Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamics of Synthetic Membraneless Organelles in Microfluidic Droplets
Miriam Linsenmeier,Marie R.G. Kopp,Fulvio Grigolato,Leonidas Emmanoulidis,Dany Liu,Dominik Zürcher,Maria Hondele,Karsten Weis,Umberto Capasso Palmiero,Paolo Arosio +9 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
The microfluidics approach represents an attractive platform to investigate the dynamics of compartmentalization in artificial cells in the absence and presence of network structures and shows that the characteristic time scale of phase separation decreases linearly with increasing the volume of the compartment.Abstract:
Cells can form membraneless organelles by liquid-liquid phase separation. As these organelles are highly dynamic, it is crucial to understand the kinetics of these phase transitions. Here, we use droplet-based microfluidics to mix reagents by chaotic advection and observe nucleation, growth, and coarsening in volumes comparable to cells (pL) and on timescales of seconds. We apply this platform to analyze the dynamics of synthetic organelles formed by the DEAD-box ATPase Dhh1 and RNA, which are associated with the formation of processing bodies in yeast. We show that the timescale of phase separation decreases linearly as the volume of the compartment increases. Moreover, the synthetic organelles coarsen into one single droplet via gravity-induced coalescence, which can be arrested by introducing a hydrogel matrix that mimics the cytoskeleton. This approach is an attractive platform to investigate the dynamics of compartmentalization in artificial cells.read more
Citations
More filters
Biomimetic peptide self-assembly for functional materials
Aviad Levin,Tuuli A. Hakala,Lee Schnaider,Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes,Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes,Ehud Gazit,Tuomas P. J. Knowles +6 more
TL;DR: This Review describes how synthetic peptides afford tunable scaffolds for biomineralization, drug delivery and tissue growth and discusses recent conceptual and experimental advances in self-assembling artificial peptidic materials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Connecting Coil-to-Globule Transitions to Full Phase Diagrams for Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
TL;DR: This work combines detailed simulations with a numerical adaptation of an analytical Gaussian cluster theory to enable the calculation of sequence-specific phase diagrams for a set of archetypal intrinsically disordered low-complexity domains and provides a thermodynamic framework for hardening transitions that have been observed for many biomolecular condensates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thermodynamics and kinetics of phase separation of protein-RNA mixtures by a minimal model.
Jerelle A. Joseph,Jorge R. Espinosa,Ignacio Sanchez-Burgos,Adiran Garaizar,Daan Frenkel,Rosana Collepardo-Guevara +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, a patchy-particle polymer model was introduced to investigate liquid-liquid phase separation of protein-RNA mixtures and showed that RNA enhances the stability of RNA-binding protein condensates because it increases the molecular connectivity of the condensed liquid phase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular Design of Chemically Fueled Peptide-Polyelectrolyte Coacervate-Based Assemblies.
Fabian Späth,Carsten Donau,Alexander M. Bergmann,Moritz Kränzlein,Christopher V. Synatschke,Bernhard Rieger,Job Boekhoven +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a series of cationic peptides were tested for their chemically fueled coacervation, and how their design can affect the dynamics of assembly and disassembly of the emerging structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Can coacervation unify disparate hypotheses in the origin of cellular life
TL;DR: Evidence that coacervation could have played a unique role during the origin of life based on its ability to form from a range of different prebiotically relevant molecules and partition solutes and maintain the solute’s partition coefficient during enzymatic reactions is provided.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomolecular condensates: organizers of cellular biochemistry
TL;DR: This work has shown that liquid–liquid phase separation driven by multivalent macromolecular interactions is an important organizing principle for biomolecular condensates and has proposed a physical framework for this organizing principle.
Journal ArticleDOI
Germline P Granules Are Liquid Droplets That Localize by Controlled Dissolution/Condensation
Clifford P. Brangwynne,Christian R. Eckmann,David S. Courson,Agata Rybarska,Carsten Hoege,Jöbin Gharakhani,Jöbin Gharakhani,Frank Jülicher,Frank Jülicher,Anthony A. Hyman,Anthony A. Hyman +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that P granules exhibit liquid-like behaviors, including fusion, dripping, and wetting, which is used to estimate their viscosity and surface tension, and reflects a classic phase transition, in which polarity proteins vary the condensation point across the cell.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Liquid-to-Solid Phase Transition of the ALS Protein FUS Accelerated by Disease Mutation
Avinash Patel,Hyun O. Lee,Louise Jawerth,Shovamayee Maharana,Marcus Jahnel,Marco Y. Hein,Stoyno S. Stoynov,Julia Mahamid,Shambaditya Saha,Titus M. Franzmann,Andrej Pozniakovski,Ina Poser,Nicola Maghelli,Loic Royer,Martin Weigert,Eugene W. Myers,Stephan W. Grill,David N. Drechsel,Anthony A. Hyman,Simon Alberti +19 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that liquid-like compartments carry the trade-off between functionality and risk of aggregation and that aberrant phase transitions within liquid- like compartments lie at the heart of ALS and, presumably, other age-related diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cell-free Formation of RNA Granules: Low Complexity Sequence Domains Form Dynamic Fibers within Hydrogels
Masato Kato,Tina W. Han,Shanhai Xie,Kevin Y. Shi,Xinlin Du,Leeju C. Wu,Hamid Mirzaei,Elizabeth J. Goldsmith,Jamie Longgood,Jimin Pei,Jimin Pei,Nick V. Grishin,Douglas E. Frantz,Jay W. Schneider,She Chen,Lin Li,Michael R. Sawaya,David Eisenberg,Robert Tycko,Steven L. McKnight +19 more
TL;DR: It is discovered that exposure of cell or tissue lysates to a biotinylated isoxazole (b-isox) chemical precipitated hundreds of RNA-binding proteins with significant overlap to the constituents of RNA granules, offering a framework for understanding the function of LC sequences as well as an organizing principle for cellular structures that are not membrane bound.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ultrahigh-throughput screening in drop-based microfluidics for directed evolution
Jeremy J. Agresti,Eugene Antipov,Adam R. Abate,Keunho Ahn,Amy C. Rowat,Jean-Christophe Baret,Manuel Marquez,Alexander M. Klibanov,Andrew D. Griffiths,David A. Weitz +9 more
TL;DR: This work presents a general ultrahigh-throughput screening platform using drop-based microfluidics that overcomes limitations and revolutionizes both the scale and speed of screening.
Related Papers (5)
Liquid phase condensation in cell physiology and disease.
A Liquid-to-Solid Phase Transition of the ALS Protein FUS Accelerated by Disease Mutation
Avinash Patel,Hyun O. Lee,Louise Jawerth,Shovamayee Maharana,Marcus Jahnel,Marco Y. Hein,Stoyno S. Stoynov,Julia Mahamid,Shambaditya Saha,Titus M. Franzmann,Andrej Pozniakovski,Ina Poser,Nicola Maghelli,Loic Royer,Martin Weigert,Eugene W. Myers,Stephan W. Grill,David N. Drechsel,Anthony A. Hyman,Simon Alberti +19 more