Journal ArticleDOI
Mastering the game of Go with deep neural networks and tree search
David Silver,Aja Huang,Chris J. Maddison,Arthur Guez,Laurent Sifre,George van den Driessche,Julian Schrittwieser,Ioannis Antonoglou,Veda Panneershelvam,Marc Lanctot,Sander Dieleman,Dominik Grewe,John Nham,Nal Kalchbrenner,Ilya Sutskever,Timothy P. Lillicrap,Madeleine Leach,Koray Kavukcuoglu,Thore Graepel,Demis Hassabis +19 more
TLDR
Using this search algorithm, the program AlphaGo achieved a 99.8% winning rate against other Go programs, and defeated the human European Go champion by 5 games to 0.5, the first time that a computer program has defeated a human professional player in the full-sized game of Go.Abstract:
The game of Go has long been viewed as the most challenging of classic games for artificial intelligence owing to its enormous search space and the difficulty of evaluating board positions and moves. Here we introduce a new approach to computer Go that uses ‘value networks’ to evaluate board positions and ‘policy networks’ to select moves. These deep neural networks are trained by a novel combination of supervised learning from human expert games, and reinforcement learning from games of self-play. Without any lookahead search, the neural networks play Go at the level of stateof-the-art Monte Carlo tree search programs that simulate thousands of random games of self-play. We also introduce a new search algorithm that combines Monte Carlo simulation with value and policy networks. Using this search algorithm, our program AlphaGo achieved a 99.8% winning rate against other Go programs, and defeated the human European Go champion by 5 games to 0. This is the first time that a computer program has defeated a human professional player in the full-sized game of Go, a feat previously thought to be at least a decade away.read more
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Posted Content
Soft Actor-Critic: Off-Policy Maximum Entropy Deep Reinforcement Learning with a Stochastic Actor
TL;DR: In this article, an off-policy actor-critic deep RL algorithm based on the maximum entropy reinforcement learning framework is proposed, where the actor aims to maximize expected reward while also maximizing entropy.
Posted Content
In-Datacenter Performance Analysis of a Tensor Processing Unit
Norman P. Jouppi,Cliff Young,Nishant Patil,David A. Patterson,Gaurav Agrawal,Raminder Bajwa,Sarah Bates,Suresh Bhatia,Nan Boden,Albert T. Borchers,Rick Boyle,Pierre-luc Cantin,Clifford Chao,Christopher Aaron Clark,Jeremy Coriell,Michael J. Daley,Matt Dau,Jeffrey Dean,Ben Gelb,Tara Vazir Ghaemmaghami,Rajendra Gottipati,William John Gulland,Robert Hagmann,C. Richard Ho,Doug Hogberg,John Hu,Robert Hundt,D. Hurt,Julian Ibarz,Aaron Jaffey,Alek Jaworski,Alexander Kaplan,Khaitan Harshit,Andy Koch,Naveen Kumar,Steve Lacy,James Laudon,James Law,Diemthu Le,Chris Leary,Zhuyuan Liu,Kyle Lucke,Alan Lundin,Gordon MacKean,Adriana Maggiore,Maire Mahony,Kieran Miller,Rahul Nagarajan,Ravi Narayanaswami,Ray Ni,Kathy Nix,Thomas Norrie,Mark Omernick,Narayana Penukonda,Andrew Everett Phelps,Jonathan Ross,Matt Ross,Amir Salek,Emad Samadiani,Chris Severn,Gregory Sizikov,Matthew Snelham,Jed Souter,Dan Steinberg,Andy Swing,Mercedes Tan,Gregory Michael Thorson,Bo Tian,Horia Toma,Erick Tuttle,Vijay K. Vasudevan,Richard Walter,Walter Wang,Eric Wilcox,Doe Hyun Yoon +74 more
TL;DR: This paper evaluates a custom ASIC-called a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU)-deployed in datacenters since 2015 that accelerates the inference phase of neural networks (NN) and compares it to a server-class Intel Haswell CPU and an Nvidia K80 GPU, which are contemporaries deployed in the samedatacenters.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Deep Learning with Differential Privacy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors develop new algorithmic techniques for learning and a refined analysis of privacy costs within the framework of differential privacy, and demonstrate that they can train deep neural networks with nonconvex objectives, under a modest privacy budget, and at a manageable cost in software complexity, training efficiency, and model quality.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficient Multi-Scale 3D CNN with Fully Connected CRF for Accurate Brain Lesion Segmentation
Konstantinos Kamnitsas,Christian Ledig,Virginia F. J. Newcombe,Joanna P. Simpson,Andrew D. Kane,David K. Menon,Daniel Rueckert,Ben Glocker +7 more
TL;DR: An efficient and effective dense training scheme which joins the processing of adjacent image patches into one pass through the network while automatically adapting to the inherent class imbalance present in the data, and improves on the state-of-the‐art for all three applications.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
In-Datacenter Performance Analysis of a Tensor Processing Unit
Norman P. Jouppi,Cliff Young,Nishant Patil,David A. Patterson,Gaurav Agrawal,Raminder Bajwa,Sarah Bates,Suresh Bhatia,Nan Boden,Albert T. Borchers,Rick Boyle,Pierre-luc Cantin,Clifford Chao,Christopher Aaron Clark,Jeremy Coriell,Michael J. Daley,Matt Dau,Jeffrey Dean,Ben Gelb,Tara Vazir Ghaemmaghami,Rajendra Gottipati,William John Gulland,Robert Hagmann,C. Richard Ho,Doug Hogberg,John Hu,Robert Hundt,D. Hurt,Julian Ibarz,Aaron Jaffey,Alek Jaworski,Alexander Kaplan,Khaitan Harshit,Daniel Killebrew,Andy Koch,Naveen Kumar,Steve Lacy,James Laudon,James Law,Diemthu Le,Chris Leary,Zhuyuan Liu,Kyle Lucke,Alan Lundin,Gordon MacKean,Adriana Maggiore,Maire Mahony,Kieran Miller,Rahul Nagarajan,Ravi Narayanaswami,Ray Ni,Kathy Nix,Thomas Norrie,Mark Omernick,Narayana Penukonda,Andrew Everett Phelps,Jonathan Ross,Matt Ross,Amir Salek,Emad Samadiani,Chris Severn,Gregory Sizikov,Matthew Snelham,Jed Souter,Dan Steinberg,Andy Swing,Mercedes Tan,Gregory Michael Thorson,Bo Tian,Horia Toma,Erick Tuttle,Vijay K. Vasudevan,Richard Walter,Walter Wang,Eric Wilcox,Doe Hyun Yoon +75 more
TL;DR: The Tensor Processing Unit (TPU) as discussed by the authors is a custom ASIC deployed in datacenters since 2015 that accelerates the inference phase of neural networks (NN) using a 65,536 8-bit MAC matrix multiply unit that offers a peak throughput of 92 TeraOps/second (TOPS).
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning
Volodymyr Mnih,Koray Kavukcuoglu,David Silver,Andrei Rusu,Joel Veness,Marc G. Bellemare,Alex Graves,Martin Riedmiller,Andreas K. Fidjeland,Georg Ostrovski,Stig Petersen,Charles Beattie,Amir Sadik,Ioannis Antonoglou,Helen King,Dharshan Kumaran,Daan Wierstra,Shane Legg,Demis Hassabis +18 more
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