Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and breast cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.
Kristy A. Brown,Evan R. Simpson +1 more
TLDR
Therapies aimed at treating obesity/diabetes are attractive options for the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer.Abstract:
Obesity is a known risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer, whereby factors produced by the adipose tissue are known to directly and indirectly affect tumour growth. It is now becoming increasingly clear that both obesity and cancer arise as a consequence of dysregulated metabolism, both in response to altered energy status and endocrine factors, and to intrinsic changes within cells. Moreover, both obesity and cancer lead to localised inflammation, whereby inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins are produced by adipose tissue and tumour cells. Obesity is also a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, with a consequential increase in circulating insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) known to promote tumour cell growth. Interestingly, these factors converge to increase aromatase expression within the breast and hence, estrogen production, thereby increasing the risk of breast cancer and the growth of breast tumour cells. Therapies aimed at treating obesity/diabetes are therefore attractive options for the treatment of postmenopausal breast cancer.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity promotes breast cancer by CCL2-mediated macrophage recruitment and angiogenesis.
Lisa M. Arendt,Jessica McCready,Patricia J. Keller,Dana Baker,Stephen P. Naber,Victoria L. Seewaldt,Charlotte Kuperwasser +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that during obesity, adipocytes within human and mouse breast tissues recruit and activate macrophages through a previously uncharacterized CCL2/IL-1β/CXCL12 signaling pathway to promote angiogenesis and prime the microenvironment prior to neoplastic transformation for accelerated breast oncogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and breast cancer – Role of estrogens and the molecular underpinnings of aromatase regulation in breast adipose tissue
TL;DR: How obesity-related factors can affect the risk of hormone-dependent breast cancer is described, highlighting the different molecular mechanisms and metabolic pathways involved in aromatase regulation, estrogen production and breast malignancy in the context of obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estrogens and breast cancer: Mechanisms involved in obesity-related development, growth and progression.
Priya Bhardwaj,CheukMan C Au,Alberto Benito-Martin,Heta Ladumor,Sofya Oshchepkova,Ruth Moges,Kristy A. Brown,Kristy A. Brown +7 more
TL;DR: This review is aimed at providing an overview of the current knowledge in relation to the regulation of estrogens in adipose tissue and their role in driving breast tumor development, growth and progression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Obesity and breast cancer: role of inflammation and aromatase
Evan R. Simpson,Kristy A. Brown +1 more
TL;DR: Obesity is now recognised to be an inflammatory condition in which dysregulated metabolism plays an integral role, and inflammatory mediators regulate aromatase expression in the human breast as one mechanism whereby they increase the risk of breast cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Postmenopausal breast cancer and oestrogen associations with the IgA-coated and IgA-noncoated faecal microbiota.
James J. Goedert,Xing Hua,Agata A. Bielecka,Isao Okayasu,Ginger L. Milne,Gieira S. Jones,Mutsunori Fujiwara,Rashmi Sinha,Yunhu Wan,Xia Xu,Jacques Ravel,Jianxin Shi,Noah W. Palm,Heather Spencer Feigelson +13 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the gut microbiota may influence breast cancer risk by altered metabolism, oestrogen recycling, and immune pressure.
References
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