Showing papers by "University of Maribor published in 2008"
TL;DR: This work considers different distributions of extrinsic factors that determine the social diversity of players, and finds that the power-law distribution enables the best promotion of cooperation.
Abstract: The diversity in wealth and social status is present not only among humans, but throughout the animal world. We account for this observation by generating random variables that determine the social diversity of players engaging in the prisoner's dilemma game. Here the term social diversity is used to address extrinsic factors that determine the mapping of game payoffs to individual fitness. These factors may increase or decrease the fitness of a player depending on its location on the spatial grid. We consider different distributions of extrinsic factors that determine the social diversity of players, and find that the power-law distribution enables the best promotion of cooperation. The facilitation of the cooperative strategy relies mostly on the inhomogeneous social state of players, resulting in the formation of cooperative clusters which are ruled by socially high-ranking players that are able to prevail against the defectors even when there is a large temptation to defect. To confirm this, we also study the impact of spatially correlated social diversity and find that cooperation deteriorates as the spatial correlation length increases. Our results suggest that the distribution of wealth and social status might have played a crucial role by the evolution of cooperation amongst egoistic individuals.
678 citations
Gyeongsang National University1, University of Tokyo2, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics3, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne4, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research5, University of Sydney6, Polish Academy of Sciences7, University of Maribor8, National Taiwan University9, National Central University10, Hanyang University11, Sungkyunkwan University12, University of Melbourne13, Virginia Tech14, University of Ljubljana15, Osaka University16, Nagoya University17, Nara Women's University18, Tohoku Gakuin University19, Kyungpook National University20, Saga University21, Tokyo Institute of Technology22, Yonsei University23, Chiba University24, Niigata University25, Seoul National University26, Graduate University for Advanced Studies27, University of Cincinnati28, Panjab University, Chandigarh29, University of Giessen30, Austrian Academy of Sciences31, Osaka City University32, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology33, Toho University34, Kanagawa University35, University of Nova Gorica36, Tokyo Metropolitan University37, National United University38, Korea University39, University of Science and Technology of China40
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a method to detect the presence of a tumor in the human brain using the Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-12-10.
Abstract: Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-154575doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.142001View record in Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-12-10
427 citations
TL;DR: This paper introduces k'-means algorithm that performs correct clustering without pre-assigning the exact number of clusters by minimizing a suggested cost-function.
427 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a simple binary solvent (ethanol/water) was used to obtain a low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) PEG membrane with high permeability.
426 citations
TL;DR: The original version uses fixed population size but a method for gradually reducing population size is proposed, which improves the efficiency and robustness of the algorithm and can be applied to any variant of a Differential Evolution algorithm.
Abstract: This paper studies the efficiency of a recently defined population-based direct global optimization method called Differential Evolution with self-adaptive control parameters The original version uses fixed population size but a method for gradually reducing population size is proposed in this paper It improves the efficiency and robustness of the algorithm and can be applied to any variant of a Differential Evolution algorithm The proposed modification is tested on commonly used benchmark problems for unconstrained optimization and compared with other optimization methods such as Evolutionary Algorithms and Evolution Strategies
320 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of Pebax ® /polyethylene glycol (PEG) blend thin film composite membranes for CO 2 separation from gas mixtures containing H 2, N 2 and CH 4.
310 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that an appropriate small-world topology can restore synchronized behavior provided information transmission delays are either short or long, and within the intermediate delay region, which is characterized by anti-phase synchronization and clustering, differences in the network topology do not notably affect the synchrony of neuronal activity.
Abstract: Synchronization transitions are investigated in small-world neuronal networks that are locally modeled by the Rulkov map with additive spatiotemporal noise. In particular, we investigate the impact of different information transmission delays and rewiring probability. We show that short delays induce zigzag fronts of excitations, whereas intermediate delays can further detriment synchrony in the network due to a dynamic clustering anti-phase synchronization transition. Detailed investigations reveal, however, that for longer delay lengths the synchrony of excitations in the network can again be enhanced due to the emergence of in-phase synchronization. In addition, we show that an appropriate small-world topology can restore synchronized behavior provided information transmission delays are either short or long. On the other hand, within the intermediate delay region, which is characterized by anti-phase synchronization and clustering, differences in the network topology do not notably affect the synchrony of neuronal activity.
