SDM College of Engineering and Technology

About: SDM College of Engineering and Technology is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Diesel fuel & Combustion. The organization has 350 authors who have published 351 publications receiving 2399 citations.

Factors Affecting Bioethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass (Calliandra calothyrsus)

Abstract: India is in need of renewable fuels for transportation and power generation applications. Bio-ethanol, a second generation fuel is considered as one of the most important promising alternative fuel for both petrol and diesel engine applications. The molasses feedstock is the main source for ethanol production in India, but it is hardly sufficient to meet the current growing demand. Lignocellulosic biomass is an alternative, renewable and sustainable feedstock to meet the demand of ethanol. In the present study, experiments were carried out with the main objective of bio-ethanol production from Calliandra calothyrsus shrub, a potential lignocellulosic raw material for cellulose-to-bioethanol process. In view of this, C. calothyrsus biomass was pretreated with hydrothermal explosion using hot water, a method prior to hydrolysis process to produce fermentable sugars. Based on the experimental results, 2.67 and 1.72 g/L glucose was obtained with H2SO4 and HCl acid hydrolysis respectively for pretreated biomass. Also the present research work involves experimental investigations of bioethanol production from C. calothyrsus using batch fermentation. The results revealed that pH 4.5, temperature 30 °C and incubation period of 72 h were found to be favorable for producing maximum bioethanol yield. Further, study on hydrolysis was extended using enzyme, that resulted in 16.5 and 10.25 g/L glucose with and without pretreatment respectively.

A quasi-ballistic drain current, charge and capacitance model with positional carrier scattering dependency valid for symmetric DG MOSFETs in nanoscale regime.

Abstract: This paper presents a physically valid quasi-ballistic drain current model applicable for nanoscale symmetric Double Gate (SDG) MOSFETs. The proposed drain current model includes both diffusive and ballistic transport phenomena. The model considers the important positional carrier scattering dependency effect near the source region described in terms of transmission and reflection co-efficients related to the scattering theory. The significance of carrier transport near the bottleneck source region is illustrated where the carriers diffuse into the channel at a relatively lower velocity before accelerating ballistically. The results obtained demonstrate carrier scattering dependency at the critical layer defined near the low field source region on the drain current characteristics. The proposed model partly evolves from Natori’s ballistic bulk MOSFET model that is modified accordingly to be valid for a symmetric Double Gate MOSFET in the nanoscale regime. Carrier degeneracy and Fermi–Dirac statistics are included in the work so as to justify the complete physicality of the model. The model is further extended and is shown to be continuous in terms of terminal charges and capacitances in all regions of operation. A comparative analysis is also done between the proposed quasi-ballistic model and a hypothetical complete ballistic device.

A Survey of Various Cryptographic Techniques: From Traditional Cryptography to Fully Homomorphic Encryption

Abstract: With the advent in Internet and networking applications, security is a major concern in the current era of Information Technology. The huge amount of information exchanged over the Internet is vulnerable to security threats and attacks. Cryptography provides secure exchange of encrypted data by sharing a key. The major concern with this approach is data privacy as anybody with the key can access the data. Moreover, user loses control over data once it is uploaded to the cloud and must rely on cloud service provider. User must share a key with cloud service provider to perform any operations like searching, sorting, etc., or need to download and decrypt the data and then perform the operation. These approaches lead to privacy issue and repeated encryption decryption, even for small computation. These concerns are addressed by Homomorphic Encryption (HE), which enables the cloud service provider to carry out computations on ciphered data without decrypting it. With the advent of HE scheme, in 2009, the Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) scheme was invented by C. Gentry, which allows any computational function to operate on encrypted data. But the practical implementation of FHE is still in research. This survey focuses on various traditional and modern cryptography techniques along with the different schemes of HE and FHE.