Institution
University of Costa Rica
Education•San José, Costa Rica•
About: University of Costa Rica is a education organization based out in San José, Costa Rica. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Venom. The organization has 9817 authors who have published 16781 publications receiving 238208 citations. The organization is also known as: UCR & Universidad de Costa Rica.
Topics: Population, Venom, Antivenom, Snake venom, Context (language use)
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
19 Apr 2018
TL;DR: It is found that procoagulant venoms act differentially on key steps of the coagulation cascade, and that certain monospecific antivenoms work in a previously unrecognised paraspecific manner to neutralise this activity, despite conventional assumptions of congener-restricted efficacy.
Abstract: Snake envenoming causes several potentially lethal pathologies. The specific pathology is dictated by the toxin composition of venom, which varies by species, geography and ontogeny. This variation severely restricts the paraspecific efficacy of antivenoms used to treat snakebite victims. With a view to devising pathology-specific snakebite treatments, we assessed the procoagulant activity of 57 snake venoms and investigated the efficacy of various antivenoms. We find that procoagulant venoms act differentially on key steps of the coagulation cascade, and that certain monospecific antivenoms work in a previously unrecognised paraspecific manner to neutralise this activity, despite conventional assumptions of congener-restricted efficacy. Moreover, we demonstrate that the metal chelator EDTA is also capable of neutralising venom-induced lethality in vivo. This study illustrates the exciting potential of developing new, broad-spectrum, toxin-targeting antivenoms capable of treating key snakebite pathologies, and advocates a thorough re-examination of enzyme inhibiting compounds as alternative therapies for treating snakebite victims.
91 citations
••
TL;DR: The capacity of these antivenoms to neutralize, in preclinical tests, homologous and heterologous Bothrops venoms in Central and South America is revealed, and quantitative differences in the values of Median Effective Doses (ED50s) between the various antivenOMs are highlighted.
91 citations
••
TL;DR: Recent data are reviewed regarding the alterations in pesticide use and results indicate a decrease in the amounts of active ingredients applied to transgenic crops compared with conventional crops.
Abstract: The large-scale commercial cultivation of transgenic crops has undergone a steady increase since their introduction 10 years ago. Most of these crops bear introduced traits that are of agronomic importance, such as herbicide or insect resistance. These traits are likely to impact upon the use of pesticides on these crops, as well as the pesticide market as a whole. Organizations like USDA-ERS and NCFAP monitor the changes in crop pest management associated with the adoption of transgenic crops. As part of an IUPAC project on this topic, recent data are reviewed regarding the alterations in pesticide use that have been observed in practice. Most results indicate a decrease in the amounts of active ingredients applied to transgenic crops compared with conventional crops. In addition, a generic environmental indicator - the environmental impact quotient (EIQ) - has been applied by these authors and others to estimate the environmental consequences of the altered pesticide use on transgenic crops. The results show that the predicted environmental impact decreases in transgenic crops. With the advent of new types of agronomic trait and crops that have been genetically modified, it is useful to take also their potential environmental impacts into account.
91 citations
••
TL;DR: A classification based on monophyly will facilitate focused monographs and clarifies the evolution of morphological and biochemical traits of interest within this highly diverse subtribe.
91 citations
••
01 Jan 1985TL;DR: In a previous paper as discussed by the authors, we analyzed the vicariant patterns of distribution in light of paleogeologic knowledge in order to determine the origin of historical faunal elements and the barriers responsible for these patterns.
Abstract: In a previous paper dealing with the biogeography of the ichthyofauna of the San Juan Province of Central America, I analyzed the vicariant patterns of distribution, in light of paleogeologic knowledge in order to determine the origin of historical faunal elements and the barriers responsible for these patterns. Some general conclusions reached at that time were that: (1) an ancient South American Element dispersed into Central America during Late Cretaceous or Paleocene times; (2) Central America was later isolated from South America during most of the Tertiary; (3) land masses south of the Nicaraguan Depression remained emergent throughout the Tertiary; and that (4) the two continents were reunited by the closure of the Bolivar seaway in Pliocene time.
91 citations
Authors
Showing all 9922 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Alberto Ascherio | 136 | 462 | 69578 |
Gervasio Gomez | 133 | 1844 | 99695 |
Myron M. Levine | 123 | 789 | 60865 |
Hong-Cai Zhou | 114 | 489 | 66320 |
Edward O. Wilson | 101 | 406 | 89994 |
Mary Claire King | 100 | 336 | 47454 |
Olga Martín-Belloso | 86 | 384 | 23428 |
José María Gutiérrez | 84 | 607 | 26779 |
Cesare Montecucco | 84 | 382 | 27738 |
Rodolphe Clérac | 78 | 506 | 22604 |
Kim R. Dunbar | 74 | 470 | 20262 |
Paul J. Hanson | 70 | 251 | 19504 |
Hannia Campos | 69 | 210 | 15164 |
Jean-Pierre Gorvel | 67 | 231 | 15005 |
F. Albert Cotton | 66 | 1023 | 27647 |