Saint Francis University

About: Saint Francis University is a education organization based out in Loretto, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Osteoblast. The organization has 1694 authors who have published 2038 publications receiving 87149 citations.

Are You Capable of Providing High Quality Care

Abstract: Quality improvement (QI) initiatives have intensified in the healthcare workplace with only a nascent understanding of the definition of quality in healthcare. As physicians, we adhere to the Hippocratic aphorism of “do no harm” and therefore, often delude ourselves into believing that we are functioning at the top of our clinical capacity and knowledge for the benefit of our patients. It is undeniable that nearly all physicians want to do what is best for their patients. However, maximizing the potential for improved outcomes can prove challenging.

The Relationship Between Surface Electromyographic Activity and Torque Production of the Infraspinatus Muscle in Shoulder Rehabilitation Exercises

Abstract: In current rehabilitation practice, exercise selection is commonly based on the amount of muscle recruitment demonstrated by electromyographic (EMG) analysis. A preponderance of evidence supports the concept that EMG of a muscle and torque output are positively correlated. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between surface EMG activity of the infraspinatus and torque production during exercises involving shoulder external rotation (ER). A total of 30 participants (average age = 24.6 y) performed maximum voluntary isometric contraction of ER at 5 points within the range of motion of 3 shoulder exercise positions with concomitant surface EMG recording. As a maximal internally rotated position was approached, maximum ER torque and minimum or near-minimum EMG recruitment were demonstrated. Conversely, at maximally externally rotated positions, EMG activity was greatest and torque values were lowest. An inverse relationship between joint torque output and EMG activity was established in each of the 3 exercises. The inverse relationship between EMG activity and torque output during Shoulder ER suggests that there may be additional factors warranting consideration during exercise selection. Further research may be needed to determine the relative value of electrical activity versus torque output to optimize the selection of rehabilitative exercises.

H-1B Visa Applications for Physicians.

Abstract: vide an expeditious alternative to the BPCIA’s patent dispute resolution process. The 2011 Leahy-Smith American Invents Act established the inter partes review, a procedure that allows third parties to challenge the existence of a patent by submitting additional information bearing on patentability of the claimed invention to the US Patent and Trademark Office. In contrast to ordinary judicial proceedings, which require challengers to prove invalidity by “clear and convincing evidence,” there is no presumption of patent validity in inter partes review proceedings.4 Rather, the petitioner has the burden of proving unpatentability to the Patent and Trademark Office by a “preponderance of the evidence.” Several biosimilar manufacturers, including Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celltrion Healthcare, Coherus BioSciences, Hospira, and Momenta Pharmaceuticals, have begun to challenge branded biologic patents through this mechanism.5 We emphasize that even with reduced patent litigation, in the absence of interchangeability status, the approval and market launch of multiple biosimilars may not result in substantial cost savings. Patient and physician aversion to nonmedical switching, in conjunction with payer rebate dynamics, may ensure that competition will not reduce or stabilize prices for the consumer. The best way to meet the price reduction goals of the BPCIA will be to effectively implement technical and regulatory procedures to determine the automatic substitution of biosimilars for branded biologics.

Prosecutors’ and Defense Lawyers’ Views on the Challenges to a New Trial Waiver System in China

Abstract: Recently, Chinese government implemented and tested a trial waiver system in 18 large cities during 2016–2018. Using data collected from surveys of prosecutors and defense lawyers in one of the cities, the present study examines the main challenges in the implementation by comparing prosecutor and defense lawyer views. The main issues examined include the legal scope of trial waivers, the lawyer and victim roles in trial waivers, and the risk of corruption and power abuse. The findings indicate that lawyer respondents significantly differed from prosecutor respondents in their views on the issues. Defense lawyers were more likely to adopt a liberal stance and took a critical attitude toward the issues than prosecutors were. Their characteristic responses may well reside in their legal statuses and related interests in the Chinese legal context.