Neutrophil extracellular traps sequester circulating tumor cells and promote metastasis
Jonathan Cools-Lartigue,Jonathan Spicer,Braedon McDonald,Stephen Gowing,Simon C. Chow,Betty Giannias,Paul Kubes,Lorenzo E. Ferri +7 more
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TLDR
It is reported that circulating tumor cells become trapped within NETs in vitro under static and dynamic conditions and NETs are identified as potential therapeutic targets in the context of systemic infection.Abstract:
The majority of patients with cancer undergo at least one surgical procedure as part of their treatment. Severe postsurgical infection is associated with adverse oncologic outcomes; however, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils, which function as the first line of defense during infections, facilitate cancer progression. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular neutrophil-derived DNA webs released in response to inflammatory cues that trap and kill invading pathogens. The role of NETs in cancer progression is entirely unknown. We report that circulating tumor cells become trapped within NETs in vitro under static and dynamic conditions. In a murine model of infection using cecal ligation and puncture, we demonstrated microvascular NET deposition and consequent trapping of circulating lung carcinoma cells within DNA webs. NET trapping was associated with increased formation of hepatic micrometastases at 48 hours and gross metastatic disease burden at 2 weeks following tumor cell injection. These effects were abrogated by NET inhibition with DNAse or a neutrophil elastase inhibitor. These findings implicate NETs in the process of cancer metastasis in the context of systemic infection and identify NETs as potential therapeutic targets.read more
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Editorial: Neutrophils in Cancer
Brahm H. Segal,Zvi G. Fridlender +1 more
TL;DR: A major theme of this Research Topic relates to how antimicrobial pathways in neutrophils are activated by DAMPs and cytokine signals in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in ways that can promote or restrict tumor progression.
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The Predictive Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers for Treatment Response and Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy with FOLFOX Regimen: A Preliminary Study
Study of Cytotoxicity of Immunomagnetoliposomes on the Example of Chlorella Vulgaris Microalgae Culture
TL;DR: Immunomagnetoliposomes of the composition phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol-disteroylphosphoethanolamine-polyethylene glycol (2000)-magnetite-antibodies to H3 histone were obtained and data was obtained on the toxicity of the synthesised nanoparticles relative to Chlorella vulgaris microalgae culture.
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Activated neutrophils inhibit chemotactic migration of activated T lymphocytes to CXCL11 by multiple mechanisms.
Kohei Tamura,Hideyo Miyato,Rihito Kanamaru,Ai Sadatomo,Kazuya Takahashi,Hideyuki Ohzawa,Takahiro Koyanagi,Yasushi Saga,Yuji Takei,Hiroyuki Fujiwara,Alan T. Lefor,Naohiro Sata,Joji Kitayama +12 more
TL;DR: Activated neutrophils inhibit chemotactic migration of activated T cells through multiple mechanisms including ROS production and chemokine degradation, which may have suppressive effects on the accumulation of TILs.
Intracellular Radicals in Neutrophils Processing and Functional Implications
TL;DR: The processing of intracellularly produced ROS in neutrophils has been characterized and both production and processing were found to be essential for active NET formation, and an alternative mechanism of NET formation was described that is independent of ROS production.
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