Ecology, Diversity, and Evolution of Magnetotactic Bacteria
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TLDR
The purpose of this review is focused on the diversity and the ecology of the MTB and also the evolution and transfer of the molecular determinants involved in magnetosome formation.Abstract:
SUMMARY Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are widespread, motile, diverse prokaryotes that biomineralize a unique organelle called the magnetosome. Magnetosomes consist of a nano-sized crystal of a magnetic iron mineral that is enveloped by a lipid bilayer membrane. In cells of almost all MTB, magnetosomes are organized as a well-ordered chain. The magnetosome chain causes the cell to behave like a motile, miniature compass needle where the cell aligns and swims parallel to magnetic field lines. MTB are found in almost all types of aquatic environments, where they can account for an important part of the bacterial biomass. The genes responsible for magnetosome biomineralization are organized as clusters in the genomes of MTB, in some as a magnetosome genomic island. The functions of a number of magnetosome genes and their associated proteins in magnetosome synthesis and construction of the magnetosome chain have now been elucidated. The origin of magnetotaxis appears to be monophyletic; that is, it developed in a common ancestor to all MTB, although horizontal gene transfer of magnetosome genes also appears to play a role in their distribution. The purpose of this review, based on recent progress in this field, is focused on the diversity and the ecology of the MTB and also the evolution and transfer of the molecular determinants involved in magnetosome formation.read more
Citations
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative genomic analysis of magnetotactic bacteria from the Deltaproteobacteria provides new insights into magnetite and greigite magnetosome genes required for magnetotaxis
Christopher T. Lefèvre,Denis Trubitsyn,Fernanda Abreu,Sebastian Kolinko,Christian Jogler,Luiz Gonzaga Paula de Almeida,Ana Tereza Ribeiro de Vasconcelos,Michael Kube,Michael Kube,Richard Reinhardt,Ulysses Lins,David Pignol,Dirk Schüler,Dennis A. Bazylinski,Nicolas Ginet +14 more
TL;DR: A comparative genomic analysis of magnetotactic Deltaproteobacteria that synthesize bullet-shaped crystals of magnetite and/or greigite is presented and it is demonstrated that the minimum set of mam genes necessary for magnetosome formation in Magnetospirillum is also conserved in magnetite-producing, magnetotactic DeltAProteob bacteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Complete Genome Sequence of the Chemolithoautotrophic Marine Magnetotactic Coccus Strain MC-1
Sabrina Schübbe,Timothy J. Williams,Gary Xie,Gary Xie,Hajnalka Kiss,Hajnalka Kiss,Thomas Brettin,Thomas Brettin,Diego Martinez,Diego Martinez,Christian A. Ross,Dirk Schüler,B. Lea Cox,Kenneth H. Nealson,Dennis A. Bazylinski +14 more
TL;DR: The pathways inferred from the MC-1 genome provide important information regarding central metabolism in this strain that could provide insights useful for the isolation and cultivation of new magnetotactic bacterial strains, in particular strains of other Magnetotactic cocci.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monophyletic origin of magnetotaxis and the first magnetosomes.
Christopher T. Lefèvre,Denis Trubitsyn,Fernanda Abreu,Sebastian Kolinko,Luiz Gonzaga Paula de Almeida,Ana Tereza Ribeiro de Vasconcelos,Ulysses Lins,Dirk Schüler,Nicolas Ginet,David Pignol,Dennis A. Bazylinski +10 more
TL;DR: It is shown that a phylogenetic tree based on magnetosome protein amino acid sequences from a number of MTB was congruent with theTree based on the organisms' 16S rRNA gene sequences, which suggests that magnetotaxis originated monophyletically in the Proteobacteria phylum and implies that the common ancestor of all Proteoblacteria was magnetotactic.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental parameters affect the physical properties of fast-growing magnetosomes
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the properties of magnetosomes at several steps of maturity and found that the morphology of mature magnetosome is not exclusively determined by vectorial regulation at the organic boundaries or by molecular interaction with the magnetosOME membrane, but also by the rates of Fe uptake, which suggests that the expression of different faces is favored for different growth conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomineralization, crystallography and magnetic properties of bullet-shaped magnetite magnetosomes in giant rod magnetotactic bacteria
Jinhua Li,Yongxin Pan,Qingsong Liu,Kui Yu-Zhang,Nicolas Menguy,Renchao Che,Huafeng Qin,Wei Lin,Wenfang Wu,Nikolai Petersen,Xin’an Yang +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a comprehensive study of the crystallography and magnetic properties of bullet-shaped magnetosomes formed by uncultivated giant rod magnetotactic bacteria (referred to as MYR-1), recently discovered in Lake Miyun.