Rivers State University of Science and Technology

About: Rivers State University of Science and Technology is a education organization based out in Port Harcourt, Rivers, Nigeria. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Threatened species. The organization has 1826 authors who have published 1833 publications receiving 15183 citations.

Application of QPSK-OFDM for Improved Underwater Wireless Communication System

Abstract: The problems of signal loss and poor channel estimation are inherent in underwater communication. In this work, underwater communication system has been improved using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system with quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) based on modulation scheme. The modern choice of underwater communication system, where the available bandwidth was divided into many overlapping sub-channels, such that the symbol duration was compared to the multipath spread of the channel; thus, eliminating inter symbol interference as well as improving bandwidth availability. Matlab tool was used to develop and implement series of simulations of the underwater acoustic communication system model. The proposed OFDMQPSK underwater wireless acoustic technique achieved a BER of 2.44 ×

Cardiovascular Disease in Women with Chronic Renal Failure

Abstract: Objective: Patients with chronic renal failure have high burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study was carried out to investigate the development of cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure among female patients on dialysis treatment in Nigeria. Materials and Methods : A total of 40 adult female subjects participated in this study. 20 of them were apparently healthy and served as control group while the rest 20 were female patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on dialysis treatment. Fasting blood samples were collected and their lipid profile, Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High Density Lipoprotein –Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein –Cholesterol (LDL-C), and Very Low Density Lipoprotein –Cholesterol (VLDL-C) were estimated using enzymatic methods. The percentages of these parameters in circulation were obtained. The cardiovascular risk ratios (TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C) were calculated. Result: The lipid profile of the chronic renal failure patients (TC 5.70±0.80mmol/l, TG 1.46±0.40mmol/l, LDL-C 3.50±0.2mmol/l, and VLDL-C 0.67±0.2mmol/l) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of control group (TC 4.03±0.13mmol/l, TG 1.10± 0.3mmol/l , LDL-C 1.85±0.5mmol/l, and VLDL-C 0.50± 0.01mmol/l) except HDL-C. HDL-C of the CRF patients (1.40±0.2mmol/l) was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of healthy women (HDL-C 1.70± 0.04mmol/l). These depict no difference in the percentage of VLDL-C & TG in circulation between the control (VLDL –C 5% and TG 45%) and chronic renal failure patients (VLDL –C 5% and TG 44%). In CRF group, it was observed that 28% of the total plasma lipid (12.73mmol/l) was LDL-C but in healthy women, percentage of LDL-C in circulation (out of 9.18mmol/l) was 20%. It was also observed that 11% of the total plasma lipid (12.73mmol/l) in CRF patients was HDL-C but in healthy subjects, the percentage of HDL-C in circulation (out of 9.18mmol/l) was 19%. The cardiovascular risk indices (TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C) of the CRF patients (TC/HDL-C 3.91±0.24 and LDL-C/HDL-C 2.50±0.01) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of the healthy subjects (TC/HDL-C 2.40±0.09, LDL-C/HDL-C 1.10±0.08). Conclusion: These results indicate that chronic renal failure is a risk factor to development of cardiovascular disease in female patients on dialysis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v16i1.22382 J MEDICINE 2015; 16 : 14-17

Correlation between Ocular Axial Length and Body Mass Index in a Black Population

Abstract: Aim: To determine the correlation between Ocular axial length (AL) and body mass index (BMI) in a black population. Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study carried out in Port Harcourt City LGA, Nigeria. Subjects were selected using multistage random sampling with inclusion criteria of Visual Acuity > 6/18, age greater than 18 years with no history of past ocular surgeries or trauma. Socio demographic data was obtained through an interviewer based structured proforma. Data obtained included age, sex, tribe, occupation and level of education. Weight, height and Body Mass Index (BMI) were measured using a standard height and weight automated scale (SECA 769,220). Ocular examinations done included visual acuity, applanation tonometry and ophthalmoscopy. Axial length (AL) was measured using Amplitude (A) scan ultrasonography (SONOMED PACSCAN 300AP). Data obtained from one eye of the subjects were analyzed using SPSS (Version 17), and p value was set at ≤ 0.05. Results: Four hundred and sixty six (466) subjects participated in the study made up of two hundred and twelve (212) males (45.5%) and two hundred and fifty four (254) females (54.5%) with M: F ratio of 1:1.2. The age range was 18-92 years and mean age of the subjects studied 43.0±14.2 years. Findings revealed mean AL, Body Mass Index, Height and Weight to be (23.2±1.0 mm), (26.9±6.2 kg/m2), (162.5±9 cm) and (70.5±14.8 kg) respectively. The mean AL was greater in males than females. There was no statistically significant relationship between age and axial length. There was a statistically significant relationship between height and AL in both gender with AL increasing by 0.035 mm (p=0.001, r=0.261) with one centimeter change in height in males and 0.025 mm (p=0.001, r=0.2680) in females and between AL and level of education (p=0.001). There was also a statistically significant (0.009 mm) increase in AL per one kilogramme change in weight in females (p=0.0001, r=0.188). Males had longer AL than females in all the BMI groups with a statistically significant difference found between the different BMI classes. Conclusion: This study noted that although there is no statistically significant relationship between AL and BMI, there are significant relationships between AL and height and weight respectively. Estimated AL in mm= 16.91 + 0.039 (height in cm).

Corporate Social Responsibility Definitions and Practice in Emerging Economies

Abstract: This chapter looks at the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR), specifically in terms of the diverse definitions and perspectives of it that currently exist within emerging economies. This is explored from its foundation and the interaction between business and society across different emerging economies. This discourse is linked to the interplay between corporate governance and corporate social responsibility across emerging economies. This is hinged on the influences of both the academia and industry, as the definitions of the former does contribute to the practical application of the concept by practitioners and vice versa. The chapter is divided into three sections, which are definitions, perspectives, and case studies, with each of these focusing on the issues as they affect the theme of the chapter.

Diversity patterns and community characteristics of the fish assemblage of a West African lagoon

Abstract: Coastal lagoons are important habitats in West Africa, being also irreplaceable for many species of fish. The community structure and the diversity patterns of their fish assemblages have however been poorly studied so far. In order to evaluate the community structure and diversity metrics of fish assemblages of one of these lagoons (Lake Togo, Togo), we surveyed four stations that were different in terms of morphological and ecological characteristics, from July to September 2017. The fishing gears were recorded and catches of small-scale fisheries were analyzed. A total of 40 species in 37 genera, 24 families and 10 orders were recorded, with Cichlidae (six species), followed by Eleotridae (five species) and Gobiidae (three species) being the most diverse families. The most abundant species in the catches were: Sarotherodon melanotheron, Coptodon guineensis, Chrysischthys nigrodigitatus and Ethmalosa fimbriata. Strict estuarine species (Es) were the most represented forms in the catches. Calculated indices of diversity showed that Lake Togo has moderate diversity and a poor organization of individuals within species.