Showing papers in "Radiotherapy and Oncology in 2011"

TL;DR: 3D conformal radiotherapy ± chemotherapy plus image (MRI) guided adaptive intracavitary brachytherapy including needle insertion in advanced disease results in local control rates of 95–100% at 3 years in limited/favourable (IB/IIB) and 85–90% in large/poor response (IIB/III/IV) cervix cancer patients associated with a moderate rate of treatment related morbidity.

TL;DR: The benefit of the addition of chemotherapy to locoregional treatment is consistent in all tumour locations of HNSCC, with hazard ratios between 0.87 and 0.88 and the higher benefit of concomitant schedule was demonstrated only for oropharyngeal and laryngeAl tumours but this may be only a consequence of a lack of power.

TL;DR: Breast cancer radiotherapy has, at least until recently, increased the risk of developing ischaemic heart disease, pericarditis and valvular disease and women with ischaemia heart disease before breast cancer diagnosis may have incurred higher risks than others.

TL;DR: There is level 1a evidence in favour of adding hypoxic modification to radiotherapy of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, and analysis of HNSCC trials using conventional fractionation only showed that the significant effect of hypoxic modifications was maintained.

TL;DR: In a large, randomised trial, there was no loss of efficacy associated with radiotherapy doses of 24Gy in indolent NHL and 30Gy in aggressive NHL, compared with previous standard doses of 40-45Gy.

TL;DR: The data clearly indicate that radioresistant breast tumor cells show a strong post-irradiation induction of autophagy, which thus serves as a protective and pro-survival mechanism in radioresistance.

TL;DR: At 3years median follow-up, 28.5Gy in5 fractions is comparable to 50Gy in 25 fractions, and significantly milder than 30Gy in 5 fractions, in terms of adverse effects in the breast, according to physician-assessed moderate/marked adverse effects.

TL;DR: A mechanism by which the tumor microenvironment may contribute to tumor radioresistance via E-cadherin loss and EMT is described.

TL;DR: It is suggested that GNP radiosensitisation is driven by inhomogeneities in dose on the nanoscale, rather than changes in dose over the entire cell, which may contribute to the similar radiosensItisation observed in megavoltage and kilovoltage experiments.

TL;DR: The observed benefit is independent of tumour p16-status and the use of a moderately accelerated radiotherapy regimen seems advantageous also for HPV/p16-positive HNSCC.

TL;DR: Recent findings that two-ended D SBs directly induced by X- or γ-rays in late S- or G2-phase are repaired predominantly by NHEJ, with HR only repairing a sub-fraction of such DSBs suggest that the speed of repair is an important factor determining the DSB repair pathway usage.

TL;DR: Specific inhibition of CAIX activity enhanced the effect of tumor irradiation and might, therefore, be an attractive strategy to improve overall cancer treatment.

TL;DR: Combined FMISO-PET imaging and IMRT planning permit delivery of higher doses to hypoxic regions, increasing the predicted TCP (mean 17%) without increasing expected complications.

TL;DR: Different stem cell-associated markers are expressed in mouse salivary gland cells, which upon transplantation are able to regenerate the irradiation damaged salivaries, resulting in stem cell marker-specific recovery of salivARY gland function.

TL;DR: In terms of dynamic behavior, the gimbaled linac of the VERO system showed to be an excellent approach for providing accurate real-time tumor tracking in radiation therapy.

TL;DR: All modalities evaluated provide adequate coverage of the intact breast, although HT results in increased low doses to large volume of normal tissue, and for-IMRT improves target homogeneity compared with 3DCRT, but to a lesser degree than the inverse-planned modalities.

TL;DR: Institutional guidelines for the delineation of potential SWOARs are described, accompanied by CT-based illustrations presenting examples of the delineated structures and their corresponding anatomic borders to ensure adequate interpretation of future reports on the relationship between dose distribution and different aspects of post-treatment swallowing dysfunction.

TL;DR: Loss of E-cadherin and gain of vimentin may be associated with enhanced migration of tumour cells, leading to higher metastatic risk of HNSCC patients.

TL;DR: Similar OS outcomes are achieved with surgery or SBRT for stage I NSCLC in elderly patients, andLimiting the analysis to S BRT patients with pathological confirmation of disease and their matches revealed no significant difference between groups.

TL;DR: FDG-PET improved the GTV definition in NSCLC including when the primary tumor was surrounded by modifications of the lung parenchyma, and among various PET segmentation methods, the gradient-based technique best estimated the true tumor volume.

TL;DR: MR-alone bulk density planning is feasible provided bone is assigned a density, however, manual segmentation of bone on MR images will have to be replaced with automatic methods.

TL;DR: Dose escalation should be considered to achieve good local control for colorectal OLTs after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), as the LCR for OLTs from origins other than coloreCTal cancer is excellent, however, LCR is worse than that from other origins.

TL;DR: The data suggest that melanomas are not uniformly radioresistant with a significant subset displaying inherent radiosensitivity, suggesting that this combination approach could provide improved radiotherapeutic response in B-Raf+ melanoma patients.

TL;DR: The higher efficacy of CHARTWEL versus CF in advanced stages and after chemotherapy provides a basis for further trials on treatment intensification for locally advanced NSCLC.

TL;DR: Non-adaptive proton therapy had a more favorable dosimetric profile than IMRT or adaptive IMRT and may obviate the need for adaptive planning, and should be considered for SCCHN to decrease normal tissue toxicity while still providing optimal tumor coverage.

TL;DR: With 12-year follow-up, APBI produced outcomes equivalent to WBI, and patients treated with APBI also had similar failure patterns to those managed with WBI following LR.

TL;DR: Considering late mucosal ulcers as DLT, the MTD of a median dose of 80.9 Gy has been reached in a phase I trial on adaptive dose-painting-by-numbers for non-metastatic head and neck cancer.

TL;DR: It is concluded that SRT for brain metastases should preferably be applied with a BED(12) of at least 40Gy corresponding with a single fraction of 20Gy, two fractions of 11.6Gy or three fractions of 8.5Gy.

TL;DR: With FET-PET-CT planning, the size and geometrical location of GTVs/BTVs differed in a majority of patients, leaving it remains open whether F-fluoroethyltyrosine-based target definition has a relevant clinical impact for treatment planning.

TL;DR: The current status of salvage strategies in recurrent high grade glioma is reviewed to review the relative value of each approach compared to other options as it remains open which sequence of modalities should be chosen.