Journal ArticleDOI
Land-use history has a stronger impact on soil microbial community composition than aboveground vegetation and soil properties
Kamlesh Jangid,Mark A. Williams,Alan J. Franzluebbers,Thomas M. Schmidt,David C. Coleman,William B. Whitman +5 more
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TLDR
History of land-use was a stronger determinant of the composition of microbial communities than vegetation and soil properties, and microbial communities in disturbed soils apparently return to their native state with time.Abstract:
The response of soil microbial communities following changes in land-use is governed by multiple factors. The objectives of this study were to investigate (i) whether soil microbial communities track the changes in aboveground vegetation during succession; and (ii) whether microbial communities return to their native state over time. Two successional gradients with different vegetation were studied at the W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan. The first gradient comprised a conventionally tilled cropland (CT), mid-succession forest (SF) abandoned from cultivation prior to 1951, and native deciduous forest (DF). The second gradient comprised the CT cropland, early-succession grassland (ES) restored in 1989, and long-term mowed grassland (MG). With succession, the total microbial PLFAs and soil microbial biomass C consistently increased in both gradients. While bacterial rRNA gene diversity remained unchanged, the abundance and composition of many bacterial phyla changed significantly. Moreover, microbial communities in the relatively pristine DF and MG soils were very similar despite major differences in soil properties and vegetation. After >50 years of succession, and despite different vegetation, microbial communities in SF were more similar to those in mature DF than in CT. In contrast, even after 17 years of succession, microbial communities in ES were more similar to CT than endpoint MG despite very different vegetation between CT and ES. This result suggested a lasting impact of cultivation history on the soil microbial community. With conversion of deciduous to conifer forest (CF), there was a significant change in multiple soil properties that correlated with changes in microbial biomass, rRNA gene diversity and community composition. In conclusion, history of land-use was a stronger determinant of the composition of microbial communities than vegetation and soil properties. Further, microbial communities in disturbed soils apparently return to their native state with time.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Soil microbial community composition but not diversity is affected by land-use types in the agro-pastoral ecotone undergoing frequent conversions between cropland and grassland
TL;DR: The community composition was more susceptible to land-use types under frequent bidirectional conversions, but both responses were enhanced with the duration of current land uses.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of post-pasture woody plant colonization on soil and aboveground litter carbon and nitrogen along a bioclimatic transect
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of woody plant colonization of abandoned pastures on soil and litter organic carbon (C) stocks and nitrogen (N) content along a bioclimatic transect in a semi-arid environment (Sicily, Italy).
Journal ArticleDOI
Megraft: a software package to graft ribosomal small subunit (16S/18S) fragments onto full-length sequences for accurate species richness and sequencing depth analysis in pyrosequencing-length metagenomes and similar environmental datasets.
Johan Bengtsson,Martin Hartmann,Martin Unterseher,Parag Vaishampayan,Kessy Abarenkov,Lisa M. Durso,Elisabeth M. Bik,James R. Garey,K. Martin Eriksson,R. Henrik Nilsson,R. Henrik Nilsson +10 more
TL;DR: A software package is introduced - Megraft - that grafts SSU fragments onto full-length SSU sequences, accounting for observed and unobserved variability, for accurate assessment of species richness and sequencing depth in metagenomics endeavors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution of organic carbon pools and microbial diversity in hyperarid anthropogenic soils
TL;DR: In this article, the organic carbon pools and the microbial diversity and activity in anthropogenic terraced soils in a desert area of Southern Peru were investigated to highlight how the introduction of agriculture influences carbon evolution and storage and genetic and functional diversity of soil microbiota over time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulated nitrogen deposition decreases soil microbial diversity in a semiarid grassland, with little mediation of this effect by mowing
Hai-Wei Wei,Xiao-Guang Wang,Xiao-Guang Wang,Yingbin Li,Junjie Yang,Jun-Feng Wang,Xiao-Tao Lü,Xingguo Han,Xingguo Han +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the responses of soil bacteria and fungi communities to N deposition and mowing in four months of different seasons in a semiarid grassland in northern China.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Greengenes, a Chimera-Checked 16S rRNA Gene Database and Workbench Compatible with ARB
Todd Z. DeSantis,Philip Hugenholtz,Neils Larsen,Mark Rojas,Eoin L. Brodie,Keith Keller,Thomas Huber,Daniel Dalevi,Ping Hu,Gary L. Andersen +9 more
TL;DR: A 16S rRNA gene database (http://greengenes.lbl.gov) was used to provide chimera screening, standard alignment, and taxonomic classification using multiple published taxonomies as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
The diversity and biogeography of soil bacterial communities
Noah Fierer,Robert B. Jackson +1 more
TL;DR: Bacterial diversity was highest in neutral soils and lower in acidic soils, with soils from the Peruvian Amazon the most acidic and least diverse in this study.
Journal ArticleDOI
Introducing DOTUR, a Computer Program for Defining Operational Taxonomic Units and Estimating Species Richness
Patrick D. Schloss,Jo Handelsman +1 more
TL;DR: A computer program, DOTUR, is developed, which assigns sequences to OTUs by using either the furthest, average, or nearest neighbor algorithm for each distance level, which addresses the challenge of assigning sequences to operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on the genetic distances between sequences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global patterns in bacterial diversity
Catherine A. Lozupone,Rob Knight +1 more
TL;DR: The most comprehensive analysis of the environmental distribution of bacteria to date, based on 21,752 16S rRNA sequences compiled from 111 studies of diverse physical environments, is reported in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of soil properties on the structure of bacterial and fungal communities across land-use types
TL;DR: Soil pH was the best predictor of bacterial community composition across this landscape while fungal community composition was most closely associated with changes in soil nutrient status, suggesting specific changes in edaphic properties, not necessarily land-use type itself, may best predict shifts in microbialcommunity composition across a given landscape.
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