Journal ArticleDOI
Focus on genetic and epigenetic events of colorectal cancer pathogenesis: implications for molecular diagnosis
Federica Zoratto,Luigi Rossi,Monica Verrico,Anselmo Papa,Enrico Basso,Angelo Zullo,Luigi Tomao,Adriana Romiti,Giuseppe Lo Russo,Silverio Tomao +9 more
TLDR
This review summarizes the most investigated biomolecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, their role as biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis and their possible use to stratify susceptible patients into appropriate screening or surveillance programs.Abstract:
Originally, colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis was understood as a multistep process that involved accumulation of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes mutations, such as APC, TP53 and KRAS. However, this assumption proposed a relatively limited repertoire of genetic alterations. In the last decade, there have been major advances in knowledge of multiple molecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, particularly regarding cytogenetic and epigenetic events. Microsatellite instability, chromosomal instability and CpG island methylator phenotype are the most analyzed cytogenetic changes, while DNA methylation, modifications in histone proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) were analyzed in the field of epigenetic alterations. Therefore, CRC development results from interactions at many levels between genetic and epigenetic amendments. Furthermore, hereditary cancer syndrome and individual or environmental risk factors should not be ignored. The difficulties in this setting are addressed to understand the molecular basis of individual susceptibility to CRC and to determine the roles of genetic and epigenetic alterations, in order to yield more effective prevention strategies in CRC patients and directing their treatment. This review summarizes the most investigated biomolecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, their role as biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis and their possible use to stratify susceptible patients into appropriate screening or surveillance programs.read more
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Dissertation
Employing epigenetic marks to detect cancer : studies on nasopharyngeal carcinoma and lung cancer
TL;DR: The “multiplex methylation specific-PCR (MMSP)” assay designed to detect the tumor-specific methylation status of several NPC-related genes provided information about the methylationStatus of multiple genes simultaneously in a single PCR with small amounts of tumor DNA derived from nasopharyngeal swabs was shown to be applicable with DNA from as few as 10 cells.
Genética del carcinoma colorrectal con agregación familiar, en una muestra de la Región Andina colombiana
Mabel Elena Bohórquez Lozano,Ana Patricia Estrada Flórez,Anggi Margarita Vélez Bohórquez,Magdalena Echeverry de Polanco +3 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Aberrant DNA methylation of acute myeloid leukemia and colorectal cancer in a Chinese pedigree with a MLL3 germline mutation
Fuhua Yang,Qiang Gong,Wentao Shi,Yunding Zou,Jingmin Shi,Fengjiang Wei,Qingrong Li,Jieping Chen,Weidong Li +8 more
TL;DR: The study supports the suggestion that the level of DNA methylation changes in AML progression and demonstrates that differentially methylated sites among acute myeloid leukemia and colorectal carcinoma cases and the control were in both promoters (CpG island) and gene body regions (shelf/shore areas).
Journal ArticleDOI
P16ink4a Subcellular Expression Patterns in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma, Adenoma and Non-Neoplastic Tissue Samples
TL;DR: Considering variation in localization of P16ink4a under different pathological conditions, P16inks4a may be sensitive prognostic biomarker for benign colon lesions and its use may improve strategies for screening, prognostic assessment and management of patients with CRC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural and synthetic retinoids in preclinical colorectal cancer models.
TL;DR: This review summarizes the major preclinical findings in CRC in which natural and synthetic retinoids showed promising antitumor activities and stress on the proposed mechanisms of action.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis
Eric R. Fearon,Bert Vogelstein +1 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cancer statistics, 2012
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