Institution
RAND Corporation
Nonprofit•Santa Monica, California, United States•
About: RAND Corporation is a nonprofit organization based out in Santa Monica, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Health care & Population. The organization has 9602 authors who have published 18570 publications receiving 744658 citations.
Topics: Health care, Population, Poison control, Public health, Mental health
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors construct a large uncertainty space that includes the possibility of large and abrupt climate changes and/or of technology breakthroughs that radically reduce projected abatement costs, and compare the performance of a simple adaptive strategy -one that can make midcourse corrections based on observations of the climate and economic systems - and two commonly advocated best-estimate policies based on different expectations about the longterm consequences of climate change.
Abstract: Most quantitative studies of climate-change policy attempt to predict the greenhouse-gas reduction plan that will have the optimum balance of long-term costs and benefits. We find that the large uncertainties associated with the climate-change problem can make the policy prescriptions of this traditional approach unreliable. In this study, we construct a large uncertainty space that includes the possibility of large and/or abrupt climate changes and/or of technology breakthroughs that radically reduce projected abatement costs. We use computational experiments on a linked system of climate and economic models to compare the performance of a simple adaptive strategy - one that can make midcourse corrections based on observations of the climate and economic systems - and two commonly advocated ‘best-estimate’ policies based on different expectations about the longterm consequences of climate change. We find that the ‘Do-a-Little’ and ‘Emissions-Stabilization’ best-estimate policies perform well in the respective regions of the uncertainty space where their estimates are valid, but can fail severely in those regions where their estimates are wrong. In contrast, the adaptive strategy can make midcourse corrections and avoid significant errors. While its success is no surprise, the adaptive-strategy approach provides an analytic framework to examine important policy and research issues that will likely arise as society adapts to climate change, which cannot be easily addressed in studies using best-estimate approaches.
161 citations
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TL;DR: Most of the additional $1 billion paid to hospitals because of the Case Mix Index change appears justified by the additional complexity of patients hospitalized.
161 citations
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TL;DR: The first images of Jupiter, Io, Europa, and Ganymede from the Galileo spacecraft reveal new information about Jupiter's Great Red Spot (GRS) and the surfaces of the Galilean satellites.
Abstract: The first images of Jupiter, Io, Europa, and Ganymede from the Galileo spacecraft reveal new information about Jupiter's Great Red Spot (GRS) and the surfaces of the Galilean satellites. Features similar to clusters of thunderstorms were found in the GRS. Nearby wave structures suggest that the GRS may be a shallow atmospheric feature. Changes in surface color and plume distribution indicate differences in resurfacing processes near hot spots on Io. Patchy emissions were seen while Io was in eclipse by Jupiter. The outer margins of prominent linear markings (triple bands) on Europa are diffuse, suggesting that material has been vented from fractures. Numerous small circular craters indicate localized areas of relatively old surface. Pervasive brittle deformation of an ice layer appears to have formed grooves on Ganymede. Dark terrain unexpectedly shows distinctive albedo variations to the limit of resolution.
160 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effect of the number of elderly households on the tax price of K-12 education in a large number of US counties over time and concluded that the direct differential effect within each county of the presence of the elderly households is not distinguishable from zero but that the elderly have the potential to affect spending on education indirectly through where they live.
160 citations
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TL;DR: The analysis generally supports the notion that coresidence is influenced by the benefits, costs, opportunities, and preferences for coresidence versus separate living arrangements and suggests that married parents and children live together to economize on living costs or to receive help with household services.
Abstract: More than two-thirds of Malaysians age 60 or older coreside with an adult child. Data from the Senior sample of the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey (MFLS-2) are used to investigate which "seniors" (persons age 60 or older) live in this way. The analysis generally supports the notion that coresidence is influenced by the benefits, costs, opportunities, and preferences for coresidence versus separate living arrangements. For example, married seniors are more likely to coreside with adult children when housing costs are greater in their area or when the husband or wife is in poor health. This finding suggests that married parents and children live together to economize on living costs or to receive help with household services. Unmarried seniors who are better off economically are less likely to live with adult children, presumably because they use their higher incomes to "purchase privacy."
160 citations
Authors
Showing all 9660 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Darien Wood | 160 | 2174 | 136596 |
Herbert A. Simon | 157 | 745 | 194597 |
Ron D. Hays | 135 | 781 | 82285 |
Paul G. Shekelle | 132 | 601 | 101639 |
John E. Ware | 121 | 327 | 134031 |
Linda Darling-Hammond | 109 | 374 | 59518 |
Robert H. Brook | 105 | 571 | 43743 |
Clifford Y. Ko | 104 | 514 | 37029 |
Lotfi A. Zadeh | 104 | 331 | 148857 |
Claudio Ronco | 102 | 1312 | 72828 |
Joseph P. Newhouse | 101 | 484 | 47711 |
Kenneth B. Wells | 100 | 484 | 47479 |
Moyses Szklo | 99 | 428 | 47487 |
Alan M. Zaslavsky | 98 | 444 | 58335 |
Graham J. Hutchings | 97 | 995 | 44270 |