Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of cytokines by immunofluorescence and the paraformaldehyde-saponin procedure
TLDR
The use of in situ hybridization offers a highly sensitive method to study cytokine production in individual cells, but the technqiue is fairly time-consuming and the presence of cytokine mRNA does not guarantee that it will be translated.Abstract:
Cytokine production needs to be evaluated by multiple approaches since all existing methods for quantification are hampered by various drawbacks. Bioassays measure functional properties, but they are rarely monospecific and the results are influenced by inhibitory factors. Techniques based on ELISA and RIA systems are highly specific but do not distinguish between biologically active and inactive substances. Furthennore, these assays determine the extracellular presence of a secreted interieukin, reflecting the net outcome of produced, absorbed and degraded cytokine. The demonstration of a receptor-directed focusing of lymphokine release by helper T cells (Poo et al. 1988) argues for direct cellular approach to cytokine assessment. The use of in situ hybridization offers a highly sensitive method to study cytokine production in individual cells, but the technqiue is fairly time-consuming and the presence of cytokine mRNA does not guarantee that it will be translated.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
High mobility group 1 protein (HMG-1) stimulates proinflammatory cytokine synthesis in human monocytes.
Ulf Andersson,Haichao Wang,Karin Palmblad,Ann-Charlotte Aveberger,Ona Bloom,Helena Erlandsson-Harris,Alfred Janson,R. Kokkola,Minghuang Zhang,Huan Yang,Kevin J. Tracey +10 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that, like other cytokine mediators of endotoxin lethality (e.g., TNF and IL-1), extracellular HMG-1 is a regulator of monocyte proinflammatory cytokine synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pulmonary dendritic cells producing IL-10 mediate tolerance induced by respiratory exposure to antigen.
TL;DR: It is shown that IL-10 production by DCs is critical for the induction of tolerance, and that phenotypically mature pulmonary DCs mediate tolerance induced by respiratory exposure to antigen.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detection of intracellular cytokines by flow cytometry
TL;DR: In this article, the carboxylic ionophore monensin was used to interrupt intracellular transport processes leading to an accumulation of the cytokine in the Golgi complex.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antigen-specific regulatory T cells develop via the ICOS–ICOS-ligand pathway and inhibit allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity
Omid Akbari,Gordon J. Freeman,Everett Meyer,Edward A. Greenfield,Tammy T. Chang,Arlene H. Sharpe,Gerald J. Berry,Rosemarie H. DeKruyff,Dale T. Umetsu +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that TR cells and the ICOS–ICOS-ligand signaling pathway are critically involved in respiratory tolerance and in downregulating pulmonary inflammation in asthma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy for Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome—A Comparative Observational Study
Rupert Kaul,Allison McGeer,Anna Norrby-Teglund,Malak Kotb,Benjamin Schwartz,Keith O'Rourke,James Talbot,Donald E. Low +7 more
TL;DR: IVIG therapy enhanced the ability of patient plasma to neutralize bacterial mitogenicity and reduced T cell production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha and may be an effective adjunctive therapy for streptococcal TSS.
References
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Ian W. Mclean,Paul K. Nakane +1 more
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Hajime Karasuyama,Fritz Melchers +1 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of the Murine Antigenic Determinant, Designated L3T4a, Recognized by Monoclonal Antibody GK 1.5: Expression of L3T4a by Functional T Cell Clones Appears to Correlate Primarily with Class II MHC Antigen‐Reactivity
D P Dialynas,D B Wilde,Philippa Marrack,A. Pierres,Katherine A. Wall,Wendy L. Havran,G. Otten,Michael R. Loken,Michel Pierres,John W. Kappler,F. W. Fitch +10 more
TL;DR: The properties of mAb GK1.5 (complement fixation, reactivity with all mouse strains tested, profound blocking of all class II MHC antigen-specific functions by murine T cells, usefulness for FACS analyses, and usefulness for immuno-precipitation/SDS-PAGE analyses) make it suitable for investigating both the role ofclass II M HC antigen-reactive T cells in various immunological phenomena and the mechanistic basis, at the molecular level
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