Journal ArticleDOI
Hierarchical control of droop-controlled DC and AC microgrids — a general approach towards standardization
Josep M. Guerrero,Juan C. Vasquez,Jose Matas,L.G. de Vicuna,Miguel Castilla +4 more
- Vol. 58, Iss: 1, pp 158-172
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TLDR
The hierarchical control derived from ISA-95 and electrical dispatching standards to endow smartness and flexibility to MGs is presented and results are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed approach.Abstract:
DC and AC Microgrids are key elements to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources as well as distributed energy storage systems. In the last years, efforts toward the standardization of these Microgrids have been made. In this sense, this paper present the hierarchical control derived from ISA-95 and electrical dispatching standards to endow smartness and flexibility to microgrids. The hierarchical control proposed consist of three levels: i) the primary control is based on the droop method, including an output impedance virtual loop; ii) the secondary control allows restoring the deviations produced by the primary control; and iii) the tertiary control manage the power flow between the microgrid and the external electrical distribution system. Results from a hierarchical-controlled microgrid are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed approach.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hybrid ac/dc microgrids—Part II: Review and classification of control strategies
Eneko Unamuno,Jon Andoni Barrena +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify and analyze the control strategies that can be implemented in hybrid microgrids for an adequate power management in grid-tied and islanded modes of operation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Robust Frequency Control of Microgrids Using an Extended Virtual Synchronous Generator
TL;DR: An extended virtual synchronous generator for microgrids is introduced by combining the concept of virtual rotor, virtual primary, and virtual secondary control as a virtual controller to stabilize/regulate the system frequency through robust tuning of the virtual parameters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of microgrids with converter-interfaced generations: Challenges and opportunities
TL;DR: A comprehensive list of challenges and opportunities supported by a literature review on the evolution of converter-based microgrids is presented, describing the challenges and benefits of using DG units in a distribution network and then those of microgrid ones.
Journal ArticleDOI
D-STATCOM With Positive-Sequence Admittance and Negative-Sequence Conductance to Mitigate Voltage Fluctuations in High-Level Penetration of Distributed-Generation Systems
TL;DR: A proportional-resonant current regulator with selectively harmonic compensation is realized to control the fundamental current of the D-STATCOM as well as reduce the harmonic current, which could be an advantage in practical applications due to high voltage distortion in low-voltage microgrids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling and Sensitivity Study of Consensus Algorithm-Based Distributed Hierarchical Control for DC Microgrids
TL;DR: This paper aims at modeling a complete dc MG using a discrete-time approach in order to perform a sensitivity analysis taking into account the effects of the consensus algorithm.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: In this article, a control scheme for parallel-connected inverters in a standalone AC supply system is presented, which uses feedback of only those variables that can be measured locally at the inverter and does not need communication of control signals between the inverters.
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Output impedance design of parallel-connected UPS inverters with wireless load-sharing control
TL;DR: This paper deals with the design of the output impedance of uninterruptible power system (UPS) inverters with parallel-connection capability, and proposes novel control loops to achieve both stable output impedance and proper power balance.