302 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied evolutionary games where the teaching activity of players can evolve in time, and proposed a simple mechanism that spontaneously creates relevant inhomogeneities in the teaching activities that support the maintenance of cooperation for both the prisoner's dilemma and the snowdrift game.
Abstract: Evolutionary games are studied where the teaching activity of players can evolve in time. Initially all players following either the cooperative or defecting strategy are distributed on a square lattice. The rate of strategy adoption is determined by the payoff difference and a teaching activity characterizing the donor's capability to enforce its strategy on the opponent. Each successful strategy adoption process is accompanied by an increase in the donor's teaching activity. By applying an optimum value of the increment, this simple mechanism spontaneously creates relevant inhomogeneities in the teaching activities that support the maintenance of cooperation for both the prisoner's dilemma and the snowdrift game.
284 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors study the transition towards effective payoffs in the prisoner's dilemma game on scale-free networks by introducing a normalization parameter guiding the system from accumulated payoffs to payoffs normalized with the connectivity of each agent.
Abstract: We study the transition towards effective payoffs in the prisoner’s dilemma game on scale-free networks by introducing a normalization parameter guiding the system from accumulated payoffs to payoffs normalized with the connectivity of each agent. We show that during this transition the heterogeneity-based ability of scale-free networks to facilitate cooperative behavior deteriorates continuously, eventually collapsing with the results obtained on regular graphs. The strategy donations and adaptation probabilities of agents with different connectivities are studied. Results reveal that strategies generally spread from agents with larger towards agents with smaller degree. However, this strategy adoption flow reverses sharply in the fully normalized payoff limit. Surprisingly, cooperators occupy the hubs even if the averaged cooperation level due to partly normalized payoffs is moderate.
279 citations
TL;DR: By applying an optimum value of the increment, this simple mechanism spontaneously creates relevant inhomogeneities in the teaching activities that support the maintenance of cooperation for both the prisoner's dilemma and the snowdrift game.
Abstract: Evolutionary games are studied where the teaching activity of players can evolve in time. Initially all players following either the cooperative or defecting strategy are distributed on a square lattice. The rate of strategy adoption is determined by the payoff difference and a teaching activity characterizing the donor's capability to enforce its strategy on the opponent. Each successful strategy adoption process is accompanied with an increase in the donor's teaching activity. By applying an optimum value of the increment this simple mechanism spontaneously creates relevant inhomogeneities in the teaching activities that support the maintenance of cooperation for both the prisoner's dilemma and the snowdrift game.
276 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the evolution of cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game, where initially all players are linked via a regular graph, having four neighbors each, and players are allowed to make new connections and thus permanently extend their neighborhoods, provided they have been successful in passing their strategy to the opponents.
Abstract: Evolution of cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game is studied where initially all players are linked via a regular graph, having four neighbors each. Simultaneously with the strategy evolution, players are allowed to make new connections and thus permanently extend their neighborhoods, provided they have been successful in passing their strategy to the opponents. We show that this simple coevolutionary rule shifts the survival barrier of cooperators towards high temptations to defect and results in highly heterogeneous interaction networks with an exponential fit best characterizing their degree distributions. In particular, there exist an optimal maximal degree for the promotion of cooperation, warranting the best exchange of information between influential players.
TL;DR: It is shown that there exist an optimal maximal degree for the promotion of cooperation, warranting the best exchange of information between influential players and results in highly heterogeneous interaction networks with an exponential fit best characterizing their degree distributions.
Abstract: Evolution of cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game is studied where initially all players are linked via a regular graph, having four neighbors each. Simultaneously with the strategy evolution, players are allowed to make new connections and thus permanently extend their neighborhoods, provided they have been successful in passing their strategy to the opponents. We show that this simple coevolutionary rule shifts the survival barrier of cooperators towards high temptations to defect and results in highly heterogeneous interaction networks with an exponential fit best characterizing their degree distributions. In particular, there exist an optimal maximal degree for the promotion of cooperation, warranting the best exchange of information between influential players.
