Increased frequency of circulating follicular helper T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Jie Ma,Chenlu Zhu,Bin Ma,Jie Tian,Samuel Essien Baidoo,Chaoming Mao,Wei Wu,Jianguo Chen,Jia Tong,Min Yang,Zhijun Jiao,Huaxi Xu,Liwei Lu,Shengjun Wang +13 more
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TLDR
It is shown that the increased frequency of circulating Tfh cells is correlated with elevated levels of anti-CCP antibody, indicating the possible involvement of T fh cells in the disease progression of RA.Abstract:
Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are recognized as a distinct CD4(+) helper T-cell subset, which provides for B-cell activation and production of specific antibody responses, and play a critical role in the development of autoimmune disease. So far, only one study investigated the circulating Tfh cells increased in a subset of SLE patients. Since relatively little is known about the Tfh cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, in this study, Tfh-cell frequency, related cytokine IL-21, and transcription factor Bcl-6 were investigated in 53 patients with RA and 31 health controls. Firstly, we found that the frequency of CD4(+)CXCR5(+)ICOS(high) Tfh cells was increased significantly in the peripheral blood of RA patients, compared with that in healthy controls. It is known that Tfh cells are critical for directing the development of an antibody response by germinal centers B cells; secondly, we observed that the Tfh-cell frequency is accompanied by the level of anti-CCP antibody in RA patients. Furthermore, expression of Bcl-6 mRNA and plasma IL-21 concentrations in RA patients was increased. Taken together, these findings have shown that the increased frequency of circulating Tfh cells is correlated with elevated levels of anti-CCP antibody, indicating the possible involvement of Tfh cells in the disease progression of RA.read more
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The good, the bad and the ugly - TFH cells in human health and disease.
Stuart G. Tangye,Cindy S. Ma,Cindy S. Ma,Robert Brink,Robert Brink,Elissa K. Deenick,Elissa K. Deenick +6 more
TL;DR: The elucidation of the mechanisms that regulate TFH cell differentiation, function and fate should highlight targets for novel therapeutics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interleukin-21: a double-edged sword with therapeutic potential
TL;DR: An overview of the basic biology of IL-21 is provided and how this information has been — and can be — exploited therapeutically is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Update on the Pathomechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options for Rheumatoid Arthritis.
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current understanding of the underlying pathomechanism, diagnosis of RA, as well as the mode of action, clinical benefits, and side-effects of the currently available DMARDs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cytokine-Mediated Regulation of Plasma Cell Generation: IL-21 Takes Center Stage
Leen Moens,Stuart G. Tangye +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of in vitro studies that evaluated the role of different cytokines in inducing the differentiation of distinct B-cell subsets to the PC lineage is provided, with particular emphasis on IL-21, which has emerged as the most potent inducer of terminal B- cell differentiation in humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and disease
Cindy S. Ma,Elissa K. Deenick +1 more
TL;DR: Recent studies have identified the circulating counterparts to tissue Tfh cells and with this has come a wealth of knowledge gained from the study of these cells in human disease.
References
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Liang Zhou,Ivaylo I. Ivanov,Rosanne Spolski,Roy Min,Kevin Shenderov,Takeshi Egawa,David E. Levy,Warren J. Leonard,Dan R. Littman +8 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Bcl6 Mediates the Development of T Follicular Helper Cells
Roza Nurieva,Yeonseok Chung,Gustavo J. Martinez,Xuexian O. Yang,Shinya Tanaka,Tatyana D. Matskevitch,Yi Hong Wang,Chen Dong +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the transcription factor Bcl6 is both necessary and sufficient for TFH differentiation and subsequent B cell–mediated immunity, suggesting that it is a master regulator of this lineage.
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