Journal ArticleDOI
Empirical fitness landscapes and the predictability of evolution
TLDR
This work reviews recent empirical and theoretical developments of the genotype–fitness map, identifies methodological issues and organizing principles, and discusses possibilities to develop more realistic fitness landscape models.Abstract:
A central topic in biology concerns how genotypes determine phenotypes and functions of organisms that affect their evolutionary fitness. This Review discusses recent advances in the development of empirical fitness landscapes and their contribution to theoretical analyses of the predictability of evolution. The genotype–fitness map (that is, the fitness landscape) is a key determinant of evolution, yet it has mostly been used as a superficial metaphor because we know little about its structure. This is now changing, as real fitness landscapes are being analysed by constructing genotypes with all possible combinations of small sets of mutations observed in phylogenies or in evolution experiments. In turn, these first glimpses of empirical fitness landscapes inspire theoretical analyses of the predictability of evolution. Here, we review these recent empirical and theoretical developments, identify methodological issues and organizing principles, and discuss possibilities to develop more realistic fitness landscape models.read more
Citations
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Posted ContentDOI
Disentangling the effects of genetic architecture, mutational bias and selection on evolutionary forecasting
TL;DR: This work uses the model bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens in which the genotype-to-phenotype map determining evolution of the adaptive wrinkly spreader (WS) type is known to predict both the routes that evolution follows and the expected mutational targets.
Posted ContentDOI
Quantifying the evolutionary potential and constraints of a drug-targeted viral protein
TL;DR: It is found that the majority of non-synonymous substitutions incur large fitness costs, suggesting that NS5A protein is highly optimized in natural conditions, and the evolutionary potential of HCV is characterized by subjecting the mutant viruses to varying concentrations of anNS5A inhibitor Daclatasvir.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monotonicity of fitness landscapes and mutation rate control
Roman V. Belavkin,Alastair Channon,Elizabeth Aston,John A. D. Aston,Rok Krašovec,Christopher Knight +5 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that optimal mutation rate functions in such landscapes will increase when fitness decreases in some neighbourhood of an optimum is supported and the findings support the hypothesis and find that the increase of mutation rate is more rapid in landscapes that are less monotonic (more rugged).
Posted Content
Stochastic individual-based models with power law mutation rate on a general finite trait space
TL;DR: The theorem 3.2 of [Bovier, Coquille, Smadi, 2018] is generalised to any finite mutation graph, and a series of examples describing surprising phenomena arising from the geometry of the graph and/or the rate of mutations are illustrated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolutionary History and Strength of Selection Determine the Rate of Antibiotic Resistance Adaptation
Sandra Cisneros-Mayoral,Lucía Graña-Miraglia,Deyanira Pérez-Morales,Rafael Peña-Miller,Ayari Fuentes-Hernáandez +4 more
TL;DR: It is found that mutations that emerged under strong selection are unstable in the absence of selection, in contrast to resistance mutations previously selected in the mild selection regime that were stably maintained in drug-free environments and positively selected for when antibiotics were reintroduced.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution in Mendelian Populations.
TL;DR: Page 108, last line of text, for "P/P″" read "P′/ P″."
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution in Mendelian populations
TL;DR: The frequency of a given gene in a population may be modified by a number of conditions including recurrent mutation to and from it, migration, selection of various sorts and, far from least in importance, were chance variation.
Book
Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore what the Burgess Shale tells us about evolution and the nature of history and find that it holds the remains of an ancient sea where dozens of strange creatures lived.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epistasis--the essential role of gene interactions in the structure and evolution of genetic systems.
TL;DR: There is a renewed appreciation both for the importance of studying gene interactions and for addressing these questions in a unified, quantitative manner with the advent of high-throughput functional genomics.