Journal ArticleDOI
Hierarchical control of droop-controlled DC and AC microgrids — a general approach towards standardization
Josep M. Guerrero,Juan C. Vasquez,Jose Matas,L.G. de Vicuna,Miguel Castilla +4 more
- Vol. 58, Iss: 1, pp 158-172
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TLDR
The hierarchical control derived from ISA-95 and electrical dispatching standards to endow smartness and flexibility to MGs is presented and results are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed approach.Abstract:
DC and AC Microgrids are key elements to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources as well as distributed energy storage systems. In the last years, efforts toward the standardization of these Microgrids have been made. In this sense, this paper present the hierarchical control derived from ISA-95 and electrical dispatching standards to endow smartness and flexibility to microgrids. The hierarchical control proposed consist of three levels: i) the primary control is based on the droop method, including an output impedance virtual loop; ii) the secondary control allows restoring the deviations produced by the primary control; and iii) the tertiary control manage the power flow between the microgrid and the external electrical distribution system. Results from a hierarchical-controlled microgrid are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed approach.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Distributed Cooperative Secondary Control of Microgrids Using Feedback Linearization
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a distributed secondary voltage control of micro-grids based on the distributed cooperative control of multi-agent systems, where each distributed generator only requires its own information and the information of some neighbors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Distributed Cooperative Control of DC Microgrids
TL;DR: In this paper, a cooperative control paradigm is used to establish a distributed secondary/primary control framework for dc microgrids, where the conventional secondary control, that adjusts the voltage set point for the local droop mechanism, is replaced by a voltage regulator and a current regulator.
Journal ArticleDOI
Overview of Power Management Strategies of Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid
Farzam Nejabatkhah,Yun Wei Li +1 more
TL;DR: This paper presents an overview of power management strategies for a hybrid ac/dc microgrid system, which includes different system structures, different operation modes, a thorough study of various power management and control schemes in both steady state and transient conditions, and examples of powermanagement and control strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiple Distributed Generator Placement in Primary Distribution Networks for Loss Reduction
TL;DR: An improved analytical (IA) method based on IA expressions to calculate the optimal size of four different DG types and a methodology to identify the best location for DG allocation is proposed, and a technique to get the optimal power factor is presented for DG capable of delivering real and reactive power.
Journal ArticleDOI
Supervisory Control of an Adaptive-Droop Regulated DC Microgrid With Battery Management Capability
TL;DR: In this paper, a double-layer hierarchical control strategy was proposed to overcome the control challenge associated with coordination of multiple batteries within one stand-alone microgrid, where the unit-level primary control layer was established by an adaptive voltage-droop method aimed to regulate the common bus voltage and to sustain the states of charge (SOCs) of batteries close to each other during moderate replenishment.
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