Most lesions are illustrated by color photomicrographs. The standardized nomenclature, the diagnostic criteria, and the photomicrographs are also available electronically on the Internet (http://www.goreni.org/). Sources of material included histopathology databases from government, academia, and industrial laboratories throughout the world. Content includes spontaneous and age related lesions as well as lesions induced by exposure to test items. Relevant infectious and parasitic lesions are included as well. A widely accepted and utilized international harmonization of nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for the digestive system will decrease misunderstandings among regulatory and scientific research organizations in different countries and provide a common language to increase and enrich international exchanges of information among toxicologists and pathologists.