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DANMAP 2016 - Use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, food and humans in Denmark

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Borck Høg, Birgitte; Korsgaard, Helle Bisgaard; Wolff Sönksen, Ute; Torpdahl, Mia; Vorobieva, Veronika as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract
Borck Høg, Birgitte; Korsgaard, Helle Bisgaard; Wolff Sönksen, Ute; Bager, Flemming; Bortolaia, Valeria; Ellis-Iversen, Johanne; Hendriksen, Rene S.; Borck Høg, Birgitte; Jensen, Lars Bogø; Korsgaard, Helle Bisgaard; Pedersen, Karl; Dalby, Tine; Træholt Franck, Kristina ; Hammerum, Anette M; Hasman, Henrik; Hoffmann, Steen; Gaardbo Kuhn, Katrin; Rhod Larsen, Anders; Larsen, Jesper; Møller Nielsen, Eva; Schytte Olsen, Stefan; Petersen, Andreas; Roer, Louise; Skovgaard, Sissel; Wolff Sönksen, Ute; Torpdahl, Mia; Vorobieva, Veronika

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Antimicrobial Resistance of Faecal Escherichia coli Isolates from Pig Farms with Different Durations of In‐feed Antimicrobial Use

TL;DR: Categorization of farms as long‐ or short‐term use was sufficient to predict the likely occurrence of resistance to 3 antimicrobial classes and could provide an aid in the control of resistance in the food chain.
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Colistin Resistance in Enterobacterales Strains - A Current View.

TL;DR: Various methods, from classical microbiology to molecular biology methods, are used to detect the colistin-resistant bacterial strains and to identify resistance mechanisms and the broth dilution method is recommended for susceptibility testing of bacteria tocolistin.
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Optimization of Antimicrobial Treatment to Minimize Resistance Selection.

TL;DR: This article focuses on prevention of antimicrobial resistance and its complex relationship with treatment efficacy, highlighting key situations where the current antimicrobial drug products, treatment recommendations, and practices may be insufficient to minimize antimicrobial selection.
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Photocatalytic degradation of veterinary antibiotics: Biodegradability and antimicrobial activity of intermediates

TL;DR: The important conclusion of this research is that partial photocatalytic mineralization of each of the studied antibiotic solutions resulted in the complete disappearance of their antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms.
References
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Iconographies supplémentaires de l'article : Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus : a side-effect of environmental fungicide use?

Abstract: Invasive aspergillosis due to multi-azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus has emerged in the Netherlands since 1999, with 6.0-12.8% of patients harbouring resistant isolates. The presence of a single resistance mechanism (denoted by TR/L98H), which consists of a substitution at codon 98 of cyp51A and a 34-bp tandem repeat in the gene-promoter region, was found in over 90% of clinical A fumigatus isolates. This is consistent with a route of resistance development through exposure to azole compounds in the environment. Indeed, TR/L98H A fumigatus isolates were cultured from soil and compost, were shown to be cross-resistant to azole fungicides, and genetically related to clinical resistant isolates. Azoles are abundantly used in the environment and the presence of A fumigatus resistant to medical triazoles is a major challenge because of the possibility of worldwide spread of resistant isolates. Reports of TR/L98H in other European countries indicate that resistance might already be spreading.
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Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: Can We Retain the Clinical Use of Mold-Active Antifungal Azoles?

TL;DR: Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus has now been reported from 6 continents and is emerging as a global health problem.
Journal ArticleDOI

A new probability formula for surveys to substantiate freedom from disease.

TL;DR: A new formula is presented that calculates the exact probability of detecting diseased animals, and considers both imperfect tests and finite population size, and enables the accurate calculation of survey sample-size requirements, and the precise analysis of survey results.
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