HMGB1 in cancer: good, bad, or both?
TLDR
The current knowledge of bothHMGB1′s oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles and the potential strategies that target HMGB1 for the prevention and treatment of cancer are reviewed.Abstract:
Forty years ago, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was discovered in calf thymus and named according to its electrophoretic mobility in polyacrylamide gels. Now, we know that HMGB1 performs dual functions. Inside the cell, HMGB1 is a highly conserved chromosomal protein acting as a DNA chaperone. Outside of the cell, HMGB1 is a prototypical damage-associated molecular pattern, acting with cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. During tumor development and in cancer therapy, HMGB1 has been reported to play paradoxical roles in promoting both cell survival and death by regulating multiple signaling pathways, including inflammation, immunity, genome stability, proliferation, metastasis, metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy. Here, we review the current knowledge of both HMGB1's oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles and the potential strategies that target HMGB1 for the prevention and treatment of cancer.read more
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HMGB1 in Health and Disease
Rui Kang,Ruochan Chen,Qiuhong Zhang,Wen Hou,Sha Wu,Lizhi Cao,Jin Huang,Yan Yu,Xue Gong Fan,Zhengwen Yan,Zhengwen Yan,Xiaofang Sun,Haichao Wang,Qingde Wang,Allan Tsung,Timothy R. Billiar,Herbert J. Zeh,Michael T. Lotze,Daolin Tang +18 more
TL;DR: High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), the most abundant and well-studied HMG protein, senses and coordinates the cellular stress response and plays a critical role not only inside of the cell as a DNA chaperone, chromosome guardian, autophagy sustainer, and protector from apoptotic cell death, but also outside thecell as the prototypic damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP).
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Promote the Development and Progression of Liver Metastases after Surgical Stress
Samer Tohme,Hamza O. Yazdani,Ahmed B. Al-Khafaji,Alexis P. Chidi,Patricia Loughran,Kerri A. Mowen,Yanming Wang,Richard L. Simmons,Hai Huang,Allan Tsung +9 more
TL;DR: These findings implicate NET in the development of liver metastases after surgical stress, suggesting that their elimination may reduce risks of tumor relapse.
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Interplay between ROS and autophagy in cancer cells, from tumor initiation to cancer therapy
TL;DR: This review will focus on the regulatory role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy levels during the course of cancer development, from cellular transformation to the formation of metastasis.
Journal ArticleDOI
HMGB1, IL-1α, IL-33 and S100 proteins: dual-function alarmins.
TL;DR: This work has shown that release of alarmins from mesenchymal cells is a highly relevant mechanism by which immune cells can be alerted of tissue damage, and alarmins play a key role in the development of acute or chronic inflammatory diseases and in cancer development.
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Myeloid Cells and Related Chronic Inflammatory Factors as Novel Predictive Markers in Melanoma Treatment with Ipilimumab.
Christoffer Gebhardt,Alexandra Sevko,Huanhuan Jiang,Huanhuan Jiang,Ramtin Lichtenberger,Maike Reith,Kathrin Tarnanidis,Tim Holland-Letz,Ludmila Umansky,Philipp Beckhove,Antje Sucker,Dirk Schadendorf,Jochen Utikal,Viktor Umansky +13 more
TL;DR: Levels of eosinophils, MDSCs, as well as related inflammatory factors S100A8/A9 and HMGB1 as novel complex predictive markers for patients who may benefit from the ipilimumab therapy are suggested.
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Release of chromatin protein HMGB1 by necrotic cells triggers inflammation
TL;DR: It is reported that Hmgb1-/- necrotic cells have a greatly reduced ability to promote inflammation, which proves that the release of HMGB1 can signal the demise of a cell to its neighbours, and cells undergoing apoptosis are programmed to withhold the signal that is broadcast by cells that have been damaged or killed by trauma.
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TL;DR: A previously unrecognized pathway for the activation of tumor antigen–specific T-cell immunity that involves secretion of the high-mobility-group box 1 (HMGB1) alarmin protein by dying tumor cells and the action of HMGB1 on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expressed by dendritic cells (DCs) is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1): nuclear weapon in the immune arsenal.
Michael T. Lotze,Kevin J. Tracey +1 more
TL;DR: These features of HMGB1 are discussed and recent advances that have led to the preclinical development of therapeutics that modulateHMGB1 release and activity are summarized.
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