Journal ArticleDOI
Focus on genetic and epigenetic events of colorectal cancer pathogenesis: implications for molecular diagnosis
Federica Zoratto,Luigi Rossi,Monica Verrico,Anselmo Papa,Enrico Basso,Angelo Zullo,Luigi Tomao,Adriana Romiti,Giuseppe Lo Russo,Silverio Tomao +9 more
TLDR
This review summarizes the most investigated biomolecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, their role as biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis and their possible use to stratify susceptible patients into appropriate screening or surveillance programs.Abstract:
Originally, colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis was understood as a multistep process that involved accumulation of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes mutations, such as APC, TP53 and KRAS. However, this assumption proposed a relatively limited repertoire of genetic alterations. In the last decade, there have been major advances in knowledge of multiple molecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, particularly regarding cytogenetic and epigenetic events. Microsatellite instability, chromosomal instability and CpG island methylator phenotype are the most analyzed cytogenetic changes, while DNA methylation, modifications in histone proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) were analyzed in the field of epigenetic alterations. Therefore, CRC development results from interactions at many levels between genetic and epigenetic amendments. Furthermore, hereditary cancer syndrome and individual or environmental risk factors should not be ignored. The difficulties in this setting are addressed to understand the molecular basis of individual susceptibility to CRC and to determine the roles of genetic and epigenetic alterations, in order to yield more effective prevention strategies in CRC patients and directing their treatment. This review summarizes the most investigated biomolecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, their role as biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis and their possible use to stratify susceptible patients into appropriate screening or surveillance programs.read more
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DNA Methylation Biomarkers: Cancer and Beyond
Thomas Mikeska,Jeffrey M. Craig +1 more
TL;DR: The current state of play for DNA methylation biomarkers is reviewed, the barriers that must be crossed on the way to implementation in a clinical setting are discussed, and their future use for human disease is predicted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Promoter Hypermethylation of Tumour Suppressor Genes as Potential Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer
Jennifer Mun-Kar Ng,Jun Yu +1 more
TL;DR: DNA methylation represents one of the largest bodies of literature in epigenetics, and hence has the highest potential for minimally invasive biomarker development.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrative analysis of exogenous, endogenous, tumour and immune factors for precision medicine.
Shuji Ogino,Jonathan A. Nowak,Tsuyoshi Hamada,Amanda I. Phipps,Ulrike Peters,Danny A. Milner,Edward Giovannucci,Reiko Nishihara,Marios Giannakis,Wendy S. Garrett,Mingyang Song +10 more
TL;DR: The integrated immunology-MPE model can contribute to better understanding of environment-tumour-immune interactions, and effective immunoprevention and immunotherapy strategies for precision medicine.
Journal ArticleDOI
miR-19a promotes colorectal cancer proliferation and migration by targeting TIA1.
Yanqing Liu,Rui Liu,Fei Yang,Rongjie Cheng,Xiaorui Chen,Shufang Cui,Yuanyuan Gu,Wu Sun,Chaoying You,Zhijian Liu,Feng Sun,Yanbo Wang,Zheng Fu,Chao Ye,Chen-Yu Zhang,Jing Li,Xi Chen +16 more
TL;DR: This study highlights an oncomiR role for miR-19a in regulating TIA1 in CRC and suggests that miR -19a may be a novel molecular therapeutic target for CRC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Fusobacterium nucleatum infection with colorectal cancer in Chinese patients
Yu Yuan Li,Quan Xing Ge,Jie Cao,Yong Jian Zhou,Yanlei Du,Bo Shen,Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan,Yu Qiang Nie +7 more
TL;DR: F. nucleatum was enriched in CRC tissues and associated with CRC development and metastasis and its association with CRC invasiveness in Chinese patients was observed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Aspirin use and risk of colorectal cancer according to BRAF mutation status.
Reiko Nishihara,Paul Lochhead,Paul Lochhead,Aya Kuchiba,Seungyoun Jung,Mai Yamauchi,Xiaoyun Liao,Yu Imamura,Zhi Rong Qian,Teppei Morikawa,Teppei Morikawa,Molin Wang,Donna Spiegelman,Eunyoung Cho,Edward Giovannucci,Charles S. Fuchs,Andrew T. Chan,Shuji Ogino +17 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that BRAF-mutant colon tumor cells may be less sensitive to the effect of aspirin, and regular aspirin use was associated with lower risk of BRAf-wild-type colorectal cancer but not with BRAF -mutated cancer risk.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extensive DNA methylation in normal colorectal mucosa in hyperplastic polyposis
Parham Minoo,Kristi Baker,Rashmi S. Goswami,George Chong,William D. Foulkes,Andrew Ruszkiewicz,Melissa A. Barker,Daniel D. Buchanan,Joanne P. Young,Jeremy R. Jass +9 more
TL;DR: A genetic predisposition may underlie at least some forms of hyperplastic polyposis in which the earliest manifestation may be hypermethylation of multiple gene promoters in normal colorectal mucosa.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary Folate, Alcohol, and B Vitamins in Relation to LINE-1 Hypomethylation in Colon Cancer
Eva S. Schernhammer,Edward Giovannucci,Takako Kawasaki,Bernard Rosner,Charles S. Fuchs,Shuji Ogino +5 more
TL;DR: The influence of dietary folate intake and alcohol consumption on colon cancer risk differs significantly according to tumoral LINE-1 methylation level, as well as high intakes of vitamin B6, B12 or methionine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lifestyle Factors and Microsatellite Instability in Colorectal Cancer: The Evolving Field of Molecular Pathological Epidemiology
Shuji Ogino,Meir J. Stampfer +1 more
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