Showing papers in "Sleep Medicine Reviews in 2018"

TL;DR: Recent advances in the understanding of OSA pathogenesis according to a phenotypic approach, emerging tools to identify the phenotypes, and potential new therapeutic pathways and interventions to treat this common disorder are summarized.

TL;DR: There is a wealth of evidence to say that sleep impacts maternal health during pregnancy, however, little has been published on fetal health and maternal sleep, and existing evidence suggests that this is an important area for future research.

TL;DR: An update to the 2005 review which explored the association between OSA and metabolic syndrome, highlighting visceral obesity as the common etiological factor of both conditions is provided.

TL;DR: Older age, morning-type, circadian flexibility, being married or having children, increased caffeine intake, higher scores on neuroticism and lower on hardiness were related to a higher risk of sleep-related impairment in response to shift work, whereas physical activity was a protective factor.

TL;DR: This review aims to gather the current knowledge extending from the cell to the clinic, in order to construct an overview of what is currently known about so-called SWS, and describes its role in physiology and cognition to assess its association with clinical aspects.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that when insomnia is frequent, chronic, and/or accompanied with short sleep duration or objective markers of arousal, there is a strong association with hypertension/BP.

TL;DR: The use of consumer-targeted wearable and mobile sleep monitoring technology has largely focused on validation of devices and applications compared with polysomnography but opportunities exist for observational research and for delivery of behavioral interventions.

TL;DR: Results showed significant effects for individual face-to-face CBT-I on depressive symptoms but not on fatigue symptoms, with high heterogeneity between studies, and highlight the need to reduce variability between study methodologies.

TL;DR: The underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of sleep discrepancy and paradoxical insomnia should be further investigated and well-controlled clinical trials are needed to establish an evidence based intervention for treatment.

TL;DR: The notion of a reciprocal relationship between subjective sleep variables (sleep quality, sleep duration and sleep latency) and daytime affective states over the short term is supported, and the potential clinical importance of daily sleep disturbance in the prediction and prevention of the development of psychopathology in the future is highlighted.

TL;DR: It is proposed that nonlinear measures may provide extensive insights into brain activities during sleep, and the most commonly used nonlinear methods based on the concepts of fractals and entropy are introduced.

TL;DR: Hyperarousal, as opposed to neurodegenerative changes in RBD, is a component of TSD that likely contributes to overriding atonia during REM sleep and the comorbid diagnosis of insomnia.

TL;DR: Although the research presented supports and offers more insight into the importance of sleep for the developing brain of children and adolescents, no firm conclusions that apply broadly may be drawn from these results, particularly because of the diversity of the sleep variables and outcomes.

TL;DR: It is concluded that TNF is involved in sleep regulation acting within an extensive tightly orchestrated biochemical network to niche-adapt sleep in health and disease.

TL;DR: It is found no significant convergent evidence for combination of structural atrophy and functional disturbances across previous studies, and future neuroimaging studies on insomnia disorder should include larger well-characterized samples, as well as standard imaging and analysis protocols.

TL;DR: The objective of this research is to review publications that show the performance of different devices for ambulatory diagnosis of sleep apnea, and to determine the sensors that provided the best results.

TL;DR: Curvilinear dose-response associations between sleep duration and the risks of suicidal ideation and attempts and a linear dose- response relationship between sleepduration and suicide plan risk are suggested.

TL;DR: This research highlights the importance of considering sleepwalking in risk profiles in clinical trials, particularly for drugs that enhance GABA activity at the GABAA receptor, enhance serotonergic activity, or block the activity of noradrenaline at β receptors.

TL;DR: The results showed that even fragile populations such as the elderly and dialysis patients can benefit from acupressure, within the limitations of clinical heterogeneity.

TL;DR: This review will focus on chronic fatigue syndrome, bipolar disorder, and multiple sclerosis as exemplars of neuro-immune disorders, and concludes that novel therapeutic targets exploring immune and oxidative & nitrosative pathways hold promise in alleviating sleep and circadian dysfunction in these disorders.

TL;DR: Commonalities across NDD populations, as well as the TD population, for both sleep problems reported and behavioural interventions implemented, suggest the feasibility of developing a transdiagnostic behavioural sleep intervention suitable for children with a range of NDD.

TL;DR: A systematic review of the evidence examining the relationship between sleep duration and risk-taking in adolescents was conducted using PsycINFO, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and CINAHL databases and indicated that insufficient sleep was associated with 1.43 times greater odds of risk- taking.

TL;DR: Diminished total sleep times and sleep disruption were most commonly reported, especially among the most vulnerable populations including the elderly and low-income; however, the body of evidence was limited and further well-designed human studies are clearly needed.

TL;DR: Many fluid biomarkers linked to Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia show abnormal levels in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea, suggesting that these conditions share common underlying mechanisms, including amyloid and tau protein neuropathology, inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic disturbances.

TL;DR: This systematic review showed an association between sleeping hours and eating habits in children and education regarding sleep should be recommended in children in order to avoid unhealthy eating habits.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that idiopathic RBD patients are on the path to developing a synucleinopathy is supported by a meta-analysis of literature data regarding presynaptic dopaminergic neuroimaging in RBD.

TL;DR: The current review summarizes the literature on cortisol rhythmicity in subjects with chronic insomnia, and proffers the suggestion that it may be abnormalities in the ultradian rather than circadian cortisol that is associated with the pathophysiology of insomnia.

TL;DR: There are fewer data to support NIV use for many additional conditions, including obstructive sleep apnea and spinal muscular atrophy, while there are considerable data for the most common conditions.

TL;DR: Recent large inter-ethnic studies examining different ethnic populations using standardized protocols support the notion that Chinese have an increased OSA prevalence and severity compared to those of European descent, and some data suggest that Hispanic/Mexican Americans also show higher rates of OSA, while OSO prevalence in African Americans is not dissimilar to that of populations of European ancestry.

TL;DR: Overall, surgical weight loss resulted in reduction of BMI and AHI, however, OSA persisted at follow-up in the majority of subjects, and there was high between-study heterogeneity which was largely attributable to baseline AHI and duration of follow- up when analysed using meta-regression.