Journal ArticleDOI
Focus on genetic and epigenetic events of colorectal cancer pathogenesis: implications for molecular diagnosis
Federica Zoratto,Luigi Rossi,Monica Verrico,Anselmo Papa,Enrico Basso,Angelo Zullo,Luigi Tomao,Adriana Romiti,Giuseppe Lo Russo,Silverio Tomao +9 more
TLDR
This review summarizes the most investigated biomolecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, their role as biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis and their possible use to stratify susceptible patients into appropriate screening or surveillance programs.Abstract:
Originally, colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis was understood as a multistep process that involved accumulation of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes mutations, such as APC, TP53 and KRAS. However, this assumption proposed a relatively limited repertoire of genetic alterations. In the last decade, there have been major advances in knowledge of multiple molecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, particularly regarding cytogenetic and epigenetic events. Microsatellite instability, chromosomal instability and CpG island methylator phenotype are the most analyzed cytogenetic changes, while DNA methylation, modifications in histone proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) were analyzed in the field of epigenetic alterations. Therefore, CRC development results from interactions at many levels between genetic and epigenetic amendments. Furthermore, hereditary cancer syndrome and individual or environmental risk factors should not be ignored. The difficulties in this setting are addressed to understand the molecular basis of individual susceptibility to CRC and to determine the roles of genetic and epigenetic alterations, in order to yield more effective prevention strategies in CRC patients and directing their treatment. This review summarizes the most investigated biomolecular pathways involved in CRC pathogenesis, their role as biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis and their possible use to stratify susceptible patients into appropriate screening or surveillance programs.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Exploration of Potential Roles of m6A Regulators in Colorectal Cancer Prognosis.
TL;DR: This study comprehensively analyzed associations between mRNA expressions of m6A regulators and CRC tumor samples' epidemiologic information from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to construct CRC prognosis prediction signature.
Journal ArticleDOI
Expression Pattern and Clinicopathological Relevance of the Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1/Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase Protein in Colorectal Cancer.
TL;DR: It is concluded that an IDO1-regulated molecular pathway led to abnormal expression of beta-catenin in the nucleus/cytoplasm of CRC patients with low mutation rate of APC, making IDO 1 an interesting target for immunotherapy in CRC.
Journal ArticleDOI
Function of microRNA-143 in different signal pathways in cancer: New insights into cancer therapy.
Leila Karimi,Behzad Mansoori,Dariush Shanebandi,Ali Mohammadi,Mahyar Aghapour,Behzad Baradaran +5 more
TL;DR: An overview of the miRNAs function in different signaling pathways in cancer will be provided and miRNA-143 is defined as an important tumor suppressor in a variety of neoplasms including solid tumors and B-cell malignancies.
Journal ArticleDOI
HMGB1‐RAGE signaling facilitates Ras‐dependent Yap1 expression to drive colorectal cancer stemness and development
TL;DR: It is shown that RAGE has direct association with K‐Ras following HMGB1 exposure in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, and it is revealed that both of RAGE and Yap1 expression could predicted unfavorable prognosis in CRC patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diagnostic Performance of DNA Hypermethylation Markers in Peripheral Blood for the Detection of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Bingsheng Li,Ai-Hua Gan,Xiaolong Chen,Xinying Wang,Weifeng He,Xiao-Hui Zhang,Renxiang Huang,Shuzhu Zhou,Xiao-Xiao Song,Angao Xu +9 more
TL;DR: Findings show that hypermethylation markers in blood are highly sensitive and specific for CRC detection, with methylated SEPT9 being particularly robust and the diagnostic performance of hyper methylation markers, which have varied across different studies, can be improved by marker optimization.
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