Autophagic programmed cell death by selective catalase degradation
Li Yu,Fengyi Wan,Sudeshna Dutta,Sarah Welsh,Zhi Hua Liu,Eric C. Freundt,Eric C. Freundt,Eric H. Baehrecke,Michael J. Lenardo +8 more
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TLDR
It is shown that caspase inhibition leading to cell death by means of autophagy involves reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, membrane lipid oxidation, and loss of plasma membrane integrity.Abstract:
Autophagy plays a central role in regulating important cellular functions such as cell survival during starvation and control of infectious pathogens Recently, it has been shown that autophagy can induce cells to die; however, the mechanism of the autophagic cell death program is unclear We now show that caspase inhibition leading to cell death by means of autophagy involves reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, membrane lipid oxidation, and loss of plasma membrane integrity Inhibition of autophagy by chemical compounds or knocking down the expression of key autophagy proteins such as ATG7, ATG8, and receptor interacting protein (RIP) blocks ROS accumulation and cell death The cause of abnormal ROS accumulation is the selective autophagic degradation of the major enzymatic ROS scavenger, catalase Caspase inhibition directly induces catalase degradation and ROS accumulation, which can be blocked by autophagy inhibitors These findings unveil a molecular mechanism for the role of autophagy in cell death and provide insight into the complex relationship between ROS and nonapoptotic programmed cell deathread more
Citations
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Autophagy: process and function
TL;DR: In this review, the process of autophagy is summarized, and the role of autophileagy is discussed in a process-based manner.
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Self-eating and self-killing: crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis
TL;DR: The functional relationship between apoptosis and autophagy is complex in the sense that, under certain circumstances,autophagy constitutes a stress adaptation that avoids cell death (and suppresses apoptosis), whereas in other cellular settings, it constitutes an alternative cell-death pathway.
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Physiological roles of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.
Laura A. Sena,Navdeep S. Chandel +1 more
TL;DR: More and more evidence suggests that mROS are critical for healthy cell function, and this evidence is discussed following some background on the generation and regulation ofmROS.
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Role of autophagy in cancer
TL;DR: Evidence suggests that autophagy provides a protective function to limit tumour necrosis and inflammation, and to mitigate genome damage in tumour cells in response to metabolic stress.
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Reactive oxygen species are essential for autophagy and specifically regulate the activity of Atg4
TL;DR: The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as signaling molecules in starvation‐induced autophagy is described and a cysteine residue located near the HsAtg4 catalytic site is specified as a critical for this regulation.
References
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Mitochondria, Oxidants, and Aging
TL;DR: The evidence is reviewed that both supports and conflicts with the free radical theory of aging and the growing link between mitochondrial metabolism, oxidant formation, and the biology of aging is examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Autophagy as a Regulated Pathway of Cellular Degradation
Daniel J. Klionsky,Scott D. Emr +1 more
TL;DR: The core protein machinery that is necessary to drive formation and consumption of intermediates in the macroautophagy pathway includes a ubiquitin-like protein conjugation system and a protein complex that directs membrane docking and fusion at the lysosome or vacuole.
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The role of autophagy during the early neonatal starvation period
Akiko Kuma,Masahiko Hatano,Makoto Matsui,Makoto Matsui,Akitsugu Yamamoto,Haruaki Nakaya,Tamotsu Yoshimori,Yoshinori Ohsumi,Takeshi Tokuhisa,Noboru Mizushima,Noboru Mizushima,Noboru Mizushima +11 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that the production of amino acids by autophagic degradation of ‘self’ proteins, which allows for the maintenance of energy homeostasis, is important for survival during neonatal starvation.
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Programmed Cell Death in Animal Development
TL;DR: Because of the limited number of references allowed, the authors were unable to cite many important papers; they apologize to their authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Promotion of tumorigenesis by heterozygous disruption of the beclin 1 autophagy gene
Xueping Qu,Jie Yu,Govind Bhagat,Norihiko Furuya,Hanina Hibshoosh,Andrea B. Troxel,Jeffrey M. Rosen,Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen,Noboru Mizushima,Yoshinori Ohsumi,Giorgio Cattoretti,Beth Levine +11 more
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