An Overview of Heart Rate Variability Metrics and Norms.
Fred Shaffer,Jay P. Ginsberg +1 more
TLDR
Current perspectives on the mechanisms that generate 24 h, short-term (<5 min), and ultra-short-term HRV are reviewed, and the importance of HRV, and its implications for health and performance are reviewed.Abstract:
Healthy biological systems exhibit complex patterns of variability that can be described by mathematical chaos. Heart rate variability (HRV) consists of changes in the time intervals between consecutive heartbeats called interbeat intervals (IBIs). A healthy heart is not a metronome. The oscillations of a healthy heart are complex and constantly changing, which allow the cardiovascular system to rapidly adjust to sudden physical and psychological challenges to homeostasis. This article briefly reviews current perspectives on the mechanisms that generate 24 h, short-term (~5 min), and ultra-short-term (<5 min) HRV, the importance of HRV, and its implications for health and performance. The authors provide an overview of widely-used HRV time-domain, frequency-domain, and non-linear metrics. Time-domain indices quantify the amount of HRV observed during monitoring periods that may range from ~2 min to 24 h. Frequency-domain values calculate the absolute or relative amount of signal energy within component bands. Non-linear measurements quantify the unpredictability and complexity of a series of IBIs. The authors survey published normative values for clinical, healthy, and optimal performance populations. They stress the importance of measurement context, including recording period length, subject age, and sex, on baseline HRV values. They caution that 24 h, short-term, and ultra-short-term normative values are not interchangeable. They encourage professionals to supplement published norms with findings from their own specialized populations. Finally, the authors provide an overview of HRV assessment strategies for clinical and optimal performance interventions.read more
Citations
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Physiologic Response to the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine Measured Using Wearable Devices: Prospective Observational Study.
Alexander G. Hajduczok,Kara DiJoseph,Brinnae Bent,Audrey Thorp,Jon B. Mullholand,Stuart A MacKay,Sabrina Barik,Jamie J. Coleman,Catharine I. Paules,Andrew Tinsley +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a wearable device (WHOOP Strap 3.0) was used to monitor the response of COVID-19 vaccines to a small cohort of participants using a prospective observational study.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Chronic and State Loneliness on Heart Rate Variability in Women.
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that chronic loneliness is associated with altered parasympathetic function (both resting HRV and HRV reactivity) in women, and that the immediate experience of state loneliness is linked to a proximate increase in HRV among chronically lonely women.
Journal ArticleDOI
Absence of reliable physiological signature of illusory body ownership revealed by fine-grained autonomic measurement during the rubber hand illusion.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tested if an altered representation of physical self (illusory embodiment of an artificial hand) is accompanied by sustained shifts in autonomic activity and found that such changes in bodily physiology are not sustained as an obligatory component of the rubber hand illusion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Short-term differences in cardiac function following controlled exposure to cookstove air pollution: The subclinical tests on volunteers exposed to smoke (STOVES) study.
Tom Cole-Hunter,Radhika Dhingra,Kristen M. Fedak,Nicholas Good,Christian L'Orange,Gary J. Luckasen,John Mehaffy,Ethan Walker,Ander Wilson,John R. Balmes,Robert D. Brook,Maggie L. Clark,Robert B. Devlin,John Volckens,Jennifer L. Peel +14 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that cookstoves with lower PM2.5 emissions are potentially capable of affecting cardiac function, similar to stoves emitting higher PM2-5 emissions.
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Measuring the effects of night-shift work on cardiac autonomic modulation: an appraisal of heart rate variability metrics.
TL;DR: The main conclusion across these studies was that night-shift work could increase the sympathetic influences on the variability between heartbeats.
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