University of Tokyo1, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics2, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne3, University of Sydney4, Panjab University, Chandigarh5, Polish Academy of Sciences6, University of Maribor7, National Taiwan University8, National Central University9, Hanyang University10, Yonsei University11, Gyeongsang National University12, Sungkyunkwan University13, Virginia Tech14, Korea University15, Nagoya University16, Osaka University17, Tohoku Gakuin University18, Kyungpook National University19, Saga University20, Okayama University21, Tokyo Institute of Technology22, Chiba University23, Niigata University24, Seoul National University25, Graduate University for Advanced Studies26, University of Cincinnati27, University of Ljubljana28, University of Giessen29, University of Melbourne30, University of Science and Technology of China31, Austrian Academy of Sciences32, Nara Women's University33, Osaka City University34, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology35, Toho University36, Kanagawa University37, University of Nova Gorica38, Tokyo Metropolitan University39, National United University40
TL;DR: In this article, a measurement of the exclusive e+ e- --> Lambda+_(c)Lambda-_(c)) cross section as a function of center-of-mass energy near the Lambda− threshold is reported.
Abstract: We report a measurement of the exclusive e+ e- -->Lambda+_(c)Lambda-_(c) cross section as a function of center-of-mass energy near the Lambda+_(c)Lambda-_(c) threshold. A clear peak with a significance of 8.2sigma is observed in the Lambda+_(c)Lambda-_(c) invariant mass distribution just above threshold. With an assumption of a resonance origin for the observed peak, a mass and width of M=[4634 (+8)_(-7)(stat)(+5)_(-8)(syst)] MeV/c(2) and Gamma_(tot)=[92 (+40)_(-24)(stat)(+10)_(-21)(syst)] MeV are determined. The analysis is based on a study of events with initial-state-radiation photons in a data sample collected with the Belle detector at the Upsilon(4S) resonance and nearby continuum with an integrated luminosity of 695 fb(-1) at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+ e- collider.
TL;DR: In this article, a tailor-made polymeric membrane was designed by using poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEO-PBT) multi-block copolymers.
Abstract: This paper reports the design of a tailor made polymeric membrane by using poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEO-PBT) multi-block copolymers. Their properties are controlled by the fraction of the PEO phase and its molecular weight. To explain the effect of structural changes in copolymer membranes, transport properties of four gases (CO2, H2, N2, and CH4) are discussed. After characterization, the two best copolymers are selected in order to prepare tailor made blends by adding poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The best selected copolymer that contained 55 wt. % of 4000 g mol−1 PEO produced a blend with high CO2 permeability (∼190 barrer), which is twice the permeability of the pure copolymer. At the same time, an enhancement of CO2/H2 selectivity is observed (∼13). These results suggest that the morphology of PEO-PBT can be well controlled by the addition of low-molecular-weight PEG, and consequently the gas transport properties can be tuned.
University of Tokyo1, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics2, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne3, University of Sydney4, University of Melbourne5, Panjab University, Chandigarh6, Polish Academy of Sciences7, University of Maribor8, Fu Jen Catholic University9, National Taiwan University10, National Central University11, Hanyang University12, Yonsei University13, Gyeongsang National University14, Sungkyunkwan University15, University of Cincinnati16, University of Ljubljana17, Korea University18, Nagoya University19, Nara Women's University20, Tohoku Gakuin University21, Kyungpook National University22, Saga University23, Tokyo Institute of Technology24, Niigata University25, Graduate University for Advanced Studies26, University of Giessen27, Seoul National University28, University of Science and Technology of China29, Austrian Academy of Sciences30, Osaka City University31, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology32, Toho University33, Kanagawa University34, Virginia Tech35, University of Nova Gorica36, Tokyo Metropolitan University37, National United University38
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a method to solve the PDE problem using the Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-12-10.
Abstract: Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-154418doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.78.072004View record in Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-12-10
TL;DR: End-tidal carbon dioxide levels after 20 minutes of standard advanced cardiac life support may be used to predict restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) with accuracy, and should be monitored during CPR and considered a useful prognostic value for determining the outcome of resuscitative efforts and when to cease CPR in the field.
