Journal ArticleDOI
C-, N-Vacancy defect engineered polymeric carbon nitride towards photocatalysis: viewpoints and challenges
Abhinandan Kumar,Pankaj Raizada,Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei,Vijay Kumar Thakur,Van-Huy Nguyen,Pardeep Singh +5 more
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TLDR
In this paper, a comprehensive study on vacancy defect engineered graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4; abbreviated as GCN) photocatalysts is presented.Abstract:
As an alluring metal-free polymeric semiconductor material, graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4; abbreviated as GCN) has triggered a new impetus in the field of photocatalysis, mainly favoured from its fascinating physicochemical and photoelectronic structural features. However, certain inherent drawbacks, involving rapid reassembly of photocarriers, low specific surface area and insufficient optical absorption, limit the wide-range applicability of GCN. Generation of 0D point defects mainly by introducing vacancies (C and/or N) into the framework of GCN has spurred extensive consideration owing to their distinctive qualities to manoeuvre substantially, the optical absorption, radiative carrier isolation, and surface photoreactions. The present review endeavours to summarise a comprehensive study on vacancy defect engineered GCN. Starting from the basic introduction of defects and C/N vacancy modulated GCN, numerous advanced strategies for the controlled designing of vacancy rich GCN have been explored and discussed. Afterwards, light was thrown on the various substantial technologies which are useful for characterising and identifying the introduction of defects in GCN. The salient significance of defect engineering in GCN has been reviewed concerning its impact on optical absorption, charge isolation and surface photoreaction ability. Typically, the achievement of defect engineered GCN has been scrutinised toward various applications like photocatalytic water splitting, CO2 conversion, N2 fixation, pollutant degradation, and H2O2 production. Finally, the review ends with conclusions and vouchsafing future challenges and opportunities on the intriguing and emerging area of vacancy defect engineered GCN photocatalysts.read more
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Selective photocatalytic N₂ fixation dependent on g-C₃N₄ induced by nitrogen vacancies
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined that nitrogen vacancies (NVs) could endow graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) with the photocatalytic N₂ fixation ability.
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Advanced activation of persulfate by polymeric g-C3N4 based photocatalysts for environmental remediation: A review.
Vasudha Hasija,Van-Huy Nguyen,Ajay Kumar,Pankaj Raizada,Venkata Krishnan,Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan,Pardeep Singh,Eric Lichtfouse,Chuanyi Wang,Pham Thi Huong +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent work on heterojunction formation (type-II and direct Z-scheme) to achieve the bandgap for extended visible light absorption and improved charge carrier separation for efficient photocatalytic efficiency is presented.
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Step-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts for solar energy, water splitting, CO2 conversion, and bacterial inactivation: a review
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TL;DR: In this paper, a charge transfer of S-scheme heterojunctions involving a reduction and oxidation photocatalyst in staggered band arrangement with Fermi level differences is discussed.
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Z-scheme photocatalysts for visible-light-driven pollutants degradation: A review on recent advancements
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References
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Metal-free efficient photocatalyst for stable visible water splitting via a two-electron pathway
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TL;DR: The design and fabrication of a metal-free carbon nanodot–carbon nitride (C3N4) nanocomposite is reported and its impressive performance for photocatalytic solar water splitting is demonstrated.
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Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants over titanium dioxide : A review of fundamentals, progress and problems
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