Showing papers in "Cancer Letters in 2012"

TL;DR: The role of mitochondria in the delayed outcomes of ionization radiation is discussed, and different types of radiation vary in their linear energy transfer (LET) properties, and their effects on various aspects of mitochondrial physiology are discussed.

TL;DR: A new mechanism through which MSC-exosome-mediated cell-cell interactions may contribute to tumor progression is demonstrated, which is demonstrated through which inhibition of ERK1/2 activation reserved the increase of VEGF level by MSC -exosomes.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the application of γ-H2AX-based methods to translational studies to monitor the clinical response to DNA targeted therapies such as some forms of chemotherapy, external beam radiotherapy, radionuclide therapy or combinations thereof.

TL;DR: It has been nearly 9years since the first anti-angiogenic drug was approved for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and continued clinical and preclinical investigations have identified major drawbacks associated with the application of this class of agents, including inherent/acquired resistance and induction of tumor invasiveness.

TL;DR: Although additional studies are required to determine their specific role in the clinical setting, mTOR inhibitors remain a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of cancer.

TL;DR: An overview of short patch base excision repair in humans is provided and current knowledge of defects in base excison repair in mouse models and functional studies on shortPatch base excisions repair germ line polymorphisms and their relationship to cancer are summarized.

TL;DR: validation indicated that miR-378 alone could yields a ROC curve area of 0.861 with 87.5% sensitivity and 70.73% specificity in discriminating GC patients from healthy controls, which support the contention that serum miR -378 has strong potential as a novel noninvasive biomarker in gastric cancer detection.

TL;DR: It is shown that fibroblasts derived from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were significantly superior to foreskin-derived fibro Blasts at inducing NK cell dysfunction, which is characterized by low expression of cytotoxic molecules and surface markers for cell activation, impaired production of cytokines, and decreased cytotoxicity against K562 cells in vitro.

TL;DR: A large body of accumulated evidence suggests that oxidatively induced DNA damage and its repair are important factors in the development of human cancers, and deserves more research to contribute to theDevelopment of cancer biomarkers, DNA repair inhibitors and treatment approaches to better understand and fight cancer.

TL;DR: An emerging line of research is outlined that uncovers and functionally characterizes several novel modes of EGFR signaling that take center stage in the cell nucleus, mitochondrion and other subcellular compartments and contributes to the rationale design for therapeutic strategy that overcomes tumor drug resistance.

TL;DR: Using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technology, it is found that the expression level of piR-823 in gastric cancer tissues was significant lower than that in non-cancerous tissues.

TL;DR: The recent advancement in creation of novel HSP70 inhibitors and different strategies for their use in anti-cancer therapy are analyzed.

TL;DR: The recently available information on the formation and processing of several classes of complex DNA damage formed upon one radical hit including mostly hydroxyl radical and one-electron oxidants is critically reviewed.

TL;DR: The role that adipose tissue might play by locally affecting breast cancer cell behavior and subsequent clinical consequences arising from this dialog are emphasized, and obesity that was identified as an independent negative prognostic factor in breast cancer is addressed.

TL;DR: It is shown that activation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway increases the expression of stem cell genes and promotes the migratory and invasive capacity of glioblastoma.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the different suicide gene systems and gene delivery vectors addressed to cancer, with particular emphasis on recently developed systems and associated bystander effects and provides some insights into the future directions of this approach, particularly towards cancer stem cell eradication.

TL;DR: The pre-clinical chemopreventive and therapeutic properties of selected triterpenoids that inhibit multiple intracellular signaling molecules and transcription factors involved in the initiation, progression and promotion of various cancers are described.

TL;DR: CD133-expressing liver cancer cells following radiation exposure showed higher activation of MAPK/PI3K signaling pathway and reduction in reactive oxygen species levels compared to CD133- cells, suggesting that CD133 contributes to radioresistance in HCC.

TL;DR: Data indicate that MSCs in the bone microenvironment might promote the progression of osteosarcoma and protect tumor cells from drug-induced apoptosis through IL-6/STAT3 signaling.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that SDF-1/CXCR4 modulates the non-canonical Hh pathway by increasing the transcription of SMO in a ligand-independent manner and may represent a promising therapeutic target to prevent pancreatic cancer progression.

TL;DR: It is suggested that autophagy is a potential novel target to improve therapy efficiency of conventional chemotherapeutics towards HCC.

TL;DR: The preclinical results strongly suggest that the use of statins combined with other chemotherapeutics to increase the effectiveness of cancer treatments could be a promising new strategy for the treatment of certain tumor types.

TL;DR: Overall, the compounds that are naturally present in a Graviola extract inhibited multiple signaling pathways that regulate metabolism, cell cycle, survival, and metastatic properties in PC cells, indicating promising characteristics of the natural product against this lethal disease.

TL;DR: This review will focus specifically on the markers used to define human ovarian cancer stem cells, the prognostic implications of the expression of these cancer stem cell markers in patient's primary tumors, and the potential of these tumour stem cells to serve as therapeutic targets.

TL;DR: It is shown that ANO1 mRNA and protein are highly expressed in human metastatic prostate cancer LNCaP and PC-3 cells by quantitative analysis of real-time PCR and Western blot, and inhibition of overexpressed ANO 1 has potential for use in prostate cancer therapy.

TL;DR: The present review focuses on possible implications of SUMOylation in carcinogenesis highlighting its impact as an important regulatory cell cycle protein and novel opportunities for therapeutic approaches are discussed.

TL;DR: F2 induced apoptosis in breast CSCs by activating the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction, and induced the formation of acidic vesicular organelles, recruitment of GFP-LC3-II to autophagosomes, and elevation of Atg-7 levels, suggesting that F2 initiates an autophagic progression in breastCSCs.

TL;DR: Basic principles of PDT, photosensitizers available, and aspects of tumor biology that may provide further opportunities for treatment optimization are described, and an emerging biomodulatory approach, using methotrexate or Vitamin D in combination with aminolevulinate-based PDT, is described.

TL;DR: New developments in the usage of antibodies and their modified forms in conjunction with probes of various imaging modalities in preclinical and clinical studies on the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic responses of cancer are discussed.

TL;DR: Findings show that IFN-γ induces autophagy through IRF-1 signaling pathway and the induction of autophagosome formation and conversion/turnover contributes to the growth-inhibitory effect of IFn-γ with cell death in human liver cancer cells.