Journal ArticleDOI
Lignin utilization: A review of lignin depolymerization from various aspects
TLDR
Different methods for lignin depolymerization can be divided into thermochemical treatment, mechanical treatment, chemical catalysis, and biological treatment, and their characteristics and products are extensively discussed in this article.Abstract:
Lignin is the most abundant aromatic polymer in nature. Due to its high amount of phenolic compounds storage, lignin is considered as an alternative source for various polymers and biomaterials production. Except for the native lignin in lignocellulose, a massive amount of technical lignin is being produced daily all over the world. However, the complex structure and low reactivity of lignin limit its further applications and currently, most of the lignin is burned for generating energy. Therefore, the depolymerization of lignin is considered one of the important challenges in lignin utilization. Methods for lignin depolymerization can be divided into thermochemical treatment, mechanical treatment, chemical catalysis, and biological treatment. Different methods for lignin depolymerization, their characteristics and products are extensively discussed in this review.read more
Citations
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Downstream processing of lignin derived feedstock into end products.
TL;DR: It is hoped this review will stimulate further advances in the sustainable production of value-added products from lignin to integrate this invaluable "bio-waste" into the chemical/materials supply chain.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review on biopolymer production via lignin valorization
J. Rajesh Banu,S. Kavitha,R. Yukesh Kannah,T. Poornima Devi,M. Gunasekaran,Sang Hyoun Kim,Gopalakrishnan Kumar +6 more
TL;DR: Achieving in depth insights on lignin characteristics and structure will help to understand the metabolic and catalytic degradative pathways needed for lignIn valorization, and the potential applications of lIGNin and lign in based derivatives on biopolymer production are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current advancement on the isolation, characterization and application of lignin.
Jing Jing Liao,Jing Jing Liao,Nur Hanis Abd Latif,Djalal Trache,Nicolas Brosse,M. Hazwan Hussin +5 more
TL;DR: This review discussed on the current knowledge on the structure and chemistry of isolation of lignin from different sources using various common methods, its characterization, properties and its applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
A sustainable platform of lignin: From bioresources to materials and their applications in rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of recent developments of lignin-derived materials in rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors is presented, with a focus on the mechanisms behind their operation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of the aerobic biodegradation of biopolymers and the corresponding bioplastics: A review
TL;DR: It is found that the similarities and differences in biodegradation are dependent on the structural changes imposed on a biopolymer during the bioplastic production process, and future bioplastics research should focus on conducting long-term field experiments.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin pyrolysis
TL;DR: In this article, the pyrolysis characteristics of three main components (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) of biomass were investigated using, respectively, a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) detector and a pack bed.
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Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated review on fast pyrolysis of biomass for production of a liquid usually referred to as bio-oil is provided, including the major reaction systems.
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The Catalytic Valorization of Lignin for the Production of Renewable Chemicals
TL;DR: Biomass is an important feedstock for the renewable production of fuels, chemicals, and energy, and it recently surpassed hydroelectric energy as the largest domestic source of renewable energy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization and comparison of hydrophilic and hydrophobic room temperature ionic liquids incorporating the imidazolium cation
Jonathan G. Huddleston,Ann E. Visser,W. Matthew Reichert,Heather D. Willauer,Grant A. Broker,Robin D. Rogers +5 more
TL;DR: A series of hydrophilic and hydrophobic 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have been prepared and characterized to determine how water content, density, viscosity, surface tension, melting point, and thermal stability are affected by changes in alkyl chain length and anion.
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Catalytic Transformation of Lignin for the Production of Chemicals and Fuels
TL;DR: This paper presents a new state-of-the-art implementation of the iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Key Laborotary of Catalysis, which automates the very labor-intensive and therefore expensive and therefore time-heavy and expensive process ofalysis.