SDM College of Engineering and Technology

About: SDM College of Engineering and Technology is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Diesel fuel & Combustion. The organization has 350 authors who have published 351 publications receiving 2399 citations.

Ion Exchange Membranes: Preparation, Properties, and Applications

Abstract: Membrane science is a relatively new area of applied chemistry and chemical engineering and plays a vital role in the field of alternative energy and separation applications. The field of membrane science is therefore an emerging area with enormous industrial and public health significance. Today, various kinds of separation membranes have been studied and utilized industrially in different processes including reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, electrodialysis, and pervaporation. Technical feasibility of all these processes largely depends on membrane and its properties. Among the separation membranes, ion exchange membranes are one of the advanced separation membranes. Therefore, this chapter addresses on different types of ion exchange membranes with reference to their preparation, properties, as well as their industrial applications. Although ion exchange membranes are broadly classified into homogeneous and heterogeneous membranes, this chapter also covers other types of ion exchange membranes such as amphoteric, mosaic, bipolar, interpolymer, and graft and block copolymer membranes. At the end, prospectives and conclusions on the ion exchange membranes have also been highlighted. The relevant literature was collected from different sources including Google sites, books, reviews, and research articles.

Real-time water quality monitoring through Internet of Things and ANOVA-based analysis: a case study on river Krishna

Abstract: In this paper, an attempt has been made to develop a statistical model based on Internet of Things (IoT) for water quality analysis of river Krishna using different water quality parameters such as pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, biochemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids and conductivity. These parameters are very important to assess the water quality of the river. The water quality data were collected from six stations of river Krishna in the state of Karnataka. River Krishna is the fourth largest river in India with approximately 1400 km of length and flows from its origin toward Bay of Bengal. In our study, we have considered only stretch of river Krishna flowing in state of Karnataka, i.e., length of about 483 km. In recent years, the mineral-rich river basin is subjected to rapid industrialization, thus polluting the river basin. The river water is bound to get polluted from various pollutants such as the urban waste water, agricultural waste and industrial waste, thus making it unusable for anthropogenic activities. The traditional manual technique that is under use is a very slow process. It requires staff to collect the water samples from the site and take them to the laboratory and then perform the analysis on various water parameters which is costly and time-consuming process. The timely information about water quality is thus unavailable to the people in the river basin area. This creates a perfect opportunity for swift real-time water quality check through analysis of water samples collected from the river Krishna. IoT is one of the ways with which real-time monitoring of water quality of river Krishna can be done in quick time. In this paper, we have emphasized on IoT-based water quality monitoring by applying the statistical analysis for the data collected from the river Krishna. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-way ANOVA were applied for the data collected, and found that one-way ANOVA was more effective in carrying out water quality analysis. The hypotheses that are drawn using ANOVA were used for water quality analysis. Further, these analyses can be used to train the IoT system so that it can take the decision whenever there is abnormal change in the reading of any of the water quality parameters.