Journal ArticleDOI
Binding activities of a repertoire of single immunoglobulin variable domains secreted from Escherichia coli
TLDR
Isolated variable domains may offer an alternative to monoclonal antibodies and serve as the key to building high-affinity human antibodies and the name 'single domain antibodies (dAbs)' is suggested for these antigen binding demands.Abstract:
IN antibodies, a heavy and a light chain variable domain, VH and VL, respectively, pack together and the hypervariable loops on each domain contribute to binding antigen1–4. We find, however, that isolated VH domains with good antigen-binding affinities can also be prepared. Using the polymerase chain reaction5, diverse libraries of VH genes were cloned from the spleen genomic DNA of mice immunized with either lysozyme or keyhole-limpet haemocyanin. From these libraries, VH domains were expressed and secreted from Escherichia coli. Binding activities were detected against both antigens, and two VH domains were characterized with affinities for lysozyme in the 20 nM range. Isolated variable domains may offer an alternative to monoclonal antibodies and serve as the key to building high-affinity human antibodies. We suggest the name 'single domain antibodies (dAbs)' for these antigen binding demands.read more
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Patent
Methods for treating hypercholesterolemia and reducing LDL-C using antibodies to PCSK9
Mark W. Sleeman,Joel H. Martin,Tammy T. Huang,Douglas MacDonald,Gary Swergold,Robert Pordy,William J. Sasiela +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented methods for treating hypercholesterolemia and reducing LDL-C. The methods of the present invention comprise administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutic composition comprising an anti-PCSK9 antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof.
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Journal ArticleDOI
General in vitro method to analyze the interactions of synthetic polymers with human antibody repertoires.
Anandakumar Soshee,Stefan Zürcher,Nicholas D. Spencer,Avraham Halperin,Clément Nizak,Clément Nizak +5 more
TL;DR: This study pioneers the use of antibody phage-display to explore the antigenicity of biotechnologically relevant polymers and paves the way for a fast, cost-effective, and systematic in vitro analysis, thus reducing the need for animal immunization experiments.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cleavage of Structural Proteins during the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T4
TL;DR: Using an improved method of gel electrophoresis, many hitherto unknown proteins have been found in bacteriophage T4 and some of these have been identified with specific gene products.
Journal Article
Cleavage of structural proteins during the assemble of the head of bacterio-phage T4
TL;DR: Using an improved method of gel electrophoresis, many hitherto unknown proteins have been found in bacteriophage T4 and some of these have been identified with specific gene products as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications.
TL;DR: A method has been devised for the electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets that results in quantitative transfer of ribosomal proteins from gels containing urea.
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Experiments in molecular genetics
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Journal ArticleDOI
Improved M13 phage cloning vectors and host strains: nucleotide sequences of the M13mp18 and pUC19 vectors
TL;DR: New Escherichia coli host strains have been constructed for the E. coli bacteriophage M13 and the high-copy-number pUC-plasmid cloning vectors and mutations introduced into these strains improve cloning of unmodified DNA and of repetitive sequences.
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