Neutrophil extracellular traps sequester circulating tumor cells and promote metastasis
Jonathan Cools-Lartigue,Jonathan Spicer,Braedon McDonald,Stephen Gowing,Simon C. Chow,Betty Giannias,Paul Kubes,Lorenzo E. Ferri +7 more
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TLDR
It is reported that circulating tumor cells become trapped within NETs in vitro under static and dynamic conditions and NETs are identified as potential therapeutic targets in the context of systemic infection.Abstract:
The majority of patients with cancer undergo at least one surgical procedure as part of their treatment. Severe postsurgical infection is associated with adverse oncologic outcomes; however, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils, which function as the first line of defense during infections, facilitate cancer progression. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular neutrophil-derived DNA webs released in response to inflammatory cues that trap and kill invading pathogens. The role of NETs in cancer progression is entirely unknown. We report that circulating tumor cells become trapped within NETs in vitro under static and dynamic conditions. In a murine model of infection using cecal ligation and puncture, we demonstrated microvascular NET deposition and consequent trapping of circulating lung carcinoma cells within DNA webs. NET trapping was associated with increased formation of hepatic micrometastases at 48 hours and gross metastatic disease burden at 2 weeks following tumor cell injection. These effects were abrogated by NET inhibition with DNAse or a neutrophil elastase inhibitor. These findings implicate NETs in the process of cancer metastasis in the context of systemic infection and identify NETs as potential therapeutic targets.read more
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2-Chlorofatty acids: lipid mediators of neutrophil extracellular trap formation.
TL;DR: 2-ClFA is suggested as an MPO product that triggers the NETosis pathway following neutrophil activation, suggesting 2-ClFAs are important lipid mediators of NETosis.
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TL;DR: A new pre-treatment biomarker, expressed as the eosinophil–lymphocytes ratio (ELR), is described as an independent prognostic factor in cervical cancer (CC) patients, the first report describing eOSinophils-related biomarker as anindependent prognostic factors in CC.
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Myeloid cells in metastasis
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Extracellular RNAs from lung cancer cells activate epithelial cells and induce neutrophil extracellular traps
Yan Li,Yonglin Yang,Tingting Gan,Jiawei Zhou,Fan Hu,Nannan Hao,Baorui Yuan,Yu Chen,Mingshun Zhang +8 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that exRNAs in the cell culture supernatant may indirectly induce NETs and contribute to lung cancer oncogenesis.
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Real-Time Label-Free Embolus Detection Using In Vivo Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry.
Mazen A. Juratli,Yulian A. Menyaev,Mustafa Sarimollaoglu,Eric R. Siegel,Dmitry A. Nedosekin,James Y. Suen,Alexander V. Melerzanov,Tareq A. Juratli,Ekaterina I. Galanzha,Vladimir P. Zharov,Vladimir P. Zharov +10 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the PAFC can detect a single embolus, and has the ability to distinguish between erythrocyte–rich and leukocyte/platelet-rich emboli in small vessels, and to confirm the presence of pigmented tumor cells within circulating emboli.
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