Abstract: Prognosis in patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is poor. Higher survival rates have been observed only in patients with ventricular fibrillation who were fortunate enough to have basic and advanced life support initiated soon after cardiac arrest. An ability to predict cardiac arrest outcomes would be useful for resuscitation. Changes in expired end-tidal carbon dioxide levels during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may be a useful, noninvasive predictor of successful resuscitation and survival from cardiac arrest, and could help in determining when to cease CPR efforts. This is a prospective, observational study of 737 cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The patients were intubated and measurements of end-tidal carbon dioxide taken. Data according to the Utstein criteria, demographic information, medical data, and partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO2) values were collected for each patient in cardiac arrest by the emergency physician. We hypothesized that an end-tidal carbon dioxide level of 1.9 kPa (14.3 mmHg) or more after 20 minutes of standard advanced cardiac life support would predict restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). PetCO2 after 20 minutes of advanced life support averaged 0.92 ± 0.29 kPa (6.9 ± 2.2 mmHg) in patients who did not have ROSC and 4.36 ± 1.11 kPa (32.8 ± 9.1 mmHg) in those who did (P < 0.001). End-tidal carbon dioxide values of 1.9 kPa (14.3 mmHg) or less discriminated between the 402 patients with ROSC and 335 patients without. When a 20-minute end-tidal carbon dioxide value of 1.9 kPa (14.3 mmHg) or less was used as a screening test to predict ROSC, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were all 100%. End-tidal carbon dioxide levels of more than 1.9 kPa (14.3 mmHg) after 20 minutes may be used to predict ROSC with accuracy. End-tidal carbon dioxide levels should be monitored during CPR and considered a useful prognostic value for determining the outcome of resuscitative efforts and when to cease CPR in the field.
TL;DR: It is observed that influential individuals must be few and sparsely connected in order for cooperation to thrive in a defection-prone environment and only minute values of p warrant the best promotion of cooperation.
Abstract: We study the evolution of cooperation within the spatial prisoner's dilemma game on a square lattice where a fraction of players mu can spread their strategy more easily than the rest due to a predetermined larger teaching capability. In addition, players characterized by the larger teaching capability are allowed to temporarily link with distant opponents of the same kind with probability p , thus introducing shortcut connections among the distinguished players. We show that these additional temporary connections are able to sustain cooperation throughout the whole range of the temptation to defect. Remarkably, we observe that, as the temptation to defect increases the optimal mu decreases, and moreover only minute values of p warrant the best promotion of cooperation. Our study thus indicates that influential individuals must be few and sparsely connected in order for cooperation to thrive in a defection-prone environment.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a method to solve the PDE problem using the Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-12-10.
Abstract: Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-154420doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.78.072006View record in Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-12-10
TL;DR: Variants in toxin genes are also conserved on the protein level and variant toxins can differ in size, antibody reactivity, pattern of intracellular targets (small GTPases) and consequently in their effects on the cell.
Abstract: Clostridium difficile toxinotypes are groups of strains defined by changes in the PaLoc region encoding two main virulence factors: toxins TcdA and TcdB. Currently, 24 variant toxinotypes (I-XXIV) are known, in addition to toxinotype 0 strains, which contain a PaLoc identical to the reference strain VPI 10463. Variant toxinotypes can also differ from toxinotype 0 strains in their toxin production pattern. The most-studied variant strains are TcdA-, TcdB+ (A-B+) strains and binary toxin CDT-producing strains. Variations in toxin genes are also conserved on the protein level and variant toxins can differ in size, antibody reactivity, pattern of intracellular targets (small GTPases) and consequently in their effects on the cell. Toxinotypes do not correlate with particular forms of disease or patient populations, but some toxinotypes (IIIb and VIII) are currently associated with disease of increased severity and outbreaks worldwide. Variant toxinotypes are very common in animal hosts and can represent from 40% to 100% of all isolates. Among human isolates, variant toxinotypes usually represent up to 10% of strains but their prevalence is increasing.
TL;DR: The results indicate that, by using biodiesel, harmful emissions can be reduced to some extent by adjusting the injection pump timing properly.
