Neutrophil extracellular traps sequester circulating tumor cells and promote metastasis
Jonathan Cools-Lartigue,Jonathan Spicer,Braedon McDonald,Stephen Gowing,Simon C. Chow,Betty Giannias,Paul Kubes,Lorenzo E. Ferri +7 more
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TLDR
It is reported that circulating tumor cells become trapped within NETs in vitro under static and dynamic conditions and NETs are identified as potential therapeutic targets in the context of systemic infection.Abstract:
The majority of patients with cancer undergo at least one surgical procedure as part of their treatment. Severe postsurgical infection is associated with adverse oncologic outcomes; however, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils, which function as the first line of defense during infections, facilitate cancer progression. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular neutrophil-derived DNA webs released in response to inflammatory cues that trap and kill invading pathogens. The role of NETs in cancer progression is entirely unknown. We report that circulating tumor cells become trapped within NETs in vitro under static and dynamic conditions. In a murine model of infection using cecal ligation and puncture, we demonstrated microvascular NET deposition and consequent trapping of circulating lung carcinoma cells within DNA webs. NET trapping was associated with increased formation of hepatic micrometastases at 48 hours and gross metastatic disease burden at 2 weeks following tumor cell injection. These effects were abrogated by NET inhibition with DNAse or a neutrophil elastase inhibitor. These findings implicate NETs in the process of cancer metastasis in the context of systemic infection and identify NETs as potential therapeutic targets.read more
Citations
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Neutrophil Cathepsin G and Tumor Cell RAGE Facilitate Neutrophil Anti-Tumor Cytotoxicity.
Ronit Vogt Sionov,Tanya Fainsod-Levi,Tamir Zelter,Lola Polyansky,Christine T. N. Pham,Zvi Granot +5 more
TL;DR: It is found that tumor cell RAGE rather than neutrophil RAGE is important for the killing process, and a novel role for RAGE and Cathepsin G in neutrophils-mediated cytotoxicity is identified.
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Association between circulating tumor cells and peripheral blood monocytes in metastatic breast cancer
Ugo De Giorgi,Michal Mego,Emanuela Scarpi,Antonio Giordano,Mario Giuliano,Vicente Valero,Ricardo H. Alvarez,Naoto T. Ueno,Massimo Cristofanilli,James M. Reuben +9 more
TL;DR: CTC and MLR are predictors of overall survival in MBC, and CTC correlates with monocytes, in particular in triple-negative tumors.
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Clinical significance of the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio in venous thromboembolism patients with lung cancer
Se-Il Go,Anna Lee,Un Seok Lee,Hye Jung Choi,Myung Hee Kang,Jung Hun Kang,Kyung Nyeo Jeon,Mi Jung Park,Seok-Hyun Kim,Gyeong-Won Lee +9 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the NLR at the time of VTE diagnosis could be a useful biomarker for predicting the response and prognosis following anticoagulation in patients with lung cancer and VTE.
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BCG-induced formation of neutrophil extracellular traps play an important role in bladder cancer treatment
TL;DR: A novel immunoregulatory role for NETs in the early stages of BCG immunotherapy is demonstrated, and it is found that BCG-induced NETs exerted cytotoxicity, induced apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest, and inhibited migration in bladder tumor cells.
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Neutrophils: Critical components in experimental animal models of cancer.
Catharina Hagerling,Zena Werb +1 more
TL;DR: Important findings that have been made about neutrophils in experimental animal models of cancer are covered, point to their advantages and limitations, and novel techniques that can be used to expand knowledge of how neutrophil influence tumor progression are discussed.
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