Journal ArticleDOI
Land-use history has a stronger impact on soil microbial community composition than aboveground vegetation and soil properties
Kamlesh Jangid,Mark A. Williams,Alan J. Franzluebbers,Thomas M. Schmidt,David C. Coleman,William B. Whitman +5 more
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TLDR
History of land-use was a stronger determinant of the composition of microbial communities than vegetation and soil properties, and microbial communities in disturbed soils apparently return to their native state with time.Abstract:
The response of soil microbial communities following changes in land-use is governed by multiple factors. The objectives of this study were to investigate (i) whether soil microbial communities track the changes in aboveground vegetation during succession; and (ii) whether microbial communities return to their native state over time. Two successional gradients with different vegetation were studied at the W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan. The first gradient comprised a conventionally tilled cropland (CT), mid-succession forest (SF) abandoned from cultivation prior to 1951, and native deciduous forest (DF). The second gradient comprised the CT cropland, early-succession grassland (ES) restored in 1989, and long-term mowed grassland (MG). With succession, the total microbial PLFAs and soil microbial biomass C consistently increased in both gradients. While bacterial rRNA gene diversity remained unchanged, the abundance and composition of many bacterial phyla changed significantly. Moreover, microbial communities in the relatively pristine DF and MG soils were very similar despite major differences in soil properties and vegetation. After >50 years of succession, and despite different vegetation, microbial communities in SF were more similar to those in mature DF than in CT. In contrast, even after 17 years of succession, microbial communities in ES were more similar to CT than endpoint MG despite very different vegetation between CT and ES. This result suggested a lasting impact of cultivation history on the soil microbial community. With conversion of deciduous to conifer forest (CF), there was a significant change in multiple soil properties that correlated with changes in microbial biomass, rRNA gene diversity and community composition. In conclusion, history of land-use was a stronger determinant of the composition of microbial communities than vegetation and soil properties. Further, microbial communities in disturbed soils apparently return to their native state with time.read more
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Accurate detection of soil microbial community responses to environmental change requires the use of multiple methods
TL;DR: In this article , the authors used DNA-based (qPCR, sequencing) and PLFA approaches to assess microbial responses to both land use change and drought-rewetting, which revealed a marked increase in fungal:bacterial (F:B) ratios following drought, which was not evident in qPCR data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Land rehabilitation improves edaphic conditions and increases soil microbial biomass and abundance
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared variations in soil microbial attributes following changes in land-use types to understand the influence of altered soil properties on microbial biomass and their community structure using chloroform fumigation extraction method and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Alaskan plants and their assembled rhizosphere communities vary in their responses to soil antimony
Ryan R. Busby,Robyn A. Barbato,Carina M. Jung,Anthony J. Bednar,Thomas A. Douglas,David B. Ringelberg,Karl J. Indest +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a variety of soil types associated with plant communities from Interior and Arctic Alaska were selected, seeded with a forb, grass, or tree, spiked with antimony (Sb) or kept as a control, and grown for 60 days under warm conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Changes in Soil Microbial Communities across an Urbanization Gradient: A Local-Scale Temporal Study in the Arid Southwestern USA
TL;DR: In this article, the authors collected monthly soil samples over one year across three locations representing an urbanization gradient (low-moderate-high) in the arid Southwestern USA, and characterized their microbial communities using marker gene sequencing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sand-fixation plantation type affects soil phosphorus transformation microbial community in a revegetation area of Horqin Sandy Land, Northeast China
TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper compared the effects of different sand-fixation plantations on soil properties, investigated the compositions and structures of P-transformation-involved microbial communities under different plantations, and analyzed the relationship between soil properties and Ptransformation microbial communities.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Greengenes, a Chimera-Checked 16S rRNA Gene Database and Workbench Compatible with ARB
Todd Z. DeSantis,Philip Hugenholtz,Neils Larsen,Mark Rojas,Eoin L. Brodie,Keith Keller,Thomas Huber,Daniel Dalevi,Ping Hu,Gary L. Andersen +9 more
TL;DR: A 16S rRNA gene database (http://greengenes.lbl.gov) was used to provide chimera screening, standard alignment, and taxonomic classification using multiple published taxonomies as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
The diversity and biogeography of soil bacterial communities
Noah Fierer,Robert B. Jackson +1 more
TL;DR: Bacterial diversity was highest in neutral soils and lower in acidic soils, with soils from the Peruvian Amazon the most acidic and least diverse in this study.
Journal ArticleDOI
Introducing DOTUR, a Computer Program for Defining Operational Taxonomic Units and Estimating Species Richness
Patrick D. Schloss,Jo Handelsman +1 more
TL;DR: A computer program, DOTUR, is developed, which assigns sequences to OTUs by using either the furthest, average, or nearest neighbor algorithm for each distance level, which addresses the challenge of assigning sequences to operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on the genetic distances between sequences.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global patterns in bacterial diversity
Catherine A. Lozupone,Rob Knight +1 more
TL;DR: The most comprehensive analysis of the environmental distribution of bacteria to date, based on 21,752 16S rRNA sequences compiled from 111 studies of diverse physical environments, is reported in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of soil properties on the structure of bacterial and fungal communities across land-use types
TL;DR: Soil pH was the best predictor of bacterial community composition across this landscape while fungal community composition was most closely associated with changes in soil nutrient status, suggesting specific changes in edaphic properties, not necessarily land-use type itself, may best predict shifts in microbialcommunity composition across a given landscape.
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