Acinetobacter baumannii: Human infections, factors contributing to pathogenesis and animal models
TLDR
This review summarizes the characteristics of A. baumannii that contribute to its pathogenesis, with a focus on motility, adherence, biofilm formation, and iron acquisition.Abstract:
Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a medically important pathogen because of the increasing number of infections produced by this organism over the preceding three decades and the global spread of strains with resistance to multiple antibiotic classes. In spite of its clinical relevance, until recently, there have been few studies addressing the factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of this organism. The availability of complete genome sequences, molecular tools for manipulating the bacterial genome, and animal models of infection have begun to facilitate the identification of factors that play a role in A. baumannii persistence and infection. This review summarizes the characteristics of A. baumannii that contribute to its pathogenesis, with a focus on motility, adherence, biofilm formation, and iron acquisition. In addition, the virulence factors that have been identified to date, which include the outer membrane protein OmpA, phospholipases, membrane polysaccharide components, penicillin-binding proteins, and outer membrane vesicles, are discussed. Animal models systems that have been developed during the last 15 years for the study of A. baumannii infection are overviewed, and the recent use of these models to identify factors involved in virulence and pathogenesis is highlighted.read more
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Azithromycin Attenuates Lung Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia by Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Koichi Yamada,Katsunori Yanagihara,Norihito Kaku,Yosuke Harada,Yohei Migiyama,Kentaro Nagaoka,Yoshitomo Morinaga,Shigeki Nakamura,Yoshifumi Imamura,Taiga Miyazaki,Koichi Izumikawa,Hiroshi Kakeya,Hiroo Hasegawa,Hiroshige Mikamo,Shigeru Kohno +14 more
TL;DR: Histopathological examination of lung specimens indicated that the progression of lung inflammation was prevented in the AZM-treated groups, and azithromycin may have a role for the treatment of VAP with MDRAB because of its anti-inflammatory effects.
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Inhibition of LpxC increases antibiotic susceptibility in Acinetobacter baumannii
Meritxell García-Quintanilla,José M. Caro-Vega,Marina R. Pulido,Patricia Moreno-Martínez,Jerónimo Pachón,Michael J. McConnell +5 more
TL;DR: The presence of PF-5081090 at 32 mg/liter increased susceptibility to rifampin, vancomycin, azithromycin, imipenem, and amikacin but had no effect on susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and tigecycline.
Journal ArticleDOI
Surprising synergy of dual translation inhibition vs. Acinetobacter baumannii and other multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens.
Nicholas Dillon,Michelle Holland,Hannah Tsunemoto,Bryan Hancock,Ingrid Cornax,Joe Pogliano,George Sakoulas,George Sakoulas,Victor Nizet,Victor Nizet +9 more
TL;DR: An unexpected potent synergy of two translation inhibitors against the pathogen is shown, speeding the initiation and extending the duration of translation inhibition as verified by FICI, BCP and kinetic luminescence markers.
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UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (MurA) of Acinetobacter baumannii (AbMurA): Structural and functional properties.
TL;DR: This work presents the biochemical and structural features of the MurA enzyme of the opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii (AbMurA) and suggests them to be a promising drug target.
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Multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii hospital infection associated with high mortality: a retrospective study in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Jingyi Shi,Ting Sun,Yun Cui,Chunxia Wang,Fei Wang,Yiping Zhou,Huijie Miao,Yijun Shan,Yucai Zhang +8 more
TL;DR: This retrospective study included 102 pediatric patients who developed MDR/XDR Acinetobacter baumannii infection in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of Shanghai Children’s Hospital in China from December 2014 to May 2018, and indicated that bloodstream and central nervous system infection accounted for high risk of death.
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