Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial production of recalcitrant dissolved organic matter: long-term carbon storage in the global ocean.
Nianzhi Jiao,Gerhard J. Herndl,Dennis A. Hansell,Ronald Benner,Gerhard Kattner,Steven W. Wilhelm,David L. Kirchman,Markus G. Weinbauer,Tingwei Luo,Feng Chen,Farooq Azam +10 more
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TLDR
The microbial carbon pump is proposed as a conceptual framework to address the important, multifaceted biogeochemical problem of fixed carbon in the upper ocean.Abstract:
The biological pump is a process whereby CO(2) in the upper ocean is fixed by primary producers and transported to the deep ocean as sinking biogenic particles or as dissolved organic matter. The fate of most of this exported material is remineralization to CO(2), which accumulates in deep waters until it is eventually ventilated again at the sea surface. However, a proportion of the fixed carbon is not mineralized but is instead stored for millennia as recalcitrant dissolved organic matter. The processes and mechanisms involved in the generation of this large carbon reservoir are poorly understood. Here, we propose the microbial carbon pump as a conceptual framework to address this important, multifaceted biogeochemical problem.read more
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Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property
Michael W. I. Schmidt,Margaret S. Torn,Margaret S. Torn,Samuel Abiven,Thorsten Dittmar,Thorsten Dittmar,Georg Guggenberger,Ivan A. Janssens,Markus Kleber,Ingrid Kögel-Knabner,Johannes Lehmann,David A. C. Manning,Paolo Nannipieri,Daniel P. Rasse,Steve Weiner,Susan E. Trumbore +15 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new generation of experiments and soil carbon models were proposed to predict the SOM response to global warming, and they showed that molecular structure alone alone does not control SOM stability.
Journal ArticleDOI
The importance of anabolism in microbial control over soil carbon storage
TL;DR: This Perspective looks at how microbial anabolism and the soil microbial carbon pump control microbial necromass accumulation and stabilization; the ‘entombing effect’.
Journal ArticleDOI
Master recyclers: features and functions of bacteria associated with phytoplankton blooms
TL;DR: On the basis of selected field and laboratory-based studies of flavobacteria and roseobacters, distinct metabolic strategies are emerging for these archetypal phytoplankton-associated taxa, which provide insights into the underlying mechanisms that dictate their behaviours during blooms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbial Surface Colonization and Biofilm Development in Marine Environments
Hongyue Dang,Charles R. Lovell +1 more
TL;DR: Recent progress in the study of marine microbial surface colonization and biofilm development is synthesized and discussed and questions are posed for targeted investigation of surface-specific community-level microbial features to advance understanding ofsurface-associated microbial community ecology and the biogeochemical functions of these communities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recalcitrant Dissolved Organic Carbon Fractions
TL;DR: Here, the major fractions constituting the global ocean's recalcitrant DOC pool are quantitatively and qualitatively characterized with reference to their roles in carbon biogeochemistry with a nomenclature proposed based on those roles.
References
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Climate change 2001: the scientific basis
John Theodore Houghton,Y. Ding,David John Griggs,M. Noguer,P. J. van der Linden,X. Dai,K. Maskell,C. A. Johnson +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an overview of the climate system and its dynamics, including observed climate variability and change, the carbon cycle, atmospheric chemistry and greenhouse gases, and their direct and indirect effects.
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Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms
James C. Orr,Victoria J. Fabry,Olivier Aumont,Laurent Bopp,Scott C. Doney,Richard A. Feely,Anand Gnanadesikan,Nicolas Gruber,Akio Ishida,Fortunat Joos,Robert M. Key,Keith Lindsay,Ernst Maier-Reimer,Richard J. Matear,Patrick Monfray,Anne Mouchet,Raymond G. Najjar,Gian-Kasper Plattner,Keith B. Rodgers,Christopher L. Sabine,Jorge L. Sarmiento,Reiner Schlitzer,Richard D. Slater,I. Totterdell,Marie-France Weirig,Yasuhiro Yamanaka,Andrew Yool +26 more
TL;DR: 13 models of the ocean–carbon cycle are used to assess calcium carbonate saturation under the IS92a ‘business-as-usual’ scenario for future emissions of anthropogenic carbon dioxide and indicate that conditions detrimental to high-latitude ecosystems could develop within decades, not centuries as suggested previously.
Journal ArticleDOI
Particulate organic matter flux and planktonic new production in the deep ocean
TL;DR: The primary production in the oceans results from allochthonous nutrient inputs to the euphotic zone (new production) and from nutrient recycling in the surface waters (regenerated production) as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Marine viruses — major players in the global ecosystem
TL;DR: Viruses are by far the most abundant 'lifeforms' in the oceans and are the reservoir of most of the genetic diversity in the sea, thereby driving the evolution of both host and viral assemblages.
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Sedimentary organic matter preservation: an assessment and speculative synthesis
John I. Hedges,Richard G. Keil +1 more
TL;DR: For example, in a recent paper as discussed by the authors, the authors investigated the mechanisms governing sedimentary organic matter preservation in marine sediments and found that organic preservation in the marine environment is < 0.5% efficient, and that the factors which directly determine preservation vary with depositional regime, but have in common a critical interaction between organic and inorganic materials over locally variable time scales.