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Journal ArticleDOI

How do you feel? Interoception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body.

A.D. (Bud) Craig
- 01 Aug 2002 - 
- Vol. 3, Iss: 8, pp 655-666
TLDR
Functional anatomical work has detailed an afferent neural system in primates and in humans that represents all aspects of the physiological condition of the physical body that might provide a foundation for subjective feelings, emotion and self-awareness.
Abstract
As humans, we perceive feelings from our bodies that relate our state of well-being, our energy and stress levels, our mood and disposition. How do we have these feelings? What neural processes do they represent? Recent functional anatomical work has detailed an afferent neural system in primates and in humans that represents all aspects of the physiological condition of the physical body. This system constitutes a representation of 'the material me', and might provide a foundation for subjective feelings, emotion and self-awareness.

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Citations
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Dissociable Intrinsic Connectivity Networks for Salience Processing and Executive Control

TL;DR: Two distinct networks typically coactivated during functional MRI tasks are identified, anchored by dorsal anterior cingulate and orbital frontoinsular cortices with robust connectivity to subcortical and limbic structures, and an “executive-control network” that links dorsolateral frontal and parietal neocortices.
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From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain

TL;DR: In response to a peripheral infection, innate immune cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines that act on the brain to cause sickness behaviour, which can lead to an exacerbation of sickness and the development of symptoms of depression in vulnerable individuals.
Journal ArticleDOI

How do you feel--now? The anterior insula and human awareness.

TL;DR: New findings suggest a fundamental role for the AIC (and the von Economo neurons it contains) in awareness, and thus it needs to be considered as a potential neural correlate of consciousness.
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Saliency, switching, attention and control: a network model of insula function

TL;DR: It is suggested that this framework provides a parsimonious account of insula function in neurotypical adults, and may provide novel insights into the neural basis of disorders of affective and social cognition.
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Meeting of minds: the medial frontal cortex and social cognition.

TL;DR: This work reviews the emerging literature that relates social cognition to the medial frontal cortex and proposes a theoretical model of medial frontal cortical function relevant to different aspects of social cognitive processing.
References
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Neuroanatomical correlates of hunger and satiation in humans using positron emission tomography

TL;DR: It is raised the possibility that several regions of the brain participate in the regulation of hunger and satiation and that insulin and free fatty acids may be metabolic modulators of postprandial brain neuronal events.
Journal ArticleDOI

Cortical Representation of the Sensory Dimension of Pain

TL;DR: A double dissociation of cortical modulation indicates a relative specialization of the sensory and the classical limbic cortical areas in the processing of the Sensory and affective dimensions of pain.
Book

The Development of the Rat Spinal Cord

TL;DR: This chapter discusses the development of the Transverse Organization of the Spinal Cord with Some Functional Considerations, and some Guidance Mechanisms in the Growth of Spinal Afferents andAfferents.
Journal ArticleDOI

Functional imaging of an illusion of pain.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used positron emission tomography (PET) to compare the cortical activation patterns evoked by the thermal grill illusion and by cool, warm, noxious cold and noxious heat stimuli.
Journal ArticleDOI

A thalamic nucleus specific for pain and temperature sensation

TL;DR: It is concluded that there is a specific thalamic nucleus for pain and temperature sensation in both monkey and human that fit clinical descriptions of the pain-producing region in humans.
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