University of Tokyo1, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics2, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne3, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research4, University of Sydney5, University of Melbourne6, Panjab University, Chandigarh7, Polish Academy of Sciences8, University of Maribor9, National Taiwan University10, National Central University11, Hanyang University12, Sungkyunkwan University13, Virginia Tech14, University of Cincinnati15, University of Ljubljana16, Korea University17, Nagoya University18, Osaka University19, Tohoku Gakuin University20, Kyungpook National University21, Saga University22, Tokyo Institute of Technology23, Yonsei University24, Chiba University25, Niigata University26, Graduate University for Advanced Studies27, University of Giessen28, Seoul National University29, Austrian Academy of Sciences30, Osaka City University31, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology32, Nara Women's University33, Toho University34, Kanagawa University35, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign36, University of Nova Gorica37, Tokyo Metropolitan University38, National United University39, University of Science and Technology of China40
TL;DR: In this article, the processes e+e-→J/ψD(*)D*D* were studied and a new charmonium-like state X(4160) was observed.
Abstract: We report a study of the processes e+e-→J/ψD(*)D(*). In J/ψD*D* we observe a significant enhancement in the D*D* invariant mass spectrum, which we interpret as a new charmoniumlike state and denote X(4160). The X(4160) parameters are M=(4156-20+25±15)MeV/c2 and Γ=(139-61+111±21)MeV. We also report a new measurement of the X(3940) mass and width: M=(3942-6+7±6) MeV/c2 and Γ=(37-15+26±8)MeV. The analysis is based on a 693fb-1 data sample recorded near the Υ(4S) resonance by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy collider. © 2008 The American Physical Society.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the diversity in the reproduction capability, related to inherently different attitudes of individuals, can enforce the emergence of cooperative behavior among selfish competitors.
Abstract: In human societies the probability of strategy adoption from a given person may be affected by the personal features. Now we investigate how an artificially imposed restricted ability to reproduce, overruling ones fitness, affects an evolutionary process. For this purpose we employ the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game on different complex graphs. Reproduction restrictions can have a facilitative effect on the evolution of cooperation that sets in irrespective of particularities of the interaction network. Indeed, an appropriate fraction of less fertile individuals may lead to full supremacy of cooperators where otherwise defection would be widespread. By studying cooperation levels within the group of individuals having full reproduction capabilities, we reveal that the recent mechanism for the promotion of cooperation is conceptually similar to the one reported previously for scale-free networks. Our results suggest that the diversity in the reproduction capability, related to inherently different attitudes of individuals, can enforce the emergence of cooperative behavior among selfish competitors.
TL;DR: It is shown that there exists an intermediate transmission delay by which the spiral waves are optimally ordered, hence indicating the existence of delay-enhanced coherence of spatial dynamics in the examined system.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a method to detect the presence of a tumor in the human brain using the Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-12-10.
Abstract: Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-154550doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.112001View record in Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-12-10
TL;DR: Empirical results are provided on end-user productivity, which is measured as the lines of code needed to express a domain-specific program, similarity to the original notation, and how error-reporting and debugging are supported in a given implementation.
Abstract: Various implementation approaches for developing a domain-specific language are available in literature. There are certain common beliefs about the advantages/disadvantages of these approaches. However, it is hard to be objective and speak in favor of a particular one, since these implementation approaches are normally compared over diverse application domains. The purpose of this paper is to provide empirical results from ten diverse implementation approaches for domain-specific languages, but conducted using the same representative language. Comparison shows that these discussed approaches differ in terms of the effort need to implement them, however, the effort needed by a programmer to implement a domain-specific language should not be the only factor taken into consideration. Another important factor is the effort needed by an end-user to rapidly write correct programs using the produced domain-specific language. Therefore, this paper also provides empirical results on end-user productivity, which is measured as the lines of code needed to express a domain-specific program, similarity to the original notation, and how error-reporting and debugging are supported in a given implementation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a linear algorithm for determining a minimum $2$-rainbow dominating set of a Cartesian product of a tree, where the colors are assigned to each vertex of a graph and each vertex assigns an arbitrary subset of these colors.
Abstract: Assume we have a set of $k$ colors and to each vertex of a graph $G$ we assign an arbitrary subset of these colors. If we require that each vertex to which an empty set is assigned has in its neighborhood all $k$ colors, then this is called the $k$-rainbow dominating function of a graph $G$. The corresponding invariant $\gamma_{{\rm r}k}(G)$, which is the minimum sum of numbers of assigned colors over all vertices of $G$, is called the $k$-rainbow domination number of $G$. In this paper we connect this new concept to usual domination in (products of) graphs, and present its application to paired-domination of Cartesian products of graphs. Finally, we present a linear algorithm for determining a minimum $2$-rainbow dominating set of a tree..
TL;DR: It is shown that an intermediate intensity of temporally and spatially uncorrelated noise is able to optimally assist the pacemaker in achieving this goal, thus providing evidence for stochastic resonance on weakly paced scale-free networks.
Abstract: We study the impact of additive Gaussian noise and weak periodic forcing on the dynamics of a scale-free network of bistable overdamped oscillators. The periodic forcing is introduced to a single oscillator and therefore acts as a pacemaker trying to impose its rhythm on the whole ensemble. We show that an intermediate intensity of temporally and spatially uncorrelated noise is able to optimally assist the pacemaker in achieving this goal, thus providing evidence for stochastic resonance on weakly paced scale-free networks. Because of the inherent degree inhomogeneity of individual oscillators forming the scale-free network, the placement of the pacemaker within the network is thereby crucial. As two extremes, we consider separately the introduction of the pacemaker to the oscillator with the highest degree and to one of the oscillators having the lowest degree. In both cases the coupling strength plays a crucial role, since it determines to what extent the whole network will follow the pacemaker on the expense of a weaker correlation between the pacemaker and the units that are directly linked with the paced oscillator. Higher coupling strengths facilitate the global outreach of the pacemaker, but require higher noise intensities for the optimal response. In contrast, lower coupling strengths and comparatively low noise intensities localize the optimal response to immediate neighbors of the paced oscillator. If the pacemaker is introduced to the main hub, the transition between the locally and globally optimal responses is characterized by a double resonance that postulates the existence of an optimal coupling strength for the transmission of weak rhythmic activity across scale-free networks. We corroborate the importance of the inhomogeneous structure of scale-free networks by additionally considering regular networks of oscillators with different degrees of coupling.
TL;DR: A summary of the most commonly used ecologically unfriendly processes for the reduction and oxidation of vat and sulphur dyes can be found in this paper, where the reduction has been carried out via the dye radical molecule or, in the case of indigo, by direct electrochemical reduction using graphite as the electrode material.
TL;DR: Analysis of constructed wetlands for the dye-rich textile wastewater with special focus on colour reduction unequivocally proved that the CW could offer an optimal solution to meet the environmental legislation as well as requirements for effective and inexpensive textile wastewater treatment.
TL;DR: It is shown that there exists an intermediate noise intensity that is able to extract a characteristic spatial frequency of the system in a resonant manner provided the latter is diffusively coupled, thus indicating the existence of spatial coherence resonance.
Abstract: Spatial coherence resonance in a spatially extended system that is locally modeled by Hodgkin–Huxley (HH) neurons is studied in this paper. We focus on the ability of additive temporally and spatially uncorrelated Gaussian noise to extract a particular spatial frequency of excitatory waves in the medium, whereby examining the impact of diffusive and small-world network topology that determines the interactions amongst coupled HH neurons. We show that there exists an intermediate noise intensity that is able to extract a characteristic spatial frequency of the system in a resonant manner provided the latter is diffusively coupled, thus indicating the existence of spatial coherence resonance. However, as the diffusive topology of the medium is relaxed via the introduction of shortcut links introducing small-world properties amongst coupled HH neurons, the ability of additive Gaussian noise to evoke ordered excitatory waves deteriorates rather spectacularly, leading to the decoherence of the spatial dynamics and with it related absence of spatial coherence resonance. In particular, already a minute fraction of shortcut links suffices to substantially disrupt coherent pattern formation in the examined system.