Leicester Royal Infirmary

About: Leicester Royal Infirmary is a healthcare organization based out in Leicester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Carotid endarterectomy. The organization has 5300 authors who have published 6204 publications receiving 208464 citations.

Influenza A among community-dwelling elderly persons in Leicestershire during winter 1993–4; cigarette smoking as a risk factor and the efficacy of influenza vaccination

Abstract: In a prospective study of community-dwelling people 60-90 years of age, we examined the coverage of influenza vaccine during 1992-3 and 1993-4, the efficacy of vaccination in reducing serologically-confirmed clinical episodes of influenza A during 1993, and the effect of cigarette smoking. During 1992 and 1993, influenza vaccine was given to 106/215 (49%) and 120/204 (59%) people with risk conditions, and 84/225 (37%) and 103/235 (44%) without risk conditions. Influenza vaccination and general practitioner consultations during 1992 were independent predictors of vaccination in 1993, but current smoking was a negative predictor. Of 209 unimmunized people, 8/35 (23%) smokers had clinical influenza as compared with 11/174 (6%) non-smokers (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.6 to 11.9). Of 371 non-smokers, 1/197 (0.5%) vaccinees had influenza as compared with 11/174 (6%) non-vaccinees (OR 0.075, 95% CI 0.587 to 0.009). No cases of influenza occurred among 21 current smokers who were vaccinated.

Latest trends in cancer incidence among UK South Asians in Leicester.

Abstract: Using cancer registry data, we show that although South Asians have lower rates of cancer than the rest of the population, this is changing with age and time. Younger South Asians, particularly children, are at increased risk. While generally cancer rates have fallen over the last decade, they are increasing among South Asians.

Endothelium-dependent relaxation in resistance arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats: effect of long-term treatment with perindopril, quinapril, hydralazine or amlodipine.

Abstract: Objective To examine the effects of different types of antihypertensive treatment on endothelium-dependent relaxation in resistance arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) Design and methods Three-week-old SHRs were treated with the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor perindopril (1 mg/kg/day) or quinapril (3 mg/kg/day) or the vasodilator hydralazine (50 mg/kg/day) or the calcium antagonist amlodipine (10 mg/kg/day) Control SHRs and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were treated with water After 21 weeks rats were culled and mesenteric resistance arteries were mounted in a myograph Relaxation responses to the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine (ACh) and bradykinin were recorded before and after incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N G -nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG), as was the relaxation response to the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) Results All drugs prevented the rise in blood pressure found in the untreated SHRs ACh-induced relaxation was significantly impaired in the untreated SHRs compared with the WKY rats Treatment with either ACE inhibitor prevented the development of this impaired response ACE inhibitor treatment significantly increased the relaxation response to bradykinin Despite lowering blood pressure, hydralazine or amlodipine had no effect on ACh- or bradykinin-induced relaxation Responses to SNP were not different between untreated SHRs and WKY rats and were not affected by drug treatment Conclusion Specific properties of certain antihypertensive drugs may play an important role in restoring endothelium-dependent relaxation in the small arteries that regulate peripheral resistance in the SHR