Multiple Roles for Neutrophils in Atherosclerosis
TLDR
Mechanisms underlying hyperlipidemia-mediated neutrophilia and how neutrophils may enter atherosclerotic lesions are described and possible mechanisms of neutrophil-driven atherogenesis and plaque destabilization are highlighted.Abstract:
Because of their rare detection in atherosclerotic lesions, the involvement of neutrophils in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis has been largely denied. However, over the past couple of years, studies have provided convincing evidence for the presence of neutrophils in atherosclerotic plaques and further revealed the causal contribution of neutrophils during various stages of atherosclerosis. This review describes mechanisms underlying hyperlipidemia-mediated neutrophilia and how neutrophils may enter atherosclerotic lesions. It also highlights possible mechanisms of neutrophil-driven atherogenesis and plaque destabilization. Knowledge of the contribution of neutrophils to atherosclerosis will allow for exploration of new avenues in the treatment of atherogenesis and atherothrombosis.read more
Citations
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The Multifaceted Functions of Neutrophils
TL;DR: Primordial neutrophil functions are discussed, and more recent evidence that interactions between neutrophils and adaptive immune cells establish a feed-forward mechanism that amplifies pathologic inflammation is presented.
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Molecular Biology of Atherosclerosis
TL;DR: Key signaling pathways are presented to provide a context for the gene manipulations summarized herein and will undoubtedly provide a rich resource for future innovation toward intervention and prevention of the number one cause of death in the modern world.
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Elevated levels of circulating DNA and chromatin are independently associated with severe coronary atherosclerosis and a prothrombotic state.
Julian I. Borissoff,Ivo A. Joosen,Mathijs O. Versteylen,Alexander Brill,Alexander Brill,Tobias A. Fuchs,Tobias A. Fuchs,Alexander Savchenko,Alexander Savchenko,Maureen Gallant,Kimberly Martinod,Kimberly Martinod,Hugo ten Cate,Leonard Hofstra,Harry J.G.M. Crijns,Denisa D. Wagner,Denisa D. Wagner,Bas L.J.H. Kietselaer +17 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided demonstrating that markers of cell death and neutrophil extracellular trap formation are independently associated with coronary artery disease, prothrombotic state, and occurrence of adverse cardiac events.
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Neutrophils as emerging therapeutic targets
TL;DR: An overview of the biological and pathological functions of neutrophils is provided, assessing emerging strategies to therapeutically target neutrophil function and agents currently under investigation.
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Peptidylarginine Deiminase Inhibition Reduces Vascular Damage and Modulates Innate Immune Responses in Murine Models of Atherosclerosis
Jason S. Knight,Wei Luo,Alexander A. O’Dell,Srilakshmi Yalavarthi,Wenpu Zhao,Venkataraman Subramanian,Chiao Guo,Robert C. Grenn,Paul R. Thompson,Daniel T. Eitzman,Mariana J. Kaplan +10 more
TL;DR: These results support a role for aberrant NET formation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis through modulation of innate immune responses and Pharmacological interventions that block NET formation can reduce atherosclerotic burden and arterial thrombosis in murine systems.